It is widely known that any English conversation begins with the weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that "When two English meet, their first talk is of weather". Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that "To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it." Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive."Bryson is wrong,"he says, "because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty." According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank "fillers". In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.
1. The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that ____________.
A.most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson |
B.Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation |
C.the comment was accurate two hundred years ago |
D.English conversations usually start with the weather |
A.A social trend. | B.An emotional state. |
C.A historical concept. | D.An unknown phenomenon. |
A.To explain what English weather-speak is about. |
B.To analyse misconceptions about the English weather. |
C.To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman. |
D.To convince people that the English weather is changeable. |
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【推荐1】Chinese culture values family bonds (纽带)very much. Family members don't just gather during the holidays. In fact, they often live under one roof all year round.
In most East Asian cultures, extended families(大家庭)are common.
In many Western countries, most families are nuclear families (小家庭).These are made up of children and their parents.
Besides, the duties parents have toward their children can also be different.
In most Western countries, however, kids usually move out of the house after they turn eighteen.
While the East cares more about close family bonds, the West values privacy (隐私)and independence.
A.But in the end, east or west——home is best. |
B.But different cultures have different family values. |
C.Nuclear families are the most common type in China. |
D.Both Easterners and Westerners value quality family time. |
E.These families have three or even four generations living together. |
F.In China, many parents look after their children all the way into adulthood. |
G.Many young people need to take out loans and work part - time jobs to pay for college. |
【推荐2】The way we do things round here
Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started, “Dear John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.” Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”, while in British English it means “fairly”.
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don’t just mean the words people speak. It is the body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures.
Some of these differences may be only on the surface—dress, food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate, while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality(准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock, your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
1. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought_______.A.the American bank might hire another person |
B.the American bank didn’t think much of him |
C.it’s difficult to get used to American culture |
D.it’s easy to misunderstand Americans |
A.Ask the native people for help. |
B.Do things in your own way. |
C.Understand and accept them. |
D.Do in-depth research. |
A.Germans | B.Italians | C.Greeks | D.The British |
【推荐3】Young German Man Studies TCM in China
Wu Ming is a young German born after 1995. Wu is a big fan of Chinese culture, such as the Shaolin kung fu, a traditional Chinese martial art. He has been learning traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) since 2016, almost seven years. Now he is studying for his master’s degree at Henan University of Chinese Medicine.
As he thought some diseases can’t be treated thoroughly with Western medicine, he decided to dig into TCM. Wu came to Central China’s Henan province in 2015, where a strong TCM culture can be enjoyed. After one-year of learning Chinese language, he started to learn Chinese medicine. “TCM is one of the best-protected aspects of Chinese culture”, said Wu. He hopes to solve problems and understand Chinese culture deeply by learning TCM.
In the early stages, Wu always tasted some Chinese herbal medicine by himself, just like Shennong, a character in ancient Chinese stories, who tasted most of the herbal medicine himself. To overcome difficulties in communicating, he also learned and practiced Chinese, especially the Henan dialect (方言), as his teachers, schoolmates, and even some patients speak in Henan dialect in their daily conversations. Although sometimes he still has trouble telling the difference between Mandarin (普通话) and the dialect, he can use the Henan dialect to communicate with others.
Studying TCM also changed Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be addicted to electronic devices and stay up late every night, trapped in this fast but unhealthy daily life. But now, according to the Yin-Yang principle in TCM, he lives a balanced and peaceful life, practicing good habits such as drinking tea and reading ancient books.
In Wu’s opinion, there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. “We are the same. Misunderstanding comes from being out of touch”, said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic (诊所) in China or Germany after graduation, which could serve as a bridge between the two countries and attract public attention to TCM and its culture.
1. What is Wu’s purpose of studying TCM?A.To get his master’s degree. |
B.To prove his learning abilities. |
C.To test some Chinese herbal medicine. |
D.To better treat diseases and understand Chinese culture. |
A.By reading ancient Chinese books. |
B.By learning and practicing the Henan dialect. |
C.By asking his teachers, schoolmates and patients for advice. |
D.By studying the difference between Mandarin and the Henan dialect. |
A.He stays up late every night. | B.He lives a fast and healthy lifestyle. |
C.He is addicted to electronic devices. | D.He develops a good habit of drinking tea. |
A.lacking communication | B.language barrier |
C.being different from one another | D.mind and lifestyle |
A.Gentle. | B.Honest. | C.Passionate. | D.Outgoing. |