In Brazil, the celebration is supposed to go on from the Saturday before Mardi Gras(四旬斋前的最后一天)to Mardi Gras Day, but in some Brazilian cities the celebration can last seven or eight days. Just like New Orleans, not many important things are decided in Brazil from New Year’s Day to Mardi Gras Day because everyone is preparing for or celebrating carnival. Most Brazilian parades have a subject, which could be political and historical. The parades had to have a subject related to Brazil until 1996. Some cities in Brazil do not have a street carnival but they might have an indoor ball.
Bolivia has carnival parades for children and then more parades for adults. The children dress up in costumes and march in the streets. The adults make traditional dance groups and dance in the streets. But the main part of Bolivia’s carnival is getting wet. Almost everyone gets wet from water balloons and water buckets. In Oruru, Bolivia, their carnival is held in the last ten days of the carnival season. People there participate in crafts and dancing, but their main carnival event is a ceremonial parade that lasts for twenty hours and parades for four kilometers. Over 20,000 dancers are involved as well as 10,000 musicians. This parade attracts at least 400,000 people.
The carnival in Venice, Italy is often regarded as the most carefully prepared carnival and lasts the ten days before Lent (四旬斋). Many events are held in the canals including shows, concerts, dances, and water processions(队列). The official ending to the celebration is the ball held in St. Mark’s Square.
1. What’s the best title of the passage?
A.Carnivals around the world. | B.History of carnival. |
C.Customs of carnival. | D.Carnival parades. |
A.all urban residents celebrate carnival for a week |
B.people prepare for or celebrate carnival after Mardi Gras Day |
C.the parades should have a subject related to Brazil |
D.not all cities have a street carnival |
A.children wearing costumes march in the streets |
B.adult dance groups dance in the streets |
C.people participate in crafts and dancing |
D.nearly all people are sprayed with water |
A.The time of celebrating carnival in Bolivia is mentioned. |
B.There are details and numbers about carnival celebrations in Bolivia. |
C.Events or performances for carnival celebrations in Bolivia are mentioned. |
D.Participants in the carnival celebration in Bolivia are mentioned. |
A.Louisiana. | B.Bolivia. |
C.Venice. | D.Brazil. |
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【推荐1】India is known for many colorful and fun festivals. But none is as popular as the festival of lights, Diwali, which is also called Deepavali.
The celebration begins on October 21st, with Dhanteras. For those who love shopping, this is the best day of the celebration. That’s because in addition to honoring Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of wealth, the day is also considered lucky to buy everything—from gold and silver ornaments (装饰品) to new clothes.
The following day is Kali Chaudas, or Narak Chaturdashi. For some Indians it is celebrated with good food and fireworks. For others, it is the time to drive out bad spirits from homes. No matter how it is celebrated, everyone’s mind is already focused (集中) on the big day that comes after—Diwali!
Diwali begins with a visit to temples where prayers (祷告) will be given. Then families and friends get together and celebrate by exchanging gifts and sweets. Those who missed the opportunity to buy goods on Dhanteras can make up for it on this equally lucky day. In the evening, households light up their homes with oil lamps and prepare delicious Indian food. Then starts the real fun—fireworks! What makes the displays exciting is that everyone gets to create his/her own show by lighting up their favorite fireworks.
For Indians, Diwali also marks the end of the year. They will celebrate the first day of the New Year the following day.
The final day of the festival honors the relationships between brothers and sisters and is celebrated with more special food and prayers.
For kids, Diwali is like Christmas, except earlier. They get a week’s vacation from school! It is no wonder that most kids consider Diwali the best festival of all.
1. On Kali Chaudas, people will do the following EXCEPT .A.eat great food | B.play with fireworks |
C.honor Lakshmi | D.drive out bad spirits |
A.go shopping | B.receive goods |
C.give prayers | D.celebrate Dhanteras |
A.relatives to visit each other |
B.neighbors to improve relationships |
C.friends to meet and have fun together |
D.brothers and sisters to deepen their relationships |
A.Diwali is the longest festival in India. |
B.Indian New Year starts from October 24th. |
C.The celebration of Diwali lasts for a week. |
D.Indians think gold can bring them good luck. |
【推荐2】The exam comes in July. When the exam finishes, the summer vacation begins. Boys and girls have two months to rest. The summer vacations are the best part of a year for most children. The weather is usually good. They can swim, go to summer camp or visit other places with their parents.
We all know that the beaches are good places to relax. Some children are lucky to live near the sea. They can enjoy the sea at any time. But for the children who live far from the sea, they go to the beaches for only one or two weeks with their parents.
Why do children like spending their summer vacation on the beaches? It is because they like the sand, the sun, the cool wind and the salt water. There are a lot of new things to see, nice things to eat and exciting things to do.
1. School children usually have exams ______.A.in July | B.before July | C.after July | D.by July |
A.Two weeks. | B.Two months. | C.Three months. | D.One or two weeks. |
A.Because the weather is good. | B.Because it is long. |
C.Because they have lots of activities and the weather is good. | D.Because they can go to the beaches. |
A.any time they want | B.for one or two weeks |
C.two months | D.one month |
A.Children like going to the beaches only because they can see lots of new things. |
B.Most parents can take their children to the beaches and they can enjoy the sea at any time. |
C.Parents like the summer vacation best. |
D.Children can swim and enjoy the sand, wind and water on the beaches. |
【推荐3】McDonalds, KFC, Burger King, Jack in the Box... These fast food companies have something in common. Can you spot it?
Besides all being fast food chains, they’re all red. And it’s not a coincidence. Color is one of the many strategies companies use to connect with customers. And if swearing (发誓) off fast food wasn’t hard enough, those colorful red logos might make it even harder to ignore.
Fast food companies all use the color red heavily in their logos. Why? The answer goes back thousands of years. The average human can see ten million colors, but red is special. It’s one of the first colors our ancient ancestors thought important enough to name. In early human languages, there were words for “black!” and “white” and “red” but not much else. In fact, blue didn’t show up until thousands of years later in 200 A. D.
As a result, we have a deeper connection to red than any other color and we react to it in certain ways that actually play to fast food companies’ advantage. For starters, researchers have found that red can bring a sense of urgency into our minds. In addition to that, it also has a born ability to whet our appetites (胃口). And when you pair those two together you’ve got the perfect recipe to attract hungry customers who want fast food, so that red logo isn’t just a welcoming sign, it’s an attraction to your brain.
In fact, red is one of the few colors today that cultures all over the world view positively. And it’s no wonder companies dedicate (奉献) so much thought to their logos. After all, we’re a visual creature. Despite having five senses, 80% of the information our brains process on a daily basis comes from our eyes. Colors are what give brands that impressive stamp of recognition.
1. Why do fast food companies prefer the color red?A.To highlight the importance of red in human history. |
B.To help customers out in case of emergency. |
C.To welcome and fascinate customers. |
D.To make themselves special. |
A.Lose | B.affect | C.increase | D.exchange |
A.Positive. | B.Uncertain. | C.Doubtful. | D.Negative. |
A.Color Psychology: a Fun Study |
B.Why Are So Many Fast Food Logos Red? |
C.Food Culture: a Healthy Trend |
D.Why Are Fast Food Companies So Popular? |
【推荐1】Making my way slowly along the cliff (悬崖) face, I gazed (注视) at the great appearance of each temple I passed. As I entered the first cave and looked up at the feitian—an imagined flying god in Buddhist art, I wondered how many hundreds of thousands of others, from near and far, have looked at the same great paintings and statues.
Sometime between the 4th and 14th century, Mogao was an important Buddhist center connecting East Asia and South Asia. Hundreds of caves were carved into a cliff face running along the Daquan River. Located on the ancient Silk Road, one of the great trade routes in ancient times, it created an environment of artistic and cultural exchange between the different cultures.
My personal adventure to Dunhuang had taken me, by way of train and bus, from Xining in Qinghai Province to Lanzhou in Gansu Province, and through the Jiayu Pass. From there, I continued on through Yumen Pass, also known as the Jade Gate, and crossed the Gobi Desert to find this small and sleepy desert town, and to see these caves for myself.
As I explored the temples,I was amazed by the vividness (生动性) of the paintings and statues. It was almost as though they were painted or carved the day before. I had discovered the reason why people travel.
There are more than 2,000 coloured statues that were carved 1,500 years ago. More than 1,400statues are well-protected so they can still be appreciated. During the thousand years of artistic activity,the style of the wall paintings and statues changed. The early caves show greater Indian and Western influences,while during the Tang Dynasty the influences of Chinese painting styles became noticeable.
Today, the Mogao Caves stand out from the desert like a shinning pearl on the Silk Road.
1. What do we know about Mogao?A.It was a Buddhist center in West Asia. | B.It can be easily reached by train and bus. |
C.It has carved caves on Daquan Mountains. | D.It was the meeting point for different cultures. |
A.![]() | B.![]() |
C.![]() | D.![]() |
A.The well-protected temples. | B.The large number of tourists. |
C.The preserved coloured statues. | D.Some paintings made not long ago. |
A.Highly developed. | B.Plain. | C.Culturally mixed. | D.Noticeable. |
A.Style Changes Over Years | B.The Pearl of the Silk Road |
C.Influential Western Culture | D.My Views on Dunhuang |
【推荐2】Humans have two different ages. There is chronological age (实际年龄), which measures how much time a person has spent on Earth, and then there is biological age, referring to how old a person seems. Many lifestyle factors like diet, exercise and psychological state can impact someone’s biological age.
A new study from Deep Longevity, the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Stanford University found that feelings that cause poor mental health like sadness, loneliness and general unhappiness add an extra 1.65 years to a person’s biological age. Meanwhile, smoking can add up to 1.25 years and suffering from restless sleep can add 0.44 years to a person’s biological age. However, being currently married can reduce 0.59 years, according to the study.
As part of the study, researchers said they came up with a new “aging clock” based on data from 4,846 Chinese adults in 2015 as part of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.
The data included 16 blood biomarkers (生物标志物) like cholesterol and glucose levels as well as other health information like blood pressure, body mass index, lung function and so on.
Researchers compared the chronological age of CHARLS participants with the ages predicted by their new “aging clock”. The results found that the new age was roughly 5.6 years older than the CHARLS participants’ actual ages. The team also found that smokers and those with a history of stroke, liver or lung disease were predicted to be older than the remaining 4,451 healthy adults.
“Chronological age isn’t how old we really are,” said professor David Sinclair, co-director of the Paul Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging at Harvard Medical School. “We all age biologically at different rates according to our genes, what we eat, and how much we exercise. Biological age is what determines our health and ultimately our lifespan. Biological age is a number of candles we really should be blowing out. In the future, with advances in our ability to control biological age, we may have even fewer candles on our cake than the previous one.”
1. Which of the following has the biggest negative effect on our biological age?A.Smoking. | B.Poor sleep. |
C.Being married. | D.Feeling lonely. |
A.Most of them smoke. |
B.They aren’t in good health. |
C.They have a history of stroke |
D.Most of them live by themselves. |
A.Worried. | B.Pessimistic. |
C.Confident. | D.Ambiguous. |
A.What decides a person’s chronological age |
B.What adds years to a person’s biological age |
C.Chronological age — how old are you really? |
D.Biological age — you may be older than you are |
【推荐3】Getting a solid night’s rest when you’re sick can seem like an unattainable goal for any number of reasons. It’s difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep when you’re troubled by a stuffy nose, a constant cough, or other unbearable symptoms(症状). Fevers can make quality sleep even harder, thanks in part to fever dreams: especially vivid, unbelievable, or downright disturbing dreams that occur when you have a fever.
As the Sleep Foundation explains, fever dreams sometimes involve spatial distortion, such as moving walls and melting objects; threats or danger, which can be anything from insects to terrorists; and illness. If you were to have a dream fitting this description when you weren’t sick, you might just regard it as a common nightmare(噩梦). But since people seem to experience such strange dreams more often during fevers, it’s given rise to the idea that the two things must be linked.
While there’s a lot about fever dreams we don’t know, there is at least a little evidence supporting the theory that some people’s fever dreams are different from their regular dreams. In one study from 2016, researchers asked 62 people to describe past fever dreams and found them to be more unbelievable, more emotionally intense, and often negatively toned than regular dreams from an age and gender matched sample. Of the 164 people who participated in a 2020 survey, 100 reported fever dreams. The researchers noted that these dreams included more references to health and temperature sensations(感觉)compared to normal most recent dreams.
As for why fevers beget strange nightmares, scientists have some ideas. “One theory is that the brain doesn’t process sensations normally when we have a fever,” Dr Beth Malow, director of Vanderbilt University Medical Center’s sleep division, told Health in 2020. So burning up in your bed might just clearly show itself in a dream full of melting objects and seemingly unrelated dangers.
1. What might not make you fail to attain quality sleep according to the text?A.Having a blocked nose. | B.Coughing constantly. |
C.Having dreams. | D.Catching a fever. |
A.People will certainly dream of some threats or dangers during fevers. |
B.Fever dreams might make people ill. |
C.Fever dreams are often viewed as common nightmares. |
D.People are more likely to have nightmares during fevers. |
A.Fever dreams are more incredible to young people. |
B.Fever dreams may bring stronger emotions. |
C.Fever dreams occur more frequently. |
D.Fever dreams may result in higher body temperature. |
A.Cause. | B.Get. | C.Reach. | D.Explain. |