Throughout history, literature has been a mirror to society, capturing its evolution, revolutions, conflicts, and ambition. As readers, we often find comfort, inspiration, or severe realities through the world of words. Yet, in the 21st century, with a sharp rise in digitalization, literature’s canvas (画布) has expanded dramatically, leading to both enthusiasm and worry among literary enthusiasts.
Dr. Elizabeth Montgomery, a famous literary critic and professor at the Langford Literary University, set about an extensive study to decipher (破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age. “The printed word has a touchable beauty and permanence. Digital platforms, on the other hand, are vast, changing, and developing. This dichotomy (二分法) is interesting but also challenges traditional literary boundaries,” reflected Montgomery.
Montgomery’s study lasted over two years, involving a diverse group of 1,200 participants from various age groups and backgrounds. They were divided into three groups: the first experienced literature only through printed books, the second through e-books, and the third through interactive digital stories, which combine text, graphics, and user interaction.
Feedback revealed diverse insights. Printed book fans valued the sensory experience — the feel of pages, the smell of a book — claiming that it deepened their connection to the content. E-book readers appreciated the convenience and portability but missed the touchable experience of traditional books. However, the third group, who engaged with interactive digital stories, expressed excitement at being part of the story, though some felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further, the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers, suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns. Montgomery notes, “While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing, it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more foggy. The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.”
1. What was the purpose of Dr. Elizabeth Montgomery’s study?A.To promote digital platforms over printed books. |
B.To explore the impact of digitalization on literature. |
C.To present the landscape of the digital literature. |
D.To challenge the traditional literary boundary. |
A.They found it convenient to carry the books around. |
B.They believed the books lacked the literary essence. |
C.They thought they were happy to be involved in the story. |
D.They felt the sensory experience promoted their understanding. |
A.Traditional books may be preferred by elder people. |
B.Digital stories will enjoy equal preference of all ages. |
C.Interactive stories may see a rise among younger readers. |
D.E-books will replace printed books and dominate the market. |
A.Objective. | B.Doubtful. | C.Excited. | D.Unconcerned. |
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【推荐1】Young Adult Groups
●Around the World in 80 Books — 9,186 members
If you love exploring the world through books, you have come to the right place! It all started as a challenge on TNBBC in 2009, and now we have our own group! Challenge participation is not a requirement of joining. Anyone who loves reading books is welcome.
Website: http: //www.worldinbooks.com
Rules: Respect each other’s opinions and have fun!
●Readers That Love Giveaways — 734 members
This group is for readers that enjoy entering give-aways and finding freebies(免费物)! Follow us for the newestbargain, discounted, and free e-books, as well as new releases and book recommendations. Website: http: //www.fireandicebooktours.com
Rules: Please share your items in the appropriate folders!
●Book Loving Kiwis — 706 members
A group for New Zealand book lovers(and authors)and lovers of New Zealand books(and books in general). Aplace to share what we’re reading, introduce books we have written, and discuss and recommend books. Please recommend us to your friends.
Website: http: //www.kiwisbook.com
Rules: Enjoy reading! Respect all group members and their opinions.
●A Book and a Cappucino — 77 members
This group is for anyone who likes to read and likes to read at their own pace. It does not matter how much or how little you read. It’s just a friendly place to discuss what you’re reading and to get ideas for your next read. You can participate as much or as little as you like.
Website: http: //www.bookandcappucino.com
Rules: Be respectful to all. Everyone has a right to share opinions.
1. Which of the four groups is the most popular?
A.Book Loving Kiwis. | B.A Book and a Cappucino. |
C.Around the World in 80 Books. | D.Readers That Love Giveaways. |
A.http: //www.fireandicebooktours.com. | B.http: //www.bookandcappucino.com. |
C.http: //www.worldinbooks.com. | D.http: //www.kiwisbook.com. |
A.New authors. | B.Young adults. |
C.Book dealers. | D.Book lovers. |
【推荐2】If you want to make sure that you understand this story as fully as possible,you might consider printing the article and reading it on paper.
Virginia Clinton carried out the research examination. Clinton’s examination found that reading from paper generally led to better understanding and improved a person’s performance on tests connected to the reading material. And, she found no major difference in reading speed between the two. Such differences were notable only when the reading material was expository texts—or explanatory and based on fact. Clinton said she found no major difference when it came to narrative,fictional texts.
Clinton also found that paper readers usually have a higher recognition of how well they have understood a text than screen readers.She said,“We think that we’ve reading the story or the book better than we actually are.We think we understand what we are reading better than how we are actually reading.” Yet,this inflated sense of understanding is especially common among screen readers.
Clinton said there are many possible reasons for such findings.Overconfidence of screen readers,for example,could be the result of a distracted,less focused mind.Clinton said,“If you are enjoying the reading process,you’re going to be more involved.You’re going to be paying better attention.Preferences are a key issue here.”
Clinton said, “Several studies have found that people often think of paper material as more important and serious. If you are reading from paper,your mind thinks,’This is something important.I need to pay attention to it’.”Readers might connect computer screens with fun,less serious activities such as checking social media or watching Netflix.Clinton described this kind of reading as “enjoyment reading”.
Although her findings may support paper reading over screen reading,Clinton says,“When you’re reading on a screen,it can be programmed that you have to answer questions and get them right before you can continue.Paper can’t make you do that.Other tools in development will offer students reading at a lower level more simple texts while providing their other classmates more complex versions of the same text.”
1. What did Clinton find in her study?A.Paper readers were better at reading fictional texts. |
B.Screen reading resulted in a more focused mind. |
C.Paper reading was found to be more efficient. |
D.Screen reading brought more enjoyment for readers. |
A.more serious | B.more enjoyable |
C.too informal | D.a little funny |
A.It can be programmed with instant answers. |
B.It provides personalised reading material. |
C.It has tools to force readers to continue reading. |
D.It makes readers have more fun in reading. |
A.Screen time makes reading more effective. |
B.Paper reading is more effective than screen reading. |
C.Screen reading is more suitable for some readers. |
D.Screen reading is improving paper reading. |
【推荐3】Over years, there’s one thing I’ve collected more than any other: books. They slowly piled up (堆积) around until I made a decision—to clear away some of them.
Then what was left were my favorites. Instead of taking over every corner in my home, my collection now includes two organized shelves.
I have some books set in New York. They take me back to the rush of early morning rides or of summer weekends. My San Francisco collection mainly includes Armistead Maupin’s Tales of the City. I pull them off the shelf when I feel disappointed in the place I now call home, and I let them take me to a happier view of this city.
The books that have earned their place on my shelf, however, are those I share a history with.
A.It was really a painful activity. |
B.Then there’s my row of Miami books. |
C.I still read books that are set in places I haven’t lived in, of course. |
D.I didn’t mean to keep the books connected with my previous experience. |
E.I never know when I’ll find myself missing a place, so I stay with the books. |
F.When reading them, I’m taken back to places where I once lived and the person I was. |
G.With this new organization, I could see most books are novels set in places I’ve lived. |
【推荐1】What does your dog do if you lie down on the floor and put your arms or legs out straight to exercise? Does your dog come to your rescue in the same way as if you fell down, or realize you mean to do that? Researchers in Germany carried out a series of experiments to see whether dogs understand if humans do things on purpose.
For their study, they had 51 dog owners drop off their pets to the laboratory. First, the dogs learned that a human experimenter would feed them treats through a gap in a glass partition (隔断). And the researchers designed two situations, which were known as “unwillingness vs. inability”. In the “unwillingness” situation, the experimenter held the food in front of the dogs but didn’t give it to them on purpose, often teasing (戏弄) them before pulling it away. For the “inability” situation, they had two conditions, one where the person seemed clumsy (笨拙的) and he appeared as if he were trying to give the treat to the dogs, but it fell down. In the other, the gap was enveloped and the pet couldn’t get the treat.
In all of these experiments, the experimenter left the treat on the floor in front of the dogs, and the dogs were easily able to get to the treat. How quickly they got back the food depended on the specific situation. The researchers predicted correctly that the dogs would wait longer to go to get the treat if they thought the experimenter didn’t want them to have it, while they went to get it quickly when the treat was meant for them. “They probably understood that -This guy is not very skilled but he wants to give the food to me.” Bräuer suggests.
Bräuer says that there could be other factors that led to the dogs’ such performance in the experiments. Although she thinks the findings are important, Bräuer says she is looking forward to what other scientists around the world will say.
1. What does the underlined word “enveloped” probably mean in Paragraph 2?A.Covered. | B.Widened. | C.Created. | D.Noticed. |
A.The dogs would leave the food where it was. |
B.The dogs would try to break through the gap |
C.The dogs would go and get the food quickly. |
D.The dogs would wait a while before getting the food. |
A.Careful and open-minded. | B.Determined and creative. |
C.Humorous and loving | D.Strict and patient. |
A.How quickly dogs react? | B.How quickly dogs learn? |
C.Can dogs predict your behaviors? | D.Can dogs understand your intention? |
【推荐2】If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images (图像) of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person’s face. The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person’s face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. “We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth,” said study author Corsin Muller. “Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
“With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions,” Muller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. “To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions, and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them,” Muller said.
1. The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.A.distinguish shapes | B.make sense of human faces |
C.feel happy or angry | D.communicate with each other |
A.Researchers tested the dogs in random order. |
B.Diverse methods were adopted during training. |
C.Pictures used in the two stages were different |
D.The dogs were photographed before the lest. |
A.A suggestion for future studies. | B.A possible reason for the study findings. |
C.A major limitation of the study | D.An explanation of the research method. |
【推荐3】Recently, some Chinese experts advise people to be more careful about making a “V”gesture(手势) while taking a photo, because the fingerprints may be stolen.
It is possible. If the distance between the person and a smartphone is less than half a meter, the possibility of the fingerprint being stolen will be bigger. Having fingerprints stolen can cause a lot of difficulty, as they are used in many things, including ID cards, passports and online payments. So it’s a must to pay attention to their protection and avoid them being spread on the Internet.
This kind of discussion was first raised by a Japanese research center, the National Institute of Informatics.
ZengQiaoyi, 19, who likes sharing selfies(自拍) on WeChat, said she is also worried about it. She said she seldom posts pictures with “V” gestures and most pictures she shares are made to be not so clear by certain software. “I blur backgrounds in selfies, hoping to hide my location,” she added.
Tan Tieniu, a scientist, said at the 2016 China National Computer Congress that using fingerprints instead of passwords or voice identification is far from safe, compared with face recognition(辨认).
But a police officer from Jiangsu province, said locals don't need to be overly anxious, because the cameras of many cellphones are not clear enough, and the shooting distance of most photos taken by cameras is too far.
1. What did some Chinese experts suggest?A.Not taking a photo with a camera. | B.Not showing your fingerprints. |
C.Not protecting the fingerprint. | D.Not sharing the photo on WeChat. |
A.Because they can be used on online shopping. |
B.Because they can be used to share location. |
C.Because they can be used to call the policeman. |
D.Because they can be used to take selfies. |
A.使…变模糊 | B.使…变清晰 |
C.使…变美白 | D.使…变可爱 |
A.Fingerprint. | B.Face recognition. |
C.Password. | D.Voice identification. |
A.a map | B.a passport |
C.a dictionary | D.a newspaper |