Heating and cooling equipment are the biggest users of energy in American homes. And homes are responsible for about one fourth of the nation’s total energy use. But there are surprisingly simple ways to deeply cut energy use,its effect on the environment and its cost. David Peabody and his team at Peabody Architects design passive homes. He says the design of a passive house aims to reduce energy demand to its lowest possible level. Passive houses use no solar,geothermal or wind energy equipment. But they are extremely energy efficient.
Mr Peabody says passive houses cut heating and cooling costs by about 90 percent. But what sets his design apart from other "green homes" is that it looks like any other home. Peabody Architects says it is building the first passive home in the Washington. D.C. area. But it will not he the last. In Arlington. Virginia. Roger Lin and his brother Eric are also building one. Roger Lin of Southern Exposure Homes explains that windows are sealed against leaks and have three layers of glass. The windows are airtight. On a cold winter day,the temperature inside the unfinished home is a comfortable 12 degrees,or 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
David Peabody says you can find passive honks all over the world. DAVID PEABODY:
"North Africa,for example,has a passive house community designing for very hot dry climates.” The first passive design was an apartment building in Darmstadt,Germany. Two physicists helped develop it about 20 years ago. Passive houses use some specialized materials. These include precast concrete panels and insulation(隔热).They also need to have special air treatment systems. Supporters say they cost only about five or eight percent more than traditional homes. But they use 10 percent of the energy for heating and cooling.
1. Which of the following is the advantage of passive houses?A.They are extremely energy efficient. |
B.They look much like the other houses. |
C.They cost much less than traditional houses. |
D.They are more comfortable than other houses. |
A.Arlington | B.Mexico |
C.North Africa | D.Germany |
A.Passive homes are specially built for winter use. |
B.Passive homes can be found everywhere in the world. |
C."Green homes" differ from traditional homes in their appearances. |
D.The construction of passive homes takes advantage of high technology. |
A.Objective. | B.Negative. |
C.Doubtful. | D.Optimistic. |
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【推荐1】There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in theUnited States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which type of bag would you choose?
While all types of bags have some influence on the environment, it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. They are made from a renewable source, break down easily, burn without giving off thick smoke and can be recycled. However, the producing process behind paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this be true?
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make paper bags is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happens to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly.In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environmentally friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does to recycle paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, for example, a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.
There’s no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However, we don’t seem to be doing that at present. Cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should I we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment?”
1. Why does the author use the questions in Paragraph 1?A.To express the author’s doubts. | B.To introduce the topic for discussion. |
C.To tell readers how to save money. | D.To show the kindness of the cashier. |
A.need more water to produce | B.require less energy to recycle |
C.have less influence on forests | D.take more time to break down |
A.Put forward. | B.Discussed. | C.Given up. | D.Shared. |
A.Paper or cloth? | B.Paper or plastic? |
C.A small bag or a big one? | D.A new bag or your own one? |
【推荐2】Every spring, as the weather warms, trees up and down the East Coast explode in a display of bright green life as leaves fill their branches, and every fall, the same leaves provide one of nature’s great color displays of vivid yellow, orange and red.
Thanks to climate change, the timing of these events has shifted over the last two decades, Harvard scientists say.
Andrew Richardson, an associate professor of organismic and evolutionary biology, and research associate Trevor Keenan worked with colleagues from seven different institutions on a study which found that forests throughout the eastern United States are showing signs of spring growth dramatically earlier, and that the growing season in some areas extends further into the fall.
Richardson said, “Climate change isn’t just about warmer temperatures. It’s also about changes in precipitation (降水) patterns... so in the future, an earlier spring might not help forests take up more carbon dioxide if they end up running out of water in mid-summer.”
The research combined information from three sources. Using satellite data, Keenan tracked when forests across the region began to turn green in the spring, and when leaves began to turn yellow in the fall. Ground observations made every three to seven days at the Harvard Forest in Petersham and a long-term research site in New Hampshire provided information about the state of buds, leaves and branches. When combined with records from instrument towers, the data sets allowed the researchers to paint a richly detailed picture that shows spring starting earlier, and the growing season lasting longer than at any point in the past two decades.
Another important result, Richardson said, was the discovery of a significant source of error in existing computer models on how forest ecosystems work.
“This shows an opportunity to improve the models and how they simulate how forests will work under future climate scenarios forecast.” he said.
The real power of the findings, however, may be in helping to make the effects of climate change clearer to the public, the researchers said.
1. What is the reason of the earlier spring according to the Harvard scientists?A.The human activities. | B.The climate change. |
C.The tree growth. | D.The reduction in water. |
A.An earlier spring can only bring benefits. |
B.The influence of climate change is complex. |
C.The water in mid-summer will increase. |
D.The role of forests becomes less important. |
A.Change | B.Explain | C.Imitate | D.Create |
A.It helps scientists to figure out how forest ecosystems work. |
B.It reflects how the growing season is extending faster. |
C.It provides an opportunity to improve the computer models. |
D.It helps to make the effects of climate change clearer to the public. |
A.To tell us people should be more aware of the climate change. |
B.To tell us the climate change has some effects on the world. |
C.To tell us the early spring in eastern USA is a good time to travel. |
D.To tell us high technology is useful to detect the climate change. |
【推荐3】When Richard Oswald was growing up in northwestern Missouri in the 1950s, his dad had a firm rule: Don’t plant corn until mid-May. But that rule has become a relic of the past. In Rock Port, a small farming community near the Nebraska border, the growing season now begins more than a month earlier.
That’s not surprising. Across much of the US, winter is not as cold as it used to be. The four warmest Januaries on record have all occurred since 2016. In Missouri, winters are about 4 degrees hotter on average than in 1970-and farmers are starting to feel the effects.
As the planet continues to warm, cold winter weather will become less common, said Amy Butler, a re-search scientist studying climate variability. “However, less cold does not mean never cold.” Butler said. In the past decade, Liz Graznak’s organic vegetable farm near Columbia, Missouri, has endured increasingly extreme swings in weather. “We don’t get a couple of inches of snow; we get 18 inches of snow all at once and then in five days, it’ s 70 degrees again.” Graznak said. “We don’t get a couple of inches of rain; we get a 12-inch downpour in the span of 24 hours. That’s devastating(毁灭性的)to a vegetable farm.”
To help protect her crops, Graznak has built four large greenhouses on her property in just over a decade. Inside, she’s able to grow delicate, high-value crops, including flowers, lettuce and spinach.
But these greenhouses come at a steep cost. Nearly seven years ago, Graznak spent more than $18,000 to build a greenhouse and since then, the price has more than doubled. “When I think about these costs, in my brain, I say, ‘OK, how many heads of lettuce is that?’” She said. “I know I can sell a head of lettuce for $4, so how many heads of lettuce do I have to sell to be able to pay for that greenhouse? And that’s a lot of lettuce.”
1. What does the author want to show by telling Richard Oswald’s story?A.New farmers should learn to farm on their own. |
B.New farmers aren’t as experienced as old ones. |
C.Following traditional farming rules is essential. |
D.Climate change is changing farming rules. |
A.Many extreme weather events. |
B.A winter without any cold days. |
C.Less snow and rain on the whole. |
D.More stable temperature than before. |
A.The profits of her farm have increased. |
B.She has lost hope in the future of farming. |
C.The cost of farming has greatly increased. |
D.Budgeting is important in modern farming. |
A.Farmers in the US are troubled by floods |
B.Farmers are worried about the future of farming |
C.Farmers are feeling climate change’s effect in the US |
D.Farmers are turning to greenhouses due to climate change |
【推荐1】It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable(不自在) when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are too serious and too strict with their children; and that they seldom give their children a free hand.
It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when young. They show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset(扰乱) by something unexpected.
When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it.
Young people often make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble; it is just that they feel cut off from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been accepted. That’s why young people want to make a new culture(文化) of their own. And if their parents do not like their music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people extremely happy.
Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to say “yes” to what you do. All you want is to be left alone and do what you like. It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, when you were completely under your parents’ control.
If you plan to control your life, you’d better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility(责任), they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.
1. This article is particularly written for_____ .A.parents | B.both parents and their children |
C.young people | D.teachers |
A.ask for advice before they really start to do anything |
B.do things without thinking carefully ahead |
C.be very strict with themselves |
D.think in the same way as their parents do |
A.they want to show they have grown up |
B.they do not want to get into trouble |
C.they feel they are cleverer than the older people |
D.they don’t feel they belong to the world of the older people |
A.do everything according to his own wish |
B.do everything the way his parents do |
C.do everything under his parents’ control |
D.do everything with a high sense of responsibility |
【推荐2】With artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic technology improving at impressive rates, there are some who worry that there’s a risk of artistic and creative people being replaced. A new study by the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology, however, is showing exactly why that can’t and shouldn’t happen. It all started when the South Korean company posed this question: Can robots replace conductors?
Over a year ago, work to develop automaton (自动化) began. At first, it was designed like a machine, and didn’t live up to expectations. Then the company sought ways to improve it. In the end, it was given two arms with joints to copy wrists and elbows, allowing it to move a stick similarly to how a human conductor would move it. It was named the EverR 6 robot, and stands at 1.8 meters. It was finally time to figure out how it could follow through on its musical role.
“We got involved in this project to see how far robots can go in more creative fields like the arts, and what the challenges are,” Dong-wook Lee, a senior researcher at the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology said.
In order to pull this off, Dong-wook Lee cooperated with the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra. The 12-minute piece they planned to perform, “Feel” by Il-hoon Son, was created specifically for this event. It was created with the strengths of both EverR 6 and the human conductor, Soo-yeol Choi, in mind.
To pull off this impressive performance, the robot was preprogrammed to conduct through 30 cycles of beat patterns. Meanwhile, it was up to the human conductor to lead the orchestra in creating an improvisational (即兴的) score, adding depth to the otherwise planned piece.
Together, they pulled off a masterful performance that the audience seemed more than happy to have had the opportunity to witness it firsthand!
With the concert having gone so well, this is only the start of EverR 6. Still, no matter the improvements they’re able to make to this Android robot, the human conductor isn’t concerned about being replaced.
“Let’s leave the accuracy to the robots,” Soo-yeol Choi said, “but the musical and artistic aspects to a human conductor.”
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The function of the EverR 6 robot. |
B.The development of the EverR 6 robot. |
C.The EverR 6 robot’s role as a conductor. |
D.The difficulty in designing the EverR 6 robot. |
A.It is a piece familiar to the audience. |
B.It is a piece showing the human-robot cooperation. |
C.It is the only piece that EverR 6 will perform. |
D.It is a piece requiring great ability to conduct. |
A.He corrected the robot’s mistakes. |
B.He programmed the EverR 6 robot. |
C.He led the improvisational section of the performance. |
D.He was the main conductor of the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra. |
A.Unclear. | B.Uncaring. | C.Supportive. | D.Doubtful. |
【推荐3】China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adopts a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture (针刺疗法), means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body — usually at acupoints (穴位) —to restore the yin-yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion (灸法), which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor5s Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
1. What does the underlined word "It" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.Acupuncture. | B.TCM. | C.Yin-yang balance. | D.Moxibustion. |
A.It distinguishes acupxincture from moxibustion. |
B.It greatly boosts the development of TCM. |
C.It stresses the importance of using acupoints. |
D.It's a foundation of world medical research. |
A.Worried. | B.Skeptical. | C.Promising. | D.Disapproving. |
A.Why TCM gets recognition from WHO. |
B.How other countries adopt TCM well. |
C.Why TCM is gaining popularity. |
D.How TCM helps in the present situation. |
【推荐1】Have you ever dreamed of meeting top scientists in person? If so, what would you want to ask them? For Tan Fanglin, a 15-year-old girl from No.2 High School of East China Normal University in Shanghai, her dream of meeting top scientists has already come true.
In October, she attended the World Laureates Forum(论坛)for a second time. Tan was by far the youngest participant among the scientists invited to be at the meeting of the world's sharpest minds. Her discovery about the relationship between the Fibonacci sequence(菲波那契数列)and Bézout numbers has won her many prizes in youth innovation competitions. This finding has been praised by the famous Canadian mathematician, Professor Rankin. According to Guangming Daily, Rankin has been studying the same theme for five years but with no conclusions.
From a very young age, Tan has always been fascinated by mathematics. This is largely because of the influence of her father, who teaches mathematics in University. But she had not participated in any Mathematics Olympiad exams before. According to Xu Jun, Tan's head teacher from her middle and high school, she doesn't take after-school classes or too many extra exercises either. Her mastering of Further Mathematics and her good grades in school are thanks to the right study method.
Attending this forum enabled Tan to get more inspiration from top scientists. She asked Professor Miesenbock, the 2019 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize winner, what he considered were the best personal qualities for conducting scientific research. Miesenbock encouraged her not to lose her passion and love for what she does. He stressed that people all knew that even Thomas Edison went through hundreds of unsuccessful attempts before finally inventing the light bulb. Tan has met many barriers in her research and often feels upset. The words made Tan feel inspired. "I will keep my curiosity and interests in mathematics and overcome any obstacles(障碍)in my research," she told Chinese Business View.
1. What does the underlined word "fascinated" in the third paragraph mean?A.threatened | B.refused |
C.discovered | D.attracted |
A.Tan has realized her dream of meeting top scientists. |
B.Tan is one of the youngest participants in the World Laureates Forum. |
C.When she was young,she took part in many Mathematics Olympiad exams. |
D.Tan's discovery has achieved a breakthrough after studying the theme for 5 years. |
A.Tan has seldom met obstacles in her research. |
B.Tan often feels undefeated when meeting barriers. |
C.Inspired by Miesenbock, Tan is determined to overcome difficulties in research. |
D.Tan has the best personal qualities for conducting scientific research in Miesenbock's eyes. |
A.Top Minds Inspire Student. |
B.Failure is the Mother of Success. |
C.Loving What You Do, a Way to Success. |
D.The Elder One Grows, the More He Gets. |
【推荐2】When I grow up
In kindergarten, my class was asked to draw pictures, showing what we wanted to be when we grew up. Our drawings were expected to display our dream occupations. I remember pictures of ballerinas dancing, firefighters putting out a blaze, and astronauts leaping across the moon.
My picture showed a figure with brown hair holding a box of orange juice beside a counter. Underneath was my handwriting: “When I grow up, I want to work at Market Basket because it would be fun to swipe (刷) orange juice across the scanner.” Out of everything, my five-year-old self wished to work at the local grocery store.
When we are young, questions of what we want to be when we grow up are common. Yet we are not expected to respond with an answer that is likely to come true. However, when we become teens, we are asked the very same questions twice as often. The difference is, now we are supposed to answer with confidence.
Teens are expected to know exactly what we want to be and how we are going to achieve that goal. However, not all of us can be so sure. Even though I am in high school, I cannot answer with certainty. But I don’t consider that a bad thing. How am I supposed to know what I will want to spend my time doing at age 40?
When I think about the future, I definitely don’t see myself working at Market Basket, but in reality, if that was what would make me happy, I would do it. So, the next time someone asks me what I want to be when I grow up, I will simply say “happy”.
Happiness is a destination for everyone. We may want to walk different paths in life, but we all want to be happy wherever we end up. Choose your path, but don’t worry too much about choosing wisely. Make a mistake or two and try new things. But always remember, if you’re not happy, you’re not at the end of your journey yet.
1. What did the author want to be when he was in kindergarten?A.An astronaut. | B.A firefighter. | C.A dancer. | D.A cashier. |
A.kindergartners are able to display their dream jobs with confidence |
B.kindergartners have limited imagination of their dream occupations |
C.teenagers are supposed to be clear about what they want to be |
D.teenagers stick to the path they chose when they were young |
A.the principle of growth lies in human choice |
B.happiness is the meaning of existence |
C.it is never too late to correct mistakes |
D.your future depends on your dreams |
A.Different stages of life. | B.Career guidance. |
C.The real goal of life. | D.Career paths. |
【推荐3】Let’s suppose you have, oh, $40,000 to spare, and you’re out shopping for a shiny new car. You’ve never really cared about cars that much before, with perhaps hate for the car commercials you see every seven seconds during a televised sporting event. But now, you can afford one. So when someone mentions a certain kind of car—one that you’ve never heard of before—you’re interested.
Suddenly, the car is everywhere. It’s parked in front of your house. Your boss’s husband has one. You see two of them next to you in traffic on your way home from work. The car is even popping up in those commercials during the baseball game. So what exactly is happening here? Does this car suddenly come to take control of the cultural consciousness (意识)? Or is your consciousness playing tricks on you?
Welcome to the Baader-meinhof phenomenon (现象), otherwise known as the frequency illusion (频率幻觉). This phenomenon occurs when the thing you’ve just noticed, experienced or been told about suddenly appears constantly, It gives you the fleeing that pretty much everyone is talking about the subject, or that it is always surrounding you. And you’re not crazy, you are totally seeing it more. But the thing is: of course, that’s because you’re noticing it more.
A couple of things happen when the Baader-Meinhof phenomenon Kicks in. Your brain seems to be excited by the fact that you’ve learned something new and selective attention occurs. Your brain subconsciously thinks, “Hey, that’s amazing! I’m going to look for that thing without actually thinking about it.” So now that you’re looking for it, you find it. To make it all the more powerful,, confirmation bias (确认偏误) occurs after you see it even once or twice. In other words, you start agreeing with yourself that, yep, you’re certainly seeing it more.
Now if you’ve done a search for Baader-Meinhof, you might be a little confused, because the phenomenon wasn’t named after the person that researched it, or anything sensible like that. Instead, it was named after a West German terrorist group, active in the 1970s. The St. Paul Pioneer Press online commenting board was the surprising source of the name. In 1994, a commentator called the frequency illusion “the Baader-meinhof phenomenon” after accidentally hearing two references to Baader-meinmof within 24 hours The- phenomenon has nothing to do with the group, in other words. But don’t be surprised if the name starts popping up everywhere you turn.
1. According to Paragraph 1, why do you become interested in a car?A.Because it often appears in your life. |
B.Because you have the ability to buy one now. |
C.Because it is always advertised on television. |
D.Because you are successfully persuaded to buy one. |
A.Something occurs more frequently than before indeed. |
B.People around you start to focus on something you prefer. |
C.You begin to pay more attention to a certain thing than before. |
D.You always expect to learn something new about a certain thing. |
A.A terrorist group gave this name. |
B.It was named after its researcher. |
C.It was chosen by the commenting board. |
D.A commentator gave this name by chance. |
A.Why is your car everywhere? |
B.Never be cheated by your illusion |
C.How should you remove frequency illusion? |
D.The discovery of the Baader- Meinhof phenomenon |
【推荐1】It is easier to negotiate(谈判)first salary requirement because once you are insider, the organizational constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don't at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth's story.
I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle(小隔间)offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.
It would be nice we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit(价值), but "nice" isn't a quality shared by most organizations. If you feel you deserve a good raise in pay, you'll probably have to ask for it.
Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to prove that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs(a new client or a sizable contract, for example)just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip coo. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction
1. What can be inferred from Beth's story?A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations. |
B.If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it. |
C.People should not be content with what they have got. |
D.People should be careful when negotiating for a job. |
A.unfairness exists in salary increases |
B.most people are overworked and underpaid |
C.one should avoid overstating one's performance |
D.most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises |
A.advertise himself on the job market |
B.persuade his boss to sign a long-term contact |
C.try to get inside information about the organization |
D.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions |
【推荐2】Like bootcut jeans or farm fresh produce,television is proving its staying power regardless of trends. It seems to be just like a home cooked meal,never to be replaced,thanks to the wide application of big data.
Americans are still watching an average of five hours of TV each day and over 50%of homes have a television subscription service like Netflix or Hulu.This is due to the fact that television programming has undergone a renaissance(复兴),with cinema-quality programs on broadcast,new ways of delivery-Netflix or Hulu and other over-the-top(OTT)providers and now the promise of data-driven insights for advertisers. Data is the key to television's profitability.Advertisers have access to more audience information than ever,while networks and content providers use data,in addition to instinct(本能)to guide programming decisions.The abundance of data available to content providers,marketers and advertisers makes it possible to process,analyse and transform big data into profitable,useful insights.
For those 50% of homes with a subscription service,OTT TV is using data to make decisions not just about programming,but to guide viewers to the right content.The most famous example of data-driven content is Netflix's House of Cards,a popular TV series in America,designed to be a hit based on platform data like user viewing habits,ratings and preferences.But the content provider uses data to guide all of its decisions,ranging from title images to homepage layouts.
Netflix receives data from millions of set top boxes and online accounts,and then processes data using real time technology like Spark.These data have led to clearly-seen results,like a 20%-30%increase in programs'viewship numbers.
1. Why is"home cooked meal"mentioned in Paragraph 1?A.To introduce the topic. |
B.To show TV can't be replaced. |
C.To give background information. |
D.To prove big data can be applied. |
A.It keeps making a high profit. |
B.It's losing its viewers to cinemas. |
C.It's too dependent on advertising. |
D.It is updated to meet the challenges. |
A.content choice |
B.subscription service |
C.homepage layout |
D.providers'preference |
A.To show how television increases profits. |
B.To explain how data benefit the TV industry. |
C.To present how over-the-top television works. |
D.To tell how the television industry goes digital. |
【推荐3】The new year is the moment when people vow to improve their fitness. They join gyms, swear off alcohol and adopt healthier diets. These resolutions usually do not last beyond January.
But some employers try to help their workers stick to their goals by offering “wellness” programmes. One of the longest- running examples began in 1979 at Johnson & Johnson (j&j), an American health-care company.The plan promotes weight loss, smoking quitting and efforts to reduce blood pressure.
The firm claims it reduced medical costs by $400 an employee per year, and resulted in fewer workers suffering from heart disease or high blood pressure. Yet an examination of the data by Martin Cherniack of the University of Connecticut found that in 2005-08, a sharp jump in alcohol use, depression and stress among j&j employees occurred .This coincided with a period when the firm had a target of lifting productivity by 9% a year. So the employees may have been fitter, but it is possible that workplace pressure to produce more meant greater stress.
All this suggests that employee well-being is a rather more complex topic than can be tackled(应对) by a programme devoted to exercise and healthy living. A study by Rand Europe, a research institute, found that obvious bad habits such as smoking and high alcohol use were in fact not associated with lower productivity, while obese workers were no more likely to take time off than anyone else. The biggest productivity problems were associated with lack of sleep, financial concerns and mental-health issues-factors that may well be directly linked to work-related stress.
It seems reasonable for companies to expect some level of economies return on any wellness programme that they provide. But the trade-off should not be too blatant. Making employees fitter so you can work them a lot harder seems rather like drilling your infantry(野战军) on a course before sending them to face the machine guns. A better impact on morale (and thus productivity) might occur if workers felt that their managers had a genuine interest in their welfare.
1. What can we learn from the example of Johnson & Johnson?A.A healthy lifestyle contributes to higher productivity. |
B.A wellness program alone can’t achieve the desired effect. |
C.Caring for employees’ physical health is of great importance. |
D.A health program benefits both the company and the employees. |
A.Certain living habits help improve motivation. |
B.Work-related pressure is to blame for low productivity. |
C.Financial concerns have nothing to do with productivity. |
D.Obesity is associated with lower attendance in the workplace. |
A.Obvious. | B.Effective. | C.Challenging. | D.Flexible. |
A.To compare various factors affecting productivity. |
B.To introduce a new way of increasing productivity. |
C.To appeal to employers to improve their health care program. |
D.To question some seemingly effective practice in business management. |