Slang is a popular, less official and often very current form of language. It is an important part of a living language and is constantly changing as language changes. Slang is often playful, direct and sometimes less respectful than the more official and traditional version of language. So now I'm going to lay it on you! To “lay it on” is American slang for “to tell” or “to explain.”
Slang can take many forms. For example, slang can be local to one city or area. In Washington, D.C. there is a whole set of slang to describe politics and business in the city. For example, the term POTUS stands for President of the United States. POTUS can often be found with his wife, FLOTUS, the first lady of the United States. “Inside the Beltway” is a popular expression that describes the area of Washington, D.C. The beltway is the large highway that circles the city.
The Internet has helped create a whole new kind of computer-related slang. An “angry fruit salad” is an expression that describes a website with too many bright colors. “Netiquette” is slang for correct behavior when using the Internet.
Young people often develop the latest slang. For example, to say Special English “rocks” or is “phat” means Special English is really great. A “kegger” is a party where beer is served. If something is “wack”, it is wild and crazy.
Different professions often have their own slang as well. For example, medical workers might refer to a complaining patient as a “gomer”. A “tough stick” is someone whose veins are difficult to find when he or she needs to have blood taken.
No matter how well you speak English, there are always new and interesting slang words to discover. There are entire dictionaries for describing slang. Many experts do not even agree on what is and what is not slang. Often slang words later become a part of officially accepted language. Official or not, slang is an energetic and exciting part of the American language that continues to change.
1. Which of the following is NOT true for slang compared with the official language?A.Playful. | B.Direct. |
C.Less respectful. | D.More official. |
A.if you speak English very well, there is no problem for you to understand English speakers |
B.slang words are created by people in their daily life |
C.English speakers are clear whether it is a slang |
D.slang words will never be accepted as official language |
A.The internet. | B.Young people. |
C.President of the United States. | D.Professions. |
A.What is slang? | B.Slang is popular. |
C.Who creates slang? | D.Slang is a language. |
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【推荐1】Small talk is a good way to make friends. If you travel to other countries or have friends from abroad, do you know how to use small talk to make conversation?
In Britain, the best topic is the weather. British weather is changing all the time.
Besides weather, it’s good to talk about gardens with British. You could say “Those roses look really beautiful, don’t they?”
In America, people like to talk about sports news ,such as American football and basketball.
A.You can start chatting by saying “It’s a lovely day today, isn’t it?” |
B.There are also a lot of topics to avoid(避免) during small talk. |
C.Friends are important to us all, but how to make friends is a problem. |
D.Americans also talk about clothes. |
E.Politics or religion(宗教) is not a good topic for two people that have just met either. |
F.English people love their pets. |
G.Only a few topics are not used for small talk. |
【推荐2】Americans often try to say things as quickly as possible. So, for some expressions, we use the first letters of the words instead of saving each word. Many common expressions or long names are shortened this way.
B-Y-O-B is a short way of saying, “Bring Your Own Bottle.” The letters BYOB are often found at the bottom of a written invitation to a simple social, event or gathering of friends. For example, let’s say I had a New Year’s Eve party. I might include on the invitation. “Please come to my party and BYOB.” The bottle each person brings is what the person wants to drink at the party or wants to share.
However, an invitation to a special event -such as a wedding-would never say BYOB. An invitation to an official or very special event often has other letters written at the bottom. The letters are R-S-V-P. These letters represent the French expression “Repondez S'il Vous Plait.” In English the words mean “Respond If It Pleases You.” Americans use the letters as a short way to say, “Please answer this invitation.”
Another expression usually used for business and not parties is A-S-A-P. So, a colleague might say she needs something done ASAP. It means as soon as possible. She might also need something done by C-O-B. That means she wants to finish it by “Close Of Business” or the end of the work day.
Beginning letters are often used to represent the names of universities. A famous one is MIT. That is short for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Another major university is UCLA. Almost no one ever says its real name, the University of California at Los Angeles. That takes way too long!
1. Why do Americans like using the first letters of the words?A.They want to save time. | B.They think it interesting. |
C.They like doing things differently. | D.They love creating new expressions. |
A.B-Y-O-B. | B.B. R-S-V-P. | C.A-S-A-P. | D.C-O-B. |
A.By analyzing causes. | B.By listing examples. |
C.By following time order. | D.By making comparisons. |
A.To describe the unpopularity of the formal language. |
B.To explain the usage of some daily expressions. |
C.To advise people to speak more simple English. |
D.To introduce one of the Americans’ language habits. |
【推荐3】“Funny”, a made-in-China emoji, seems to have recently moved beyond China. Now, it is more than an emoji, but a cultural expansion.
● Reaching Global Markets
A series of “funny” emoji-based bolsters (抱枕) have attracted the attention of Japanese customers. Even if one bolster is more than three times as expensive as in China, it doesn’t kill their desires to buy it. One Japanese customer Miki said, “They are just so cute and I bought three bolsters at one time for my family. And every time I see them, my mood just brightens suddenly.”
A Japanese netizen Kiro Kara said, “I think the emoji implies very complicated meanings. My dad will send it when he doesn’t agree with someone but he has to say something and behave politely.”
● Addition to Domestic Social Media
Compared with Japanese impressions of the “funny” emoji, Chinese netizens prefer to use emoji to tease one another on social media.
One commonly seen online comment is, “We strongly suggest stopping the usage of the emoji. Because every time other people send me the emoji, I feel very uncomfortable and consider myself as a fool.”
Regarded as the most popular emoji, the “funny” emoji has received much attention since its release in 2013. In fact, the “funny” emoji is the updated version of its original one; “funny” has a smiley mouth, two eyebrows and a naughty look. All these characteristics present users a sense of satire (讽刺).
● In Everyday Use Abroad
It's not the first time the Chinese emoji takes the world stage. Earlier this year, one emoji from the Chinese basketball celebrity Yao Ming has been spread through the Middle East region. In a city in southern Egypt, Yao’s smiling emoji has appeared frequently in local traffic signs to remind people the road ahead is one-way. Many locals do not know Yao Ming but are familiar with his emoji and nickname “Chinese Funny Face”.
As a new online language, emojis have become a necessary part of people’s daily life, helping people express their views in a more vivid and precise way. Also, it can help foreigners learn about Chinese culture. But how to properly use “the fifth innovation in China” without hurting others and turn them into commercial advantages still need answers.
1. Why do the bolsters attract Miki’s attention?A.They are inexpensive. |
B.They help reach an agreement. |
C.They help brighten the mood. |
D.They are helpful to express desire. |
A. | B. |
C. | D. |
A.promote the emoji worldwide |
B.teach us how to use the emoji |
C.explain the meaning of emoji |
D.show us the popularity of the emoji |
Learn With Homer Price: Free Skill: Comprehension, Phonics(拼读法) Grade level : Pre-K, K Device: iPad It’s a learn-to-read app for kids aged 3 to 6 that includes drawing, voice recording , stories ,songs, and more , along with more traditional phonics exercises. This app can be helpful for kids who have speech production problems and language organization problems. |
Aesop’s Quest Price:$0.99 Skill: Comprehension, Grade level : 2nd, 3rd,4th Device: iPad,iPhone, iPod Touch Aesop’s Quest, based on Aesop’s Fables, is a learning game where the student must remember parts of a story to complete a level. At the end of each story level, the student is rewarded with tests. After solving the tests, the story is complete and the child can continue to the next story. Developed together with the Virginia Department of Education. |
LightSail Price: Free Skill: Comprehension Grade level: Pre-K, K, 1st, 2nd, 3rd ,4th, and above Device: iPad LightSail is an e-reading platform that helps teachers support their students’ independent reading. Students can use LightSail to check out texts from their schools’ online libraries and read the books directly on their iPad. As students progress through a book, questions appear to check their comprehension. As students complete assessments (评定) , they earn prizes. |
1. The app Learn With Homer can help users who have difficulty in ____.
A.singing songs | B.reading stories |
C.making speeches | D.learning foreign language |
A.It is developed mainly for teachers. |
B.It is connected to school libraries. |
C.It helps users complete school assessments. |
D.It develops users’ comprehension through games. |
A.They try to improve kids’ comprehension ability. |
B.They are developed for high-school students. |
C.They can be downloaded onto iPhones. |
D.They are free of charge. |
【推荐2】Los Angeles is always a popular holiday destination. To fully enjoy your travel there, you should know its food, weather, and also traffic. While driving in L. A. is similar to that in other areas, there are a few specific rules to note.
HOV lanes (车道)
On many L. A. freeways, one or more lanes at the far left are used as high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes. They usually have limited access and you can only enter or exit where there is a break in the double yellow line. Most HOV lanes require a minimum of two people in the car; some require three. Vehicles towing trailers (拖车) are NOT allowed in the HOV lane, regardless of how many people are in them.
Toll (收费) lanes
On certain freeways, the HOV lanes are double-purposed as toll lanes for people driving alone who have a FasTrak, an electronic toll collection system. Therefore, you also have to have one in that lane as a HOV, which is inconvenient if you’re just visiting. FasTrak is in effect on parts of the 110 freeway between the 405 and 10 freeways, and on parts of the 10 freeway east of Downtown L. A.
Cell phones
It is against the law to talk on a cell phone while driving without using a hands-free device. Holding a cell phone to your ear while driving will land you with a ticket.
Alcohol
Driving under the influence is taken seriously in L.A. The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08%, but you can be charged with lower levels if they show you can’t function normally. Placing an opened bottle of alcohol in the passenger area while driving (or sitting) is illegal. Any opened container of alcohol has to be transported in the trunk.
1. What do you know about HOV lanes?A.They encourage people to share cars. |
B.They are on the far right of freeways. |
C.They are intended for larger vehicles. |
D.They allow cars to enter over the double yellow line. |
A.Driving on the 110 freeway with a FasTrak. |
B.Putting the cell phone in the car while driving. |
C.Riding with an opened bottle of alcohol in back seats. |
D.Going below the blood alcohol limit of 0. 08%. |
A.A traffic law. | B.A road map. |
C.A guidebook. | D.A report. |
【推荐3】Getting hit on the head can cause a serious injury. Sometimes, even if a person feels okay, they may have a brain injury called a concussion (脑震荡). Even a good doctor can have trouble telling if a person has a concussion or not. And if a person is not careful and gets hurt again while they have a concussion, the problems can be even worse. Now Neurology researchers at the University of Pennsylvania think they may have found a solution—an easy-to-use two-minute reading test that can assess (评估) the possibility that a concussion has occurred.
The test was originally designed to test reading skills in children, but it also catches problems with vision and eye movements, which makes it useful for studying concussions. The test consists of a series of numbers arranged in zigzagging (锯齿) patterns on cards, which children read from left to right as quickly as possible. The Pennsylvania researchers tried out the test on boxers and martial (武术) arts fighters in a study earlier this year and found it worked well as a predictor of head injury.
The researchers gave the fighters the test before and after a match. Typically people can complete the test faster the more times they take it, says Laura Balcer, a lead author of the study. But the athletes who had experienced head injury during their fights read the cards more than 11 seconds slower when they took the test a second time. Fighters who had a concussion read the cards especially poorly, worsening by 18 seconds on average.
Now Balcer and her colleagues are studying the test’s ability to predict concussions in athletes who play football and other rough sports. Their goal is to create an evaluation tool that could serve as an early warning sign for coaches, who would need only the cards and their stopwatch to determine whether a player needs to be sent to a doctor.
1. What can we know about concussion?A.Concussions can be easily prevented and cured. |
B.It’s easy for doctors to test a person’s concussion. |
C.Repeated concussions can do great harm to the brain. |
D.People who get concussion may lose awareness soon. |
A.School children. | B.Football coaches. |
C.Rough sports players. | D.Boxers and martial arts fighters. |
A.By making comparison. | B.By giving an example. |
C.By interviewing some fighters. | D.By watching the players’ matches. |
A.To help children improve their reading skills. |
B.To help doctors tell if a person has a concussion. |
C.To help the athletes develop their potential ability. |
D.To help coaches identify a concussion at the scene. |