Is achieving ZPG good or bad? What happens when a country’s population begins to drop? Many people,after all,believe that population decline is a good thing.But is it good for everyone? Does everyone agree?
An aging population can create many problems.Senior citizens require more health care and medical attention.Rather than paying into retirement programs,they begin to draw from their pensions.In the US,the Social Security program,according to many experts,will be used up by 2018.It will pay out more money than it takes in.Additionally, a great number of jobs go begging in search of people willing or entry。level positions that pay low wages.With an able to do them.Many of these jobs are aging population,who will fill them? At the other extreme,some positions require a large number of training and highly specialized skills.Who will fill these positions as retirees leave the workforce?
The answer to the problem of declining and aging population is simple:increased migration.Today many people,particularly those from less developed countries,are migrating in search of employment.Many are willing to take jobs that cannot(or will not) be filled by the domestic population.Others are well educated and highly skilled.Both groups contribute to a country’s economy progress in many ways.Further, they add to the richness of a country’s culture.Of greatest importance,perhaps,is the fact that they have become absolutely necessary to the economy of many lands.As you can see,for many countries and for most immigrants,migration is a win—win situation.
1. In the writer’s view,which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Not everyone agrees that achieving ZPG is absolutely good. |
B.Achieving ZPG is every country’s aim in spite of its side effects. |
C.Achieving ZPG is bad for senior citizens. |
D.Achieving ZPG is good for employment. |
A.to improve the health care system | B.to increase RNI |
C.to increase employment | D.to increase migration |
A.people within the country | B.people from developing countries |
C.people without a college education | D.people living abroad |
A.the advantages of increased migration |
B.the problem of declining and aging population |
C.how to increase migration |
D.some ways to enrich a country’s culture |
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【推荐1】Many of us share an incredible bond with our pets. They provide companionship, bring happiness and for some even provide a sense of purpose. So, when a pet passes away—or goes missing or is stolen—it can trigger (引发) all sorts of painful emotions.
You are normal
Some may not understand how upsetting the loss of a pet can be and can make you feel you’re overreacting. You should not feel ashamed of your emotions, and the grieving process can’t be forced or sped along. Be patient with yourself.
Bottling up your feelings will only make matters worse in the long run. Don’t be afraid to show your emotions. It’s okay to cry or feel angry, after all you have lost someone very special and dear to you. Don’t be hard on yourself if some days are more difficult than others.
Open up
A.Don’t ignore the pain |
B.Pets can be our best companions |
C.Life can suddenly feel very empty |
D.There will be events that cause your sorrow |
E.Avoid the items and places related to your pet |
F.Talking about your feelings and your pet can really help |
G.Understand that what and how you are feeling is perfectly normal |
Sixteen-year-old Jessica remembers once when some kids at her school wrote cruel things about her on the web. “They were just making fun of me,” she says. They said she’s really ugly, she’s this, she’s that, blah-blah-blah.
Jessica’s 11-year-old sister, Emma, admits she’s used the web to write bad things about another girl, though she regrets it now. “After a while, you may feel like, how could I have been so mean? Or, why did I do that?” she says.
Experts say gossip on the Internet can be more harmful than the old fashioned kind. It lasts longer and is taken more seriously. And, unlike ugly words on the bathroom wall, there’s no way to get rid of it.
If your kids are victims(受害者) of online gossip, Dr. Commanday suggests putting the gossip in to perspective (正确看待). “Point out to them how what’s being said on the screen differs from what everyone knows about you as a person,” Dr. Commanday says.
You can also try what worked from Emma: keep your kids off the offensive (冒犯的) website! “When she was using it all the time, her name was there all the time. People were writing things about her,” explains Patti Thrift, Emma’s mother, “Since she has no longer had access to that, she’s no longer a topic of conversation.”
1. From the examples of Jessica’s sister, we can learn that ________.
A.ugly girls like to spread gossip online |
B.ugly girls easily become victims of online gossip |
C.gossip-makers can regret what they do |
D.online gossip is mainly some jokes on others |
A.It is written words. |
B.It cannot be removed easily. |
C.It is much uglier. |
D.It is easier to believe. |
A.give some tips on how to prevent hurt of gossip on the Internet |
B.list the difference between the old fashioned gossip and gossip on the Internet |
C.advise students to keep away from the Internet |
D.introduce different kinds of hurt students might meet with |
【推荐3】From difficult bosses to potential layoffs, work can be full of challenging situations. You may wonder whether to step back from your career and further your education to better your life.
Do I have the necessary resources (财力) to make this happen?
You may be better served by professional certificates, or conferences, instead of a college degree. Wait until you’ve done some research and know what would best suit you, Reach out to your network to see if you can identify people who are already in the positions you desire to be in. Ask them what types of training programs they would recommend.
Do I know what to go back to school for?
What type of program/ degree would best serve your interests?
Is it really education that’s holding me back, and not something else?
If you’re sure it’s schooling, then maybe it really is time to go back. However, make sure you know it’s not other factors like company culture. Going back to school is a big undertaking, so you have to make sure it’s the right solution.
A.Is it too late to go back to school |
B.What options make the most sense |
C.You will be trained for good paying jobs |
D.Not all education programs will do that equally |
E.How will further education impact your resources |
F.It’s tough to determine if more education is necessary |
G.If it’s company culture, find a new organization that suits you |
Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland, the Netherlands. Unlike most of the Netherlands, Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand. Once called the Garden of Amsterdam, it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests. They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness. For Dutch people, Hilversum is all about textile (纺织) and media industries, and modern architecture.
In history, Hilversum was largely an agricultural area. Daily life was marked by farming, sheep raising and wool production. A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum. They build themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town. One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers, currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands. They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum. But the textile boom lasted only several decades. The last factory closed in the 1960s.
The change to a media economy started in 1920, when the Nederlandse Seintoestedllen Fabriek (NSF) established a radio factory in Hiversum. Most radio stations called in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town. Television gave another push to the local economy. Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands, and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.
In the early 1900s, modern architcts W.M. Dudok and J. Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum. These modern architectural masterpieces (杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum. Dudok alone shaped most 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characters. His masterpiece, Hilversum Town Hall, was built in 1928-1931. It has wide international fame and is included in many architecture textbooks. The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”. Actually, one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M. Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.
1. Hilversum is different from most of the Netherlands in that ______.
A.it has a large population |
B.it is cut off from big cities |
C.it has many beautiful gardens |
D.it is in a hilly area with sandy soil |
A.Building a railway link to Amsterdam |
B.Helping its textile industry to develop |
C.Constructing large villas for the poor |
D.Assisting its agricultural industry |
A.a radio factory |
B.the medial capital |
C.a radio station |
D.a TV station |
A.It consists of approximately 75 buildings |
B.It looks like an open air museum in the city |
C.It is a classic example in architecture textbooks |
D.It has shaped most of 20th century Hilvesum. |
【推荐2】For the past 3000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash. From buying food to settling bar tabs, day-to-day dealings involved paper or clinking bits of metal. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off — tapping your plastic on a terminal or swiping a smartphone has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich economies. That will make the economy more efficient, but it also poses new problems that could hold the transition hostage.
Countries are eliminating(消除)cash at varying speeds. But the direction of travel is clear, and in some cases the journey is nearly complete. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind the Nordic countries. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. But even there its dominance is being eroded. In China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand — younger consumers want payment systems that plug seamlessly(无缝地 )into their digital lives. But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms (in developed markets) and telecoms companies (in emerging ones) are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.
In the main, the prospect of a cashless economy is excellent news. Cash is inefficient. In rich countries, minting(铸造), sorting, storing and distributing it is estimated to cost about 0.5% of GDP. But that does not begin to capture the gains. When payments disappear, people and shops are less vulnerable to theft. Governments can keep closer tabs on fraud or tax evasion. Digitalization vastly expands the playground of small businesses and sole traders by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow.
1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?A.To show an example of using cash. | B.To introduce the main topic of the text. |
C.To present the development of cash. | D.To explain the history of digital payments. |
A.Sweden has completely eliminated cash. |
B.Digital payments have replaced cash in rich countries. |
C.Britain develops faster than China in digital payments. |
D.Both developed and developing countries are using cash less. |
A.The ways of digital payments. | B.The effects of cash dying out. |
C.The reasons for cash being endangered. | D.The importance of digital payments. |
A.Supportive. | B.Neutral. |
C.Indifferent. | D.Disapproving. |
【推荐3】Apples, oranges and other fruit should be kept in the fridge to last long, new supermarket labels will say, in a move which could tell the end of the traditional fruit bowl. The labels will form part of the Government-backed guidance to help consumers reduce the amount of food they throw by changing advice on packs of supermarket food.
Under the plan supermarkets will introduce a new “Little Blue Fridge” sign for food which should be kept chilled(冷藏), or benefit from being kept in the fridge to prevent it going off. The sign will appear on much food which is not usually kept in the fridge. For example the Waste and Resources Action Program (WRAP) pointed out that apples, oranges and pears, which are usually kept in a fruit bowl, should in fact be stored in the fridge.
Dr. Andrew Parry, a special advisor on food and drink, said, “Most fresh fruit and vegetables will keep fresher for longer if kept in their packaging and in the fridge. Generally a good way to manage fruit at home is to take out enough into the fruit bowl—if you prefer it at room temperature; but use your fridge as cold storage for the majority. This will give you more time to enjoy your food, and help cut down on waste.”
Environment Minister Thérèse Coffey said, “We know that confusing(难以理解的) labels can lead to food waste by suggesting that edible items need to be thrown away sooner. This new guidance will make packaging much clearer for consumers, saving them money and reducing waste. I encourage all food businesses, large and small, to use this guidance to help them put the right date mark on food and help to guide people on the freezing products which are crucial(至关重要的)to reducing the amount of edible food thrown away.”
Heather Hancock, chairman at the Food Standards Agency, said, “I think this clear guidance can help deal with food waste, without damaging the safety of food. It will help businesses supply food that is properly described and stored, and safely provided to consumers.”
1. According to the text, what is in line with the goal of the Government-backed guidance?A.It encourages business. | B.It lowers goods prices. |
C.It helps cut down on waste. | D.It improves product quality. |
A.The plan newly put forward by the government. |
B.The common fruit and vegetables kept in the fridge. |
C.Effects of the new “Little Blue Fridge” sign on food. |
D.Supermarkets’ reaction to the Government-backed guidance. |
A.Eatable. | B.Bad. | C.Fresh. | D.Packaged. |
A.Critical. | B.Cold. | C.Positive. | D.Disappointed. |
【推荐1】The Internet is an amazing tool, especially for children who want to learn. But it also has dark side. Parents have to ask themselves, “When is the right time to let my child go online?”
This is a much bigger problem than it used to be. Now we live in a time when a family could have more than one computer. It is common for children to have their own computers or laptops. Some also have phones and tablets (平板电脑).
Parents do have difficulty in acting correctly. On the one hand, it would be foolish to keep children from the Internet as they can learn a lot from it. But on the other hand, parents shouldn’t let children do whatever they like on the Internet. The problem is that everybody is busy nowadays, and this is certainly true for parents. How many parents have the time to sit don with their kids when they do their homework online? Some do, but more are just not able to.
So at what age should children be allowed to use the Internet? According to a survey, the average age when parents allow their children to go online independently is about eight years old.
As a nonparent (无子女者),I do find it hard to agree. I always believe that education is the key to success. However, I think children as young as eight may face a lot of dangers when they use the Internet without parents being around. So I think schools and parents have the responsibility to teach children not only how to use the Internet, but also how to do it safely.
1. What does the author want to tell in paragraph 2?A.It is very easy for children to use the Internet. |
B.Parents spend more time online than their kids. |
C.Computers or laptops aren’t common at home. |
D.Parents don’t care about their kids going online. |
A.They have a lot of time to look after their kids. |
B.They have no trouble in acting in a correct way. |
C.They are unwilling to help their kids with homework. |
D.They can’t stay with them when their kids study online. |
A.parents should keep their kids away from the Internet |
B.kids will not face dangers when they use the Internet |
C.it’s unnecessary to cut out harmful information online |
D.kids should be taught to use the Internet in a proper way |
A.Reasons for Children to Use the Internet |
B.The Age for Children to Use the Internet |
C.The Effects of Children’s Using the Internet |
D.Ways to Keep Children Away from the Internet |
【推荐2】“Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never harm me,” is an old saying my fourth-grade teacher once told me. I grew up thinking as long as people didn’t physically hurt each other, hurtful words were to be tolerated, but I changed my mind after reading Linda O’Connell’s story, Two Little Words with a Big Impact. She discussed two words: “and” and “but”, and explained how “but” can be one of the most destructive words.
Then I realized I had been hurt by the word “but”, and that I had wounded others, too, by using the word thoughtlessly. For example, when I was a teacher and edited my students’ stories, I would always say their content was good, but then I would add comments such as “but you need to make your characters more realistic.” I could have said, “Your content is good and making your characters more believable will make it even better.
In setting up guidelines for commenting on writers, I realize we need to praise each other, make helpful remarks, and then praise each other again, without using the word” but. “I remember a college professor who said,” There is no such thing as constructive criticism. Criticism is criticism. She has now passed on, but her words remain with me always.
My fourth-grade teacher’s quote was aimed at what she thought was harmless playground teasing, but even teasing hurts. Today, we can read sad news related to many stories where people have been terribly hurt by ugly words and suffered a lot. Now I realize the importance of thinking before speaking, even to avoid seemingly unimportant words like “but.” Sticks and stones break our bones, but thoughtless words also do harm. They can leave marks for a lifetime.
1. What changed the author’s attitude to hurtful words?A.A teacher’s advice. |
B.His personal experience. |
C.A college professor’s words. |
D.A story by Linda O’Connell. |
A.The author used “but” too often. |
B.The author could tolerate criticism. |
C.The misuse of “but” can hurt others. |
D.Realistic characters are needed in writing. |
A.Honest and warm-hearted. | B.Devoted and co-operative. |
C.Optimistic and open-minded. | D.Caring and self-reflective. |
A.The benefits of learning from mistakes. |
B.The long-lasting effect of hurtful words. |
C.The importance of using words thoughtfully. |
D.The difference between physical and emotional harm. |
【推荐3】To battle the plagiarism (抄袭), some schools in America have responded to ChatGPT by taking action, according to the New York Times.
New York City public schools, for example, recently prevented ChatGPT access on school computers and networks, saying “concerns about negative influence on students learning, and concerns about the safety of content.” Schools in other cities, including Seattle, have also limited its use.
A US online course provider Study.com recently asked 1,000 students over the age of 18 about the use of ChatGPT in the classroom. The responses were surprising. Around 89 percent said they’ve used it on homework. Over 50 percent said they used ChatGPT to write an essay, while 22 percent admitted to having asked ChatGPT for a paper outline.
While the chatbot (聊天机器人) is raising fears of academic cheating on schools, some educators believe introducing the AI-ended tools to the academics could even overturn the traditional education.
“For researchers, finding valuable scientific problems and solving them in creative ways come first, and then writing academic papers. Some AI-enabled writing tools can create words or even write long text based on a few keywords shortly,” said Zhu Wei, a law professor in China. For example, ChatGPT helps writers gather writing materials for their papers, which not only increases the efficiency of the work, but also allows researchers to devote more energy to more creative work.
“Whether to use ChatGPT depends on whether to use it correctly. For those students who just use it to deal with homework or exams,” Zhu said, “this is putting the cart before the horse, which should be limited.” To avoid this problem, Zhu suggested introducing soft wares to help educators. He believes schools should accept ChatGPT as a teaching aid to unlock creativity in students. “The most important part of such tools is not to replace human thinking, but to improve human thinking.” Zhu said.
1. How does the author describe the results of Study.com’s research in Paragraph 3?A.By listing figures. | B.By conducting tests. |
C.By giving examples. | D.By referring to other studies. |
A.Disagreeable. | B.Supportive. | C.Objective. | D.Unconcerned. |
A.Showing how software is applied in schools. |
B.Giving examples of how students use ChatGPT. |
C.Listing advantages of using AI-ended tools properly in schools. |
D.Introducing ways to use ChatGPT to improve students’ creativity. |