Cheating has been around forever, and millions of ways to cheat have been fashioned. Copying homework and cheat sheets are some of the most basic ways. Desperate students have even gone as far as to steal the test or scan in bottle wrappers and put answers into the nutrition label. The Internet has now become available in almost every location, which opens a doorway for even more methods of cheating to be born.
There are countless opinions on whether or not cheating can be justified. Students often rationalize their cheating by claiming they forgot to look over the material or did not understand what the teacher was saying. Some other reasons students believe cheating is justified are their heavy workloads and they are struggling to find time for school, sports and etc. The majority of students who think cheating is acceptable may believe the reason for this is that there is not enough time given for assignments, or that the information is too much for the course.
It may be difficult to accomplish, but cheating can be prevented. Teachers and professors have tried many options to stop cheating, from simply spreading test-takers out in a room, to expelling（驱逐）a student. One simple way to fix the problem is to scold the student when caught. They may be so scared or embarrassed that they never do it again. This is a risky way to prevent cheating in some cases, however, because it can possibly damage self-esteem. Another simple way to avoid cheating is to create many different kinds of the same test, but students still have the option of using other cheating tactics.
There may be a million ways to cheat and get away with it, but there are few times, if any, that it is justified. Cheating never has to be a necessity. This problem is spreading throughout America; with everyone's help, it can be stopped.
1. What does the underlined word “justified” probably mean in this passage?| A．reasonable | B．necessary |
| C．praiseworthy | D．preventable |
| A．they don't understand their teachers' words |
| B．they bury themselves in a lot of homework |
| C．they don't have enough time to complete the study tasks |
| D．they forget to look over the material |
| A．They may continue to cheat next time. |
| B．They may be hurt mentally. |
| C．They may use other cheating tactics. |
| D．They may get on badly with their teachers. |
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【推荐1】At least 12 other murders since 1997 have been linked to an addiction to violent video games. This year, the parents of a 14-year-old murder victim in the UK blamed the killer’s addiction to the game Manhunt, causing a government review of legislation（立法）to protect children.
But is there any scientific evidence that mere games can make children and young adults more aggressive, or possibly have the desire to murder？ There is no doubt children are being exposed to more games violence than ever: around a quarter of all games released in the US contain some violence. And the violence is becoming more obvious as increases in computing power make the games look ever more realistic.
Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies. Firstly, players are actively involved in violence, and may begin to use weapons as second nature. Secondly, violent games provide repetitive aggressive experiences that are rewarded by more killing.
Many studies have shown that people who play violent games regularly are more likely to show high levels of aggression. For instance, in 2000, Craig Anderson of Iowa State University in Ames and his colleague Karen Dill found that people who played violent games were more likely to admit to aggressive behaviour, including attacks or robberies.
Earlier this year, Krahe and her colleague Ingrid Miller reported a study of 13 to 14-year-old children. More than half had played games recommended only for over-18s. The more violent the games they played, the more they considered physical aggression to be acceptable. Other authors in the same edition report that children who play violent games more likely to argue with teachers and fight with others.
Experimental studies have also pointed out a possible link. In one, Anderson and Dill asked a group of students to play a violent game, Wolfenstein 3D, while another group played the non-violent Myst. Those who played the violent game were faster to react to aggressive words flashed on screen and appeared more aggressive.
The issue is controversial, however. Jeffrey Goldstein, a psychologist at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands and a consultant to some video games publishers, agrees that there is good evidence that children, who are exposed to violent media, including video games, are more aggressive. But he warns it might not be a simple case of cause and effect: aggressive kids might be most attracted to violent games.
1. What will be probably discussed in the paragraph following the passage?| A．Further research on the harm of violent games. |
| B．The results of more experimental studies. |
| C．Ways to protect children from violent games. |
| D．Further research on the advantage of violent games. |
| A．violent movies are not so attractive to children |
| B．the viewers can’t take part in violent movies |
| C．violent movies are not popular with children |
| D．children can win awards in violent games |
| A．There are at least 12 murders in 1997 linking with violent games. |
| B．Children who play computer games often quarrel with their teachers and parents. |
| C．The more violent games kids play, the more aggressive behaviors they are involved in. |
| D．The number of violence is increasing as a result of violent video games. |
| A．Games and Murder | B．Should Computer Games Become Lifelike？ |
| C．How to Play Violent Games | D．Violent Games or Non-violent Games？ |
1. What was the cause of the fire？
| A．A heavy rain. | B．High temperature. | C．Carelessness. | D．Fear. |
| A．At 00:17 am. | B．At 00:17 pm. |
| C．At seventeen past one | D．At seventeen to one |
| A．In Wuchang. | B．In Guangzhou. | C．In Hubei. | D．In Guangdong. |
| A．put out | B．put up | C．come up | D．come out |
| A．Northward. | B．Southward. | C．Eastward. | D．Westward. |
“Guess who sent them.”
The couple had much amusement in trying to find out the kind person who gave them the tickets, but failed in the effort. They attended the theatre, and had a pleasant time. On their returning home late at night, still trying to guess who in the world had sent them the tickets, they found their house rid of everything valuable. And on the table in the kitchen was a piece of paper on which was written in the same hand as the note with the tickets.
“Now you know!”
1. The young couple in the story ________.
| A．received many valuable gifts one morning |
| B．bought two tickets for a popular show one morning |
| C．got two tickets for a show from strangers |
| D．were invited to a popular show by their friends one morning |
| A．early in the morning that day |
| B．to look for the person who sent them the tickets |
| C．to enjoy themselves in the evening |
| D．and found the person who sent them the tickets also attended the show. |
| A．show friendship to them |
| B．let them go out for a fresh air |
| C．make fun of them on purpose |
| D．have them go and then steal the things in the house |
