The meaning of the word “volunteer” may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means “one who offers his or her services”. There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteer don’t expect any kind of pay.
At the root of volunteering is the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresa’s homes in Calcutta. The following is her story.
“I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of work. So with two friends, I flew to Caltutta for a few weeks.”
“I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets and passed out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt it was better to share with them than to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I don’t think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.”
1. According to the text, a volunteer refers to a person who_______.| A．is willing to help those in need without pay | B．can afford to travel to different places |
| C．has a strong wish to be successful | D．has made a big fortune in life |
| A．She liked to work with Mother Teresa. |
| B．She had already had some experience. |
| C．She was asked by Mother Teresa. |
| D．She wanted to follow Mother Teresa’s example. |
| A．Going abroad to help the sick. | B．Working in Mother Teresa’s home. |
| C．Doing simple things to help the poor. | D．Improving oneself through helping others. |
| A．How to Be a Volunteer. | B．Voluntary Life in India. |
| C．A Different Meaning of Volunteer. | D．Inspiration from Mother Teresa. |
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【推荐1】Four best volunteer programs in Australia
When it comes to the tops of the top, the following programs are among the best volunteer programs in Australia.
Pacific Discovery
This 4-week program will offer you wonderful chances to combine volunteerism with surfing, hiking and exploring Australia’s cities. Volunteers also have the chance to combine their volunteer experience with connected programs in New Zealand and Fiji for a two-month summer experience.
Where? Blue Mountains, Brisbane, Cairns, Crescent Head, Fraser Island, Noosa, Queensland
When? 4 weeks, summer
Causes? Adventure Travel
Connect-123
Connect-123 offers volunteer activities to students, graduates, and professionals. There are over 50 fields and causes that you can choose from in your program, and you will receive full organizational support from the time of the planning process through to the post-travel experience and return home.
Where? Sydney
When?2-4 weeks, year-round
Causes? Social Work
IVHQ
IVHQ in Australia includes programs for couples and families. The programs are varied and known for being affordable and safe with full-service program support. What’s more, the marine conservation (海洋保护) efforts include work on the Great Barrier Reef, affording volunteers a valuable chance to work on an endangered ecosystem.
Where? Cairns, Great Barrier Reef
When? 2-3 weeks, summer; 2-4 weeks, winter
Causes? Marine Conservation
Oceans 2 Earth Volunteers
This program is focused on wildlife protection and care in Australia. Volunteers can enjoy a wide choice of activities such as collecting leaves for koala bears, cleaning beaches, and using GPS to track wildlife.
Where? Brisbane, Cairns, Geelong, Great Barrier Reef
When?1-2 weeks, 2-4 weeks, year-round
Causes? Environment, Marine Conservation
1. Which program will volunteers choose if they want to experience foreign programs?| A．Pacific Discovery. | B．Connect-123. |
| C．IVHQ. | D．Oceans 2 Earth Volunteers. |
| A．Reasonable price. | B．Personal security. |
| C．Marine conservation. | D．Family relationship. |
| A．A course plan. | B．A college poster. |
| C．A travel brochure. | D．A project handbook. |
【推荐2】When Ariella Pacheco of California was still a little girl, her parents let her pick out an American girl doll. She picked one that had the same hair color and style as her.
“She looked like me and I felt there was a piece of me in her,” Pacheco, 17, said. “You see yourself in a doll and it’s really special to have that connection.”
But what about children with rare medical conditions who don’t look like anyone else? One day in January this year, Pacheco read a story about doll designer Amy Jandrisevits. Her “A Doll Like Me” project makes look alike dolls for children with disabilities. Pacheco wanted to make similar dolls.
Over the past several months, Pacheco has designed and sewn (缝制) cloth dolls for four local kids who have birthmarks, surgical scars (手术疤痕), or other special physical features. Pacheco asked the kids about their favorite sports and hobbies. She also watched doll-making vides and attended sewing camp.
One of the doll receivers is no longer a child, but she’s honored to have been chosen for the project. Zulema Gillett, 21 of Temecula has a particular disease, which caused her to be born with a cleft lip (唇裂) and only one ear. “Who doesn’t want a doll that los like them and that they could relate to?” Gillett said It’s really nice and very thoughtful.”
After she got her own sewing machine, Pacheco taught herself to sew blankets and clothes for the dolls She designed her own patterns and figured out how to re-create the children’s various appearances. It was important for her that the children could recognize themselves in the dolls However, their differences were not the most noticeable feature.
“I really value the beauty in little things,” Pacheco said. Each of these kids is so unique, so special. I hope through these dolls they can see themselves in a new light and rally appreciate their beauty.”
1. According to the first two paragraphs, what made Pacheco feel special?| A．Making a doll on her own. |
| B．Having a doll that looks like her. |
| C．Receiving a doll from her parents. |
| D．Being able to pick out her own doll. |
| A．her parents. |
| B．Amy Jandrisevits. |
| C．children who love dolls. |
| D．kids with special physical features. |
| A．She went to sewing camp. |
| B．She got help from other children. |
| C．She played sewing games online. |
| D．She joined a doll designer’s project. |
| A．She thanks Pacheco for her friendship. |
| B．She is honored to be a volunteer of the project. |
| C．She believes having a doll is helpful to children. |
| D．She loves the idea of special dolls for special children. |
| A．feel less lonely. |
| B．develop new hobbies. |
| C．value their own beauty. |
| D．forget about their differences. |
【推荐3】Approaching 96, at an age when most are lonely and in poor health, Olga Murray, full of energy, has been eagerly planning a trip to Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, while keeping in touch with hundreds of friends around the world. How can she be in such good shape? You may wonder. Is it her good genes? (Her mother lived to 98.) Her daily salads and three-times-a-week workouts? Or might it have something to do with the retired lawyer's second career as founder of a nonprofit organization?
Scientists increasingly are finding that the answer — call it living with purpose, finding meaning in life or just engaging with something larger than yourself — can be a particularly healthy pursuit. Living with a sense of purpose can improve the quality of those final years. Murray offers a vivid example of how to create a sense of meaning.
Murray's story began in 1984, after she had worked 37 years as a lawyer and was starting to think about retirement (退休). At 59, while traveling in Nepal, Murray found herself amazed by the children there.“They were poor beyond anything I had ever experienced,”she recalled in a self-published memoir (自传) years later.“Yet they were the most joyful little kids anywhere on earth.”She wanted to devote the rest of her life to helping educate Nepalese children.
Returning to Nepal the next year, she met Allan Aistrope, then a volunteer English teacher at the country's only orphanage (孤儿院). The two combined forces, beginning with organizing college scholarships for four of the orphans. After another five years, they had launched the Nepal Youth Foundation (NYF), which by then was supporting several hundred scholarship students and raising 60 homeless children. In 1994, the two hired Som Paneru, a former scholarship student, as executive director. Murray has taken several steps to make sure the NYF will survive after the unavoidable loss of her presence. She ceded (转让) the presidency to Paneru in 2012. Now, she is busy as usual, leading lots of fundraising campaigns (筹款活动).
1. What might be the reason for Murray's long life according to the scientists?| A．Her good genes. |
| B．Her daily workouts. |
| C．Her changing career. |
| D．Her living with purpose. |
| A．They were eager to receive education. |
| B．They lived a very poor but happy life. |
| C．They liked to converse with foreigners. |
| D．They were terribly interested in her memoir. |
| A．She helped four orphans go to college. |
| B．She started the Nepal Youth Foundation. |
| C．She volunteered to act as an English teacher. |
| D．She sent 60 homeless children to the orphanage. |
| A．Recovering the losses she has experienced. |
| B．Devoting herself to fundraising activities. |
| C．Picking the right person to replace Paneru. |
| D．Helping more people plan their retirement. |
【推荐1】There are few places on Earth that humans haven’t messed up. Now even Antarctica, the only continent with no permanent human inhabitants, is being altered by us. A study found that the increasing human presence in Antarctica is causing more snow melt-bad news for a frozen world already battling the effects of human-caused global warming.
Black carbon, the dark, dusty pollution that comes from burning fossil fuels has settled in locations where tourists and researchers spend a lot of time, scientists found. Even the smallest amount of the dark pollutant can have a significant impact on melting because of its very low reflectiveness: things that are light in color, like snow, reflect the sun's energy and stay cool; things that are dark, like black carbon, absorb the sun's energy and warm up.
“The snow albedo (反射率) effect is one of the largest uncertainties in regional and global climate modeling right now,” Alia Khan, a snow and ice scientist at Western Washington University, told CNN. “That’s one of the motivations for the study, to quantify the impact of black carbon on regional snowmelt, which is important for quantifying the role of black carbon in the global loss of snow and ice.”
“Antarctica is sitting there pretty much silently all year. But, if it weren’t there, in the state that it is meant to be, the balance that we have in the climate system will no longer be,” Marilyn Raphael, a geography professor said. “Antarctica’s sea ice is also important to maintain a balance in atmospheric circulation,” he added. As waters get warmer, some Antarctic creatures are finding their homes more and more unlivable.
“Everything we do has consequences,” Raphael said. “We need to educate ourselves about those consequences, especially in systems that we know relatively little about. We have to be careful that we don’t upset the climate balance.”
1. Why can the smallest amount of black carbon have huge impact on melting?| A．It is highly reflective. | B．Its dark colour absorbs heat. |
| C．It produces vast energy. | D．It causes much pollution. |
| A．To measure the impact of black carbon on melting. |
| B．To quantify the cost of battling against climate change. |
| C．To remove the uncertainties of global warming effects. |
| D．To urge people to pay more attention to melting problem. |
| A．The change caused by Antarctic melting. | B．The methods to stop Antarctic ice melting. |
| C．The significance of Antarctic being in its state. | D．The sufferings Antarctic creatures are experiencing. |
| A．Reduce tourist numbers. | B．Face the consequences. |
| C．Acquire professional education. | D．Stop disturbing the climate. |
【推荐2】We all know driving can be stressful, disturbing and upsetting. It can make us greatly angry.
Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that drivers experience. Road rage can express itself in several ways.
So, what can cause us to experience road rage? Being followed, undertaken on a busy motorway, or chatting on their phone are just some of the things that may stress us.
So the next time you feel stressed while driving, just remember road rage can happen to anyone.
| A．And what about parking? |
| B．So what is road rage, and what things can cause it? |
| C．Being stressed sometimes is of no use when driving. |
| D．So what can we do to keep relaxed? |
| E．They can be quarrels, fights and even dangerous driving. |
| F．However, road rage can be seen everywhere all the time. |
| G．It is helpful to be relaxed a bit when you feel that way. |
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Working women with young children often face a dilemma(进退两难的困境) of whether to keep working or to quit to take care of their children. Though the fact that married women work outside the homes has become a social trend, many people still expect mothers to stay home until their children are two or three years old. In my opinion,it’s unfair to deprive(剥夺) mothers of their right to keep working only for the reason of childcare.
Women also need a sense of achievement just like men. Working women often find it difficult to give up the chance of self-fulfillment(自我实现) and go back home to play the traditional role. The times that women should stay at home passed and we should not neglect(忽视) mothers’ desire to seek further goals outside the home.
Besides, taking care of children is both parents’ responsibility(责任) rather than only mothers’. Children belong to the father and the mother. So it is unreasonable to ask mothers to give up their jobs for childcare because it is also fathers’ duty.
Practically speaking, working mothers can help improve family finances. Though there’ll be extra expense for childcare service, working mothers have a steady income to help the family. Therefore, mothers’ working outside is good for the family, especially to those low-income ones.
In a word, to expect mothers to put childcare before everything is not practical in today’s society. Only if fathers and mothers cooperate can the problem be solved.
Title:
| Whether working women should keep working or | |
| Mothers should stay home until children are two or three years old. |
| The author’s | A mother has right to Women need a sense of achievement just like men. Taking care of children is Mothers can help |
| Parents’ |
