A recent global study, which surveyed 10,000 young people from 10 countries, showed that nearly 60 percent of them were extremely worried about the future state of the planet. The report also showed that nearly half of the respondents (受访者) said that such distress affected them daily, and three-quarters agreed with the statement that “the future is frightening.” This, and many other studies, show clearly that climate change is not just a threat to the environment. It also poses a very real threat to our mental health.
Psychologists have classified these feelings of sadness, distress, and worry about the current climate emergency as eco-anxiety. According to the Climate Psychology Alliance, eco-anxiety is defined as the “intense physical and mental discomfort in response to dangerous changes in the climate system.”
Eco-anxiety doesn’t just affect young people. It also affects researchers who work in climate and ecological science, burdened by the reality discovered in their findings, and it affects the poor people across the globe, who hopelessly bear the harmful impacts of climate breakdown.
In recent years, we’ve seen wildfires tear through Canada and Greece, and summer floods destroy regions in Pakistan that are home to nearly 33 million people. Studies have shown that those impacted by air pollution and rising temperatures are more likely to experience mental distress.
The cause of this mental distress is absolutely external. According to Caroline Hickman, a researcher on eco-anxiety from the University of Bath, anyone experiencing these emotions is displaying entirely natural and rational reactions to the climate crisis. Her suggestion? Take eco-anxiety as a tool for good-as an emotion that can urge people to act in protection of our planet.
This is why, in 2024, we will also see more people around the world join the fight for climate justice and apply for jobs that seek sustainable development. Eco-anxiety is not something we will defeat with therapy—we will solve it by taking action.
1. What does the underlined word “distress” in paragraph 1 mean?A.Shock. | B.Anxiety. | C.Happiness. | D.Anger. |
A.It is a strong reaction to the natural disasters. |
B.It is a kind of mental disease for the young people. |
C.It is a physical and mental discomfort when we meet difficulties. |
D.It is a strong physical and mental discomfort for the dangerous climate changes. |
A.The process of eco-anxiety. | B.The impact of eco-anxiety. |
C.The causes of eco-anxiety. | D.The benefits of eco-anxiety. |
A.Defeat it with a therapy. | B.Just wait for a good solution. |
C.Join the fight for climate justice. | D.Use it to urge people to protect our earth. |
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【推荐1】Reading while traveling is more than pleasurable; it’s a necessity. It means resting our heads against the window while traveling on the subway, train, or bus, and immersing ourselves in distant worlds and other people’s lives. These waves of words help us make the journey seem shorter and distance ourselves from the noise. It can make our journey meaningful and help us to start our working days with renewed energy and enthusiasm.
Reading while traveling brings a unique context to one’s reading. Many people take specific books with them to tie into the places they’re traveling to. Few things are as enjoyable and satisfying as lifting your eyes to find yourself in the very same country, setting, or context that the book is set in. Of course, it isn’t necessary to visit the exact places in a novel in order to experience the sensations that the author is trying to transmit to you. Just the simple fact of being outside the four walls of your house brings new ingredients to reading: sounds, lights, faces, and sensations, among other things.
Reading while traveling improves your ability to concentrate. The truth is that not all people are able to concentrate on a book while they’re traveling. Our urban world is noisy. However, it’s interesting to note that those who have become used to reading while traveling have developed unique concentration and focusing skills. The ability to read, understand, and visualize other worlds and plots is a skill that can be applied to many other areas in life.
Reading, which is a ticket that transports you to places far beyond your physical destination, is a portable pastime. You don’t have to be in bed or on the couch in order to be able to enjoy a book. Reading while traveling is a great way to make the most of your time, thereby turning those moments of inactivity into very active ones for your brain. The only danger that we could point out is that you may get so immersed in your book that you might miss your stop!
1. What can be inferred from the first paragraph?A.Leaning against the window is recommended. |
B.Words can keep readers distanced from the world. |
C.Enjoying a book makes sufferings from noise pleasant. |
D.Reading helps travelers absorbed in another world. |
A.Lost. | B.Uneasy. |
C.Sensitive. | D.Overjoyed. |
A.They can’t bear being in a noisy atmosphere. |
B.They are unlikely to be distracted at work. |
C.They can hardly keep focused on anything else. |
D.They tend to be bookish and unrealistic. |
A.It partly replaces physical exercise. | B.It can boost travelers’ brain health. |
C.It keeps you from missing stops. | D.It requires a favorable environment. |
【推荐2】Anyone wanting to help the poor may like this idea—recycling aluminum cans in a different way, which is apparently also good for the environment. So you're actually killing two birds with one stone. It goes without saying that recycling aluminum cans can save resources, energy, time and money. People usually save and place aluminum cans in the dustbins, which are then collected and taken away by cleaners, who will finally recycle them in the recycling center. But if you save the aluminum cans, and skip the cleaners, you can save these same cans for something more important—helping the poor. In other words, by doing less, you are giving the environmental cause some new significance.
Here is how to put this idea into action. Take your aluminum cans and place them in a plastic bag. For the dirty ones, rinse them out first. Store the bag of clean aluminum cans. Once you collect about one hundred cans or more, take the cans to the recycle center yourself. There are about eighteen aluminum cans in a pound. And you can receive three to four dollars for one hundred cans. Donate your three to four dollars to the poor or any charity organization of your choice.
By now, you may wonder if your few dollars have really made a difference to the poor. Consider this: Is there any individual or any specific event that is great enough to change the world or decide the direction that history takes? The answer is probably no. What if there were a lot of people who would do the same thing? History shows nothing but the collective will of the whole community. And that will surely be powerful enough to make a bigger difference.
Go to your community or your school and spread your idea. Share your idea and save your aluminum cans with other people. One hundred people can speak louder than one. And the money you make by saving cans can be multiplied by one hundred times. And if more people join in the cause around the world, an even larger difference can be made , and more people in need will enjoy the benefits.
1. What's special about the new idea?A.It makes profits. | B.It saves resources. |
C.It benefits the poor. | D.It involves cleaners. |
A.Dirty cans do not sell well. | B.You decide who receives the money. |
C.A hundred cans weigh about 3 pounds. | D.The recycle center is conveniently located. |
A.A great individual or event. | B.The direction history takes. |
C.The collective will of people. | D.The neighbourhood you live in. |
A.Many hands make light work. | B.Kill two birds with one stone. |
C.Don't put the cart before the horse. | D.No man can do two things at once. |
【推荐3】The rapid increase of the oil price has brought the world to its senses. Scientists are seeking suitable alternative (替换) but so far in vain. They are considering how they can make better use of the two other major fuels, coal and natural gas, but they have found that neither can replace oil in their economics. In recent years, there has been a growing concern for the environment and coal is not a popular fuel with environmentalists. Natural gas, the purest of the three fuels, is also the most limited in supply.
The answer would seem to lie in nuclear power stations. They need very little fuel to produce enormous amounts of power and they do not pollute the atmosphere. Their dangers, however, are so great and the costs of building them are also high. Not only could one accident in a nuclear power station spread as much radioactivity (放射物) as a thousand Hiroshima atom bombs, but the radioactive waste from these stations is extremely dangerous.
Scientists have recently turned their attention to natural sources of energy: the sun, the sea, the wind and hot spring, of which the sun seems the most promising source for the future. Houses have already been built which are heated entirely by solar energy. However, solar energy can only be collected during daylight hours, and in countries where the weather is unreliable, an alternative heating system has to be included.
However, many scientists are optimistic that new ways of generating large amounts of energy will be successfully developed, but at the same time they fear the consequences. If the world population goes on increasing at its present rate, we may, in fifty years’ time, be burning up so much energy that we would damage the earth’s atmosphere. By raising the temperature of the atmosphere,we could melt the Arctic and Antarctic ice-caps and change the pattern of vegetable and animal life throughout the world——a frightening possibility.
1. What does the underlined phrase “in vain” in Paragraph1 mean?A.without doubt | B.without results | C.in progress | D.under attack |
A.it is too pure | B.the source of it is limited |
C.its price is increasing | D.it may cause more pollution |
A.coal | B.natural gas | C.wind energy | D.solar energy |
A.it may pollute the atmosphere |
B.it cannot generate large amounts of power |
C.it may use up enormous amounts of fuel |
D.it may cause great danger to us if not properly handled |
【推荐1】Europe’s ski resorts (胜地) haven’t been getting enough snow.
Amedeo Reale is president of Sci Club 18, in Cortina d’Ampezzo, a town in Italy’s Dolomite Mountains. In 2026, the area will host the Women’s Winter Olympics downhill skiing events. “The only thing we are scared of is having one or two months of hot weather,” Reale says. “But in Cortina d’Ampezzo, I don’t think there is any problem.” At more than 5,000 feet above sea level, the slopes (坡) stay cold enough for artificial snow.
But other parts of Italy are not so lucky. They’ve been getting a taste of a much warmer future. The only plan for saving Italy’s ski industry is to use artificial snow as much as possible, says Rolando Galli, who runs a ski lift in there sort of Abetone, in Italy. It has done more than $2 million less business this season because of the lack of snow. Even if there’s snow for the rest of the season, Galli says, there’s no way to make up for this year’s lost income. He ran the lifts without snow, just for the views, but not many tourists showed up.
The changing weather is making it hard to find the right conditions for winter-sports competitions. Promoting summertime sports is probably a good business strategy. The government and mountain towns should invest in lakes. In summer, these could be tourist destinations-for fishing, boating, and sightseeing. They might also provide water to fight bush fires. Clinate change is something that we have to face. We can’t just put our heads in the ground and ignore it.
Since 1924, 21 cities have hosted the Winter Olympies. The first was Chamonix, France. If global temperatures continue rising at the current rate, only four of those places will have conditions appropriate for competition by 2050. That’s the prediction of a recent scientific report. Cortina d’ Ampezzo, in Italy, would be rated “unacceptable”, the report says. Only Sapporo, Japan, is considered a reliable bet for the 2078 or 2082 games.
1. Which word can best deseribe Amedeo Reale’s attitude to his business?A.Worried. | B.Optimistic. |
C.Conservative. | D.Uncertain. |
A.Business is bad without snow. |
B.Winter is the peak season for tourism. |
C.Artificial snow is a short-term measure. |
D.His losses will be recovered next winter. |
A.Mass-produce artificial snow. |
B.Think ahead to the next move. |
C.Develop the winter tourism in time. |
D.Try to stop climate change gradually. |
A.The Winter Olympics might not exist long. |
B.Global temperatures are sure to keep rising. |
C.Climate change affects Italy and Japan most. |
D.More places will hold winter sports activities. |
【推荐2】For humans, adapting to climate change will mostly be a matter of technology. More air conditioning, better-designed houses and bigger flood defenses may help ease the effects of a warmer world. Animals will have to rely on changing their bodies or their behavior. In a paper published in Trends in Ecology & Evolution, a team led by Sara Ryding, a PhD candidate at Deakin University, in Australia, shows that is already happening. Climate change is already altering the bodies of many animal species, giving them bigger beaks (喙), limbs (肢) and ears.
In some species of Australian parrot, for instance, beak size has increased by between 4% and 10% since 1871. Another study, this time in North American dark-eyed juncos, a kind of small and grayish birds, found the same pattern. Similar trends are seen in mammals, with species of mice, shrews (鼩鼱) and bats evolving bigger ears, tails, legs and wings.
All that matches nicely with evolutionary theory. “Allen’s rule”, named after Joel Asaph Allen, who suggested it in 1877, holds that warm-blooded animals in hot places tend to have larger appendages (附肢) than those in temperate regions. Such adaptations boost an animal’s surface area relative to its body volume, helping it to shed extra heat. Being richly equipped with blood vessels, and not covered by protective feathers, beaks wake an ideal place for birds to get rid of heat, Fennec foxes, meanwhile, which are native to the Sabara desert, have strikingly large ears, especially compared with their Arctic cousins.
Ms. Ryding examined museum specimens, comparing their bodies to those of their modern counterparts. She is not the first researcher to employ that method. But it is hard, when dealing with individual species, to prove that climate change was the cause of an anatomical (解剖的) alteration. All sorts of other factors, from changes in prey to the evolving reproductive preferences of males or females, might possibly have been driving the changes.
Looking at the bigger picture makes the pattern clearer, says Ms. Ryding. Her team combined data form different species in different places. Since they have little in common apart from living on a warming planet, she says, climate change is the most credible explanation.
For now, at least, the increase is small, never much more than 10%. That may change as warming accelerates. Since any evolutionary adaptation comes with trade-offs, it is unclear how far the process might go. Bigger beaks might interfere with feeding, for instance. Larger wings are heavier, and bigger legs cost more energy to grow.
Studying a broader range of animals will help firm up exactly what is happening. Much of Ms. Rying’s data concern birds, with less information available for other groups. But it seems clear that the world of the future is not just going to be hotter than humans are used to. The animals living in it will look different, too.
1. How is climate change altering the bodies of animal species?A.Beaks of North American dark-eyed juncos have grown by 4% to 10%. |
B.The leg size of mammals like mice and shrews has increased since 1871. |
C.Australian parrots now possess tails 4% longer than they used to. |
D.Bats have seen a dramatic increase in the size of their ears and wings. |
A.To reduce the ratio between surface area and volume. |
B.To avoid damaging blood vessels in their appendages. |
C.To assist creatures in letting off unnecessary heat. |
D.To catch prey more efficiently in the Sahara desert. |
A.Her team is among the first to compare museum specimens to modern animal bodies. |
B.It has ruled out the possibility that changes in prey will drive the anatomical alteration. |
C.Her team collected data of individual animal species from a limited geographical range. |
D.It’s adopted a comprehensive angle to prove that climate change Has altered animals’ body. |
A.Animals will continue to experience increases in their appendages by 10%. |
B.Changes in animal bodies will hopefully provide chances for profitable trade. |
C.Such evolutionary adaptation will likely impose heavier burdens on animals. |
D.Global warming will surely contribute to animals’ body change for the better. |
A.More Solutions are Needed as the Planet Earth Heats up |
B.The Effects of a Warmer World are Visible in Animals’ Bodies |
C.Global Warming Triggers Extreme Heat and Loss of Species |
D.Animals Threatened by Global Warming are Crying for Help |
【推荐3】Around two-thirds of the world’s population will face at least one month of water shortages by 2050, according to a new report on how climate change is affecting the world’s water resources.
The report from WMO(世界气候组织), released Tuesday, includes predictions about river flows, floods and droughts on every continent. It warned that some places, such as Brazil’s Rio Sao Francisco basin, face a challenging future because of the continuous droughts. However, others, including the Great Lakes region of the United States, are in better shape. There will be losers and winners, the authors wrote, though, “Overall, the negative trends are stronger than the positive ones.”
Researchers also said rapid snow melt in high-altitude regions has “a great impact” on global water security. The heavy use of groundwater for irrigation, a problem worsened by droughts, also affects global water security
“ The impacts of climate change are often felt through water-more severe and frequent droughts, and more extreme flooding. They have great effects on economy, ecosystem and all aspects of our daily lives,” WMO Secretary-General Taalas said.
“ There isn’t enough understanding of changes in the distribution(分布), quantity, and quality of freshwater resources. The 36-page report will fill that knowledge gap and provide an outline of water availability in different parts of the world,” another official said. The findings will guide investments on climate adaptation. Besides, it will also give information to the United Nations’ campaign to provide access to early risk warning system for climate disasters.
“Between 2001 and 2018, the United Nations reported that 74 percent of all natural disasters were water-related. This motivates participants at the recent U.N. climate conference to further add water into adaptation efforts. This report will be a great help,” added the official.
1. What is the main finding of the report?A.Continuous floods have put Brazil at risk. |
B.The use of groundwater has worsened droughts. |
C.The world water security has become unbalanced. |
D.Every continent is suffering from natural disasters. |
A.Concerned. | B.Optimistic. |
C.Critical. | D.Tolerant. |
A.The content of the report. | B.The purpose of the report. |
C.The background of the report. | D.The significance of the report. |
A.To call on people to save water. |
B.To explain reasons for climate disasters. |
C.To present a report on global water security. |
D.To compare water resources in different places. |