Cigarettes? Cup of coffee? No, it’s the third most addictive thing in modern life, the cell phone. And experts say it is becoming more difficult for many people to curb their desire to hug it more tightly than most of their personal relationships.
With its shiny surface, its smooth and satisfying touch, its air of complexity, the cell phone connects us to the world even as it disconnects us from people three feet away. In just the past couple of years, the cell phone has challenged individuals, employers, phone makers and counselors (顾问) in ways its inventors in the late 1940s never imagined.
The costs are becoming even more evident, and I don’t mean just the monthly bill. Dr. Chris Knippers, a counselor at the Betty Ford Center in Southern California, reports that the overuse of cell phones has become a social problem not much different from other harmful addictions: a barrier to one-on-one personal contact, and an escape from reality.
Sounds extreme, but we’ve all witnessed the evidence: The person at a restaurant who talks on the phone through an entire meal, ignoring his kids around the table; the woman who talks on the phone in the car, ignoring her husband; the teen who texts messages all the way home from school, avoiding contact with kids all around him.
Is it just rude, or is it a kind of unhealthiness? And pardon me, but how is this improving the quality of life?
Jim Williams, an industrial sociologist based in Massachusetts, notes that cell-phone addiction is part of a set of symptoms in a widening gulf of personal separation. He points to a study by Duke University researchers that found one-quarter of Americans say they have no one to discuss their most important personal business with. Despite the growing use of phones, e-mail and instant messaging, in other words, Williams says studies show that we don’t have as many friends as our parents. “Just as more information has led to less wisdom, more acquaintances via the Internet and cell phones have produced fewer friends,” he says.
If the cell phone has truly had these effects, it’s because it has become very widespread. Consider that in 1987, there were only 1 million cell phones in use. Today, something like 300 million Americans carry them. They far outnumber wired phones in the United States.
1. Which of the following best explains the title of the passage?
A.Cell phone users smoke less than they used to. |
B.More people use cell phones than smoke cigarettes. |
C.Cell phones have become as addictive as cigarettes. |
D.Using cell phone is just as cool as smoking cigarettes. |
A.control | B.ignore |
C.develop | D.rescue |
A.women use cell phones more often than men |
B.talking on the phone while driving is dangerous |
C.cell phones make one-on-one personal contact easy |
D.cell phones do not necessarily bring people together |
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【推荐1】As smart phones become popular, it seems like it’s becoming more and more socially acceptable to use them in different settings.
A study investigated how smart phones influence interpersonal interactions (互动) by inviting over 300 people to share a meal with friends or family at a cafe.
Finally, the people who dined without their phones felt less distracted (分心的) and enjoyed the meal more.
The researchers write, “
However, another study led by Jean Twenge reported one hopeful finding. On an individual level, teens that spent more time interacting with friends online also spent more time with friends in person.
A.A large number of teenagers own smart phones. |
B.They were also less bored and in a better mood. |
C.Some people kept their phones out next to them. |
D.But how does this affect our relationship with other people? |
E.Our online and offline worlds aren’t always a zero-sum game. |
F.Phone use prevents individuals from fully focusing on the present moment. |
G.The rise in screen time has gone hand in hand with decreased life satisfaction. |
【推荐2】The widespread application of internet technology has made our lives easier but poses a big challenge to senior citizens, who are not always comfortable with smart phones and so many new apps.
In China, only a few senior citizens are able to enjoy the benefits that new technologies offer. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, the number of people aged 60 and above was 253.88 million in 2019, that is 18 percent of China's population. But only 23 percent of the senior citizens were able to access the internet. That means more than three-fourths of the elderly are deprived of the digital convenience.
Failure to access the internet or use smart phones has increased difficulties for them. They cannot even take a taxi easily in this era of app cabs. There have been reports of many shops turning away elders who don't know how to pay using smart phones, instead of letting them pay in cash. Many elders who can't use smart phones are facing difficulties during this pandemic, as they cannot access the internet-based health code required for entry into many public places as part of the epidemic prevention and control measures.
New technologies become popular because they are often of great use in our daily lives. But many senior citizens, especially those living in rural areas or those whose grownup children don't live with them, cannot access the internet or smart phones, either because of financial restrictions or because they cannot learn new things beyond a certain point. The digital gap between the elderly and the young is becoming more pronounced.
However, the senior citizens should not become a silent group deprived of digital benefits. It is society's responsibility to help them bridge the digital gap, and be patient with them when they face difficulties keeping pace with times.
1. What do we learn from the text?A.Not all the elderly are able to enjoy the smart life services. |
B.Internet technology has made everyone's life easier. |
C.About one-fourth people have easy access to the internet. |
D.Smart phones and apps are not designed for the elderly. |
A.Many elders don't know how to hire a taxi. |
B.Many elders always go shopping without their smart phones. |
C.Many elders have trouble in using the health code. |
D.Many elders are not allowed to enter public places during the pandemic. |
A.Predictable. | B.Obvious. | C.Avoidable. | D.Narrow. |
A.Digital gap makes everything harder. |
B.Grownup children should live with the elderly with digital problems. |
C.The society should be responsible for the elderly's digital problems. |
D.The internet technology provides easy lives for seniors in all respects. |
【推荐3】Moutai, China’s largest baijiu maker, and domestic coffee brand Luckin Coffee on Monday launched in China a latte advertised as containing the fiery Chinese spirit baijiu, as the Chinese luxury liquor maker aims to pull in younger consumers. And the truth is, once released, the drink quickly sold out.
The latte, decorated with the iconic Moutai logo, contains less than 0.5 percent (alcohol by volume) of 53 degree Moutai, and soon became one of the most discussed topics on Chinese social media with people curious about how traditional Chinese liquor would taste with coffee.
In Beijing, the Moutai-flavored latte sold out in some Luckin Coffee locations before midday. And many had to shut down their online ordering system as orders surged. “It seems that people prefer iced latte, so we quickly used up the ice in the branch. The number of orders is scary, ” said a barista (咖啡师) surnamed Zhang. She said she had no choice but to temporarily stop the online ordering system at around 1:30 pm because there were more than 200 orders still to be completed and almost all of them were for the Moutai-flavored latte.
People have been sharing their reactions after trying the latte on social media, with most agreeing that the aroma of the baijiu is very strong. Some people said they even felt dizzy after drinking the coffee due to its alcohol content.
Some also wondered whether they would be allowed to drive after drinking the latte. In response, Luckin Coffee stated that underage people, pregnant women, drivers and those who are allergic to alcohol are advised not to order the drink. On Monday, an officer from the Beijing Traffic Administration Bureau also asked people not to drive, no matter how much alcohol is actually in the latte.
1. What is the netizens reaction to the combination of liquor and coffee?A.They are indifferent to the new latte. | B.They strongly support its update. |
C.They have a strong desire to taste. | D.They think it is too tradition to try. |
A.Declined suddenly. | B.Moved quickly. |
C.Emerged orderly. | D.Increased greatly. |
A.Students who are in primary school. | B.Elders who are healthy enough. |
C.Women who have given birth for years. | D.Passengers who are taking a bus. |
A.To advertise. | B.To introduce. | C.To persuade. | D.To entertain. |
【推荐1】In a street largely unchanged since it was built in the 1800s, Hobart’s Battery Point is probably the last place you would expect to find a farm.
In one corner of Peter Handy’s backyard is a controlled environment unit that houses vertical pastures (垂直牧场), the first of its kind in the southern hemisphere (半球). Mr. Handy is changing the definition of what it means to be a farmer. “I know it’s really funny, because when people say to me, ‘Where’s your farm?’, I’ll say ‘it’s in Battery Point’ and they’re like, ‘No, there’s no farms in Battery Point’,” he said “People think the Martians have landed because we’ve got this massive, big pink light that comes out of it from the bottom but other than that, they’d have no idea.”
Not just a backyard project, Mr. Handy is running a business. “It’s here because I need to be as close to my customers, the chefs and restaurants of Hobart,” he said. “I aim to use the least amount of food miles as possible and make this a super-efficient business.”
Using LED lights and hydroponic nutrients, the farm grows leafy greens, root vegetables and flowering plants. “I don’t have to worry about floods, wind, wild animals, electric fences, turning the soil over,” Mr .Handy said. Using 95 percent less water than traditional farming, the farm ticks the box environmentally. “I mean, this is definitely not the answer to food sustainability in the world. But it’s definitely a part of it.”
Science writer Julian Cribb believes a world food crisis is coming, due to a combination of loss of water, loss of topsoil, climate change and overuse of poisons. “We’re going to need to change the nature of the way we produce food and change the human diet at the same time,” he said, “and new urban farming methods would see most of the world’s great cities feeding themselves.”
Mr. Cribb said Australia was still quite a way off from adopting urban farming. But he believes that it poses a rather unique opportunity for Australian farmers to sell their expertise to cities, teaching people to grow food in urban environments.
1. What might people think of Mr. Handy’s farm?A.Scared. | B.Impressed. |
C.Disappointed. | D.Confused. |
A.It is not affected by weather. |
B.It mainly plants and sells flowers. |
C.It serves customers from near and far. |
D.It is the solution to food sustainability. |
A.To praise his contribution to science. |
B.To explain how urban farming works. |
C.To stress the necessity of urban farming. |
D.To present the seriousness of the food crisis. |
A.Cities are struggling to get food. |
B.Technology is changing people’s life. |
C.Peter Handy is a successful businessman. |
D.Food production is being moved into cities. |
【推荐2】There are so many choices when you go shopping. You have to check the sell — by dates so that you know how long you can store and use the food you are purchasing.
But do you know that the best sell — by dates on food packaging don't really tell you if the food is safe to eat. The food may not last as long as it says if it isn't stored correctly at any point of the distribution chain. Now there is food packaging that can detect and change colors if the food has gone bad.
Each American wastes 103 pounds of spoiled food out of the refrigerator every year. The new smart packaging from Primitives Biodesign—a new company that operates out of a lab at Indibio, a biotech accelerator in San Francisco-can help to reduce this huge waste of food.
The basic material that doesn't contain sensing material is made from algae and can block oxygen more effectively than regular film, so the food stays fresher for a longer time. Since it is made from a natural substance, it can also break down in nature.
Making the film smart is the thorny part. Luckily, the team managed to use a process that is like the way nature responds to changes in the environment. The mechanism responds like the way flowers emit compounds to change colors.
“It could be supplement packaging that indicate when it's been tampered with by changing color to tell you that it's no ledger safe," says Kan. She explained that the new packaging can be used on food products to fell if the food has turned bad before someone has to smell or taste it.
The company has proven in lab tests that the technology works and now they are working on how to develop commercial uses for it. The added safety features will come out later. Helping to control food waste in products like meat or cheese which have high greenhouse gas emissions will also help to reduce climate change.
1. What can we infer from paragraph 2?A.Storing food properly is very important. | B.The color of food packaging is not clear. |
C.Regular food packaging is of little value. | D.It's not hard to control distribution chains. |
A.Changeable. | B.Interesting. | C.Natural. | D.Difficult. |
A.It is too thin to block oxygen. | B.It is really good for the environment. |
C.It is perfect for commercial uses. | D.It is sensitive to pleasant smells. |
A.Smart Packaging Tells If Food Is Safe to Eat | B.Sensing Materials Indicate the Color of Food |
C.A Great Team Is Concerned With Food Safety | D.Old Packaging Slows Down Climate Change |
【推荐3】Languages are renewed (更新) by people, stories and topical events everyday. The same situation goes with English. Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating new words, and we are often able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may really know where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburg. They did not speak good English, but they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef, they asked the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered, “We come from Hamburg.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of beef like those which the men from Hamburg ate. Then he put each between two pieces of bread and started selling them. Such bread came to be called “hamburgers”. Today “hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world. It became the signature dish in fast food restaurant such as McDonald and KFC. The word and the food spread widely in the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. This reason, for most English words, can be found in any large English dictionary. Others lie in the words of mouth of folks from different countries.
1. What can we learn about English in the first paragraph?A.English has the same history as Chinese. |
B.English has a larger vocabulary than other languages. |
C.English vocabulary is in the continuous development. |
D.It is difficult to know where a new English word comes from. |
A.A city in Germany. | B.A round piece of beef. |
C.A kind of fast food. | D.The name of a village. |
A.Where all the new words come from. |
B.Where those Germans came from. |
C.The reason why a word has a certain meaning. |
D.The reason why English is spoken around the world. |
A.The European. | B.The British. | C.The Germans. | D.The Americans. |
A.Creative English Speakers | B.Interesting Origin of English Words |
C.The Beginning of Hamburgers | D.Americans’ Love of Hamburgers |