“What kind of rubbish are you?” This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it has brought about complaints over the past week. On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance（服从）and to inquire into the nature of one’s rubbish.
Violators face the possibility of fines and worse. They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain bank loans or even buy train tickets.
Shanghai authorities are responding to an obvious environmental problem. It generates 9 million tonnes of garbage a year, more than London’s annual output and rising quickly. But like other cities in China, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on trash pickers to sort out the waste, picking out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of disposable(一次性的)chopsticks a year.
Many residents appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous（有害的）, the differences among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss it by hand. Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad.
1. What does the underlined word “Violators” in Paragraph 2 refer to?| A．People who don’t sort the waste. |
| B．People who argue with the monitors. |
| C．People who don’t throw the trash on time. |
| D．People who are against the regulations. |
| A．The massive traffic. | B．The increasing garbage. |
| C．Lack of a recycling system. | D．Lack of trash pickers. |
| A．Complex distinction among the four categories of trash. |
| B．Short scheduled time for throwing the trash. |
| C．Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage. |
| D．Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior. |
| A．A Restart of Trash-sorting | B．A Great Change in Tackling Litter |
| C．New Times of Garbage Classification | D．A Craze for Learning Waste Sorting |
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【推荐1】Despite the bad reputation of sharks, they are crucial to the health of the marine ecosystem and can even help fight climate change.
In the shallows of Shark Bay, Western Australia, seagrass is food for the sea cows, which can weigh as much as 500 kg and eat roughly 40 kg of seagrass a day. Sea cows are a rich source of food for tiger sharks. By keeping the sea cow population controlled, tiger sharks here help the seagrass grow sustainably. A booming seagrass meadow stores twice as much CO2 per square mile as forests typically do on land.
But tiger shark numbers are declining. Off Australia’s northeast coast of Queensland, tiger sharks are estimated to have fallen by at least 71 percent, largely due to overfishing. A reduction in tiger sharks means more seagrass consumed by herbivores (食草动物) and less carbon stored in sea vegetation. This raised the question: What if they were absent from the Shark Bay — would the seagrass-dominated ecosystem survive?
To find out, researchers led by Rob Nowicki of Florida International University, spent time in Eastern Australia, where shark numbers were lower and sea cows ate seagrass largely undisturbed. “When uncontrolled, sea cows can rapidly destroy wide areas of seagrass.” said Nowicki.
Those findings emphasized that tiger sharks were playing an important role in preventing the reduction of seagrass in Shark Bay. If their populations continue to decline, the resilience of carbon-rich ocean ecosystems will likely decrease.
When it comes to stimulating shark numbers, there have been movements toward more sustainable fishing, but a large percentage of the industry have not changed their methods, which is a reason why the population of many marine top predators (捕食者) continues to decline.
Aside from supporting sustainable fishing, Nowicki said the only way to truly protect marine life is to reduce our global greenhouse gas emissions. “Ultimately, if we are going to protect our ecosystems in the centuries to come, we are going to need to solve climate change while undertaking species protection at the same time.”
1. Why are tiger sharks vital to the marine ecosystem?| A．They feed on various sea animals. |
| B．They can store large amounts of CO2. |
| C．They can prevent the loss of seagrass. |
| D．They influence marine species’ distribution. |
| A．Sustainability. | B．Recovery. | C．Preservation. | D．Construction. |
| A．Climate change. | B．Lack of protection. |
| C．Unsustainable fishing. | D．Loss of seagrass. |
| A．The number of tiger sharks is decreasing. |
| B．Climate change causes the loss of seagrass. |
| C．Environmental protection is at the top of the agenda. |
| D．Tiger sharks are vital to the health of the marine ecosystem. |
【推荐2】Imagine a world where nothing ends up in landfill. Instead, everything can be reused and recycled, creating products that never reach their “end of life”. According to a recent report by the Circle Economy Foundation, only 7.2% of all used materials are being cycled back to be reused and recycled without creating waste.
An Italian company aims to change this by creating furniture products made from a plastic-like biomaterial, which is fully organic and biodegradable (可生物降解的), and can be used over and over again. Using fruit peel, orange seeds and coffee grounds collected from businesses in Italy, the company can redistribute products to the same businesses for use in their offices, instead of furniture made from common plastic. If, by mistake, any of the material ends up in the ocean, it doesn’t produce any microplastics.
Each product is made through a four-step process. First, the food waste is dried and crushed into a very fine powder. Then, the powder is mixed with a biodegradable plastic alternative known as polyhydroxybutyrat (PHB), with the fruit waste making the PHB more study (坚固的). The material is then turned into a filament (细丝) and, using a spool, put into a 3D printer.
Because a lot of food waste would be buried and incinerated in the landfill, which would produce lots of carbon dioxide, Reusing fruit peel and coffee grounds decrease carbon dioxide from the production of plastic, according to the director of operations in the company. He adds that the biomaterial is as sturdy as wood, and won’t begin to break down unless it’s touched by water, bacteria or acidity.
Despite its eco-friendly benefits, the biomaterial is expensive. It costs probably six times more than common plastic, and it is a very difficult and expensive process, so this is why many companies aren’t doing it.
However, the director is hopeful that in a few years, as-more consumers and businesses are forced to face the damage that unsustainable plastic is doing to the planet, the biomaterial will be much more widely used. “We really believe this is the material of the future,” says the director. “Little by little, a step at a time.”
1. What is a problem faced by the current world according to paragraph 1?| A．Pollution is becoming milder. |
| B．The rate of recycling is too low. |
| C．Plastic poses a threat to the ocean. |
| D．New material needs to be improved. |
| A．It is of benefit to the environment. |
| B．It is cheaper than common plastic. |
| C．It is given a welcome by businesses. |
| D．It has gradually replaced common plastic. |
| A．Damaged. | B．Burned. | C．Selected. | D．Recovered. |
| A．New Material: One Way To Regain Fruit Peel |
| B．From Landfill To Furniture: The Journey Of Furniture |
| C．Sustainable Material: The Future Of Eco-Friendly Furniture |
| D．Italian Businesses Using New Strategies To Manage Industrial Waste |
【推荐3】In a coffee shop, we usually hear someone saying, “Don’t worry; the cup is made of bioplastics!” These items are appearing everywhere, ensuring business owners and consumers feel good about the single-use items they are carrying around. The problem is that there’s a lot of misinformation about bioplastics—and unfortunately, bioplastics aren’t the perfect solution to the problem of plastic people think they are.
“Anytime you add the term ‘bio’ or ‘plant-based’ to a product name or description, people automatically think that makes them good for the planet,” environment expert and consultant Shannon Kenny said. “But unless you have proper equipment to process and recycle these bioplastics, they can be just as harmful to the planet as traditional plastics.” In order for bioplastic items to break down, they need the perfect storm of gases, heat and airflow that is only provided by specific equipment. And since most of us probably don’t have the commercial equipment, we may not know what to do with the products.
Since they look like plastic, people often think they can be recycled, which isn’t true. According to Kenny, “Consumers often dispose of bioplastics in recycling bins, but it messes the whole process up. When bioplastics enter the plastic recycling stream, they’re difficult to identify and separate from the other plastics, which damages the entire recycling process and creates a low-grade recycled plastic.”
So if plastic isn’t great, but bioplastics aren’t either, what should we use? The most sustainable solution in both the short term and the long run, though, is to avoid single-use items. The best choice is to bring your own cup to the coffee shop and your own cutlery to the office to eat your salad or out to dinner at your favorite fast-casual restaurant. And educate others—friends, family, and even your local coffee shop or restaurant owners—that these bioplastics aren’t as “green” as they may appear.
1. What does Shannon Kenny think of bioplastics?| A．They are environment-friendly. | B．They cost customers less to use. |
| C．They increase the cost of production. | D．They are no better than common plastics. |
| A．They can’t be broken down completely. | B．Consumers prefer to use traditional plastics. |
| C．They can’t be processed or recycled properly. | D．Consumers can’t tell them from other plastics. |
| A．Add some background information. | B．Provide some advice for the readers. |
| C．Summarize the previous paragraphs. | D．Introduce a new topic for discussion. |
| A．Why are bioplastics harmful? | B．Can bioplastics be widely used? |
| C．Are bioplastics better for the planet? | D．How are bioplastics made pollution-free? |
【推荐1】If you have a high temperature or are recovering from a surgery, it is difficult to be fully focused at work. Sick days are meant to prevent people from hurting themselves, their co-workers, or customers on the job. However, working from home has changed this logic.
The work-from-home revolution has raised the bar for what counts as being sick. At the height of the pandemic, people worked from home even with some serious symptoms such as fever, shortness of breath or sickness. Many still have to.
Nicholas Bloom of Stanford University has been tracking work-from-home habits since before the Covid-19 popularized them. In a recent working paper, he presents the results of a randomized controlled trial at a large multinational company, where sick days fell by 12% for employees working from home compared to those coming in full time.
To be in bed not doing anything means discomfort both physically and mentally. Salaried workers,who are often evaluated on the basis of their attendance, find it hard to call in sick for a few days now that they don’t need to worry about spreading germs in the office. For high-achievers, putting in the hours is not a chore but a way of life. As the economic recession(萧条) puts future job security into question, showing yourself to be useful becomes even more important.
Though all this is understandable, it is also troubling. Being even mildly sick can impair brain function. It is difficult to exercise proper judgment if one cannot focus on the task at hand. It is why people with lower oxygen concentration sometimes remove protective clothes atop Mount Everest some freeze to death. Firing off emails while feeling dizzy will put the body under further stress.
Soldiering on (硬挺) may make the employee both sicker and less productive for longer. Digital presenteeism(超时工作),for that is what such persisting amounts to,is in no one’s interest.
1. How has the work-from-home revolution affected employees?| A．It has popularized relevant studies. |
| B．It has made it harder to ask for sick leave. |
| C．It has improved their well-being and health. |
| D．It has heightened their enthusiasm for work. |
| A．Those who work full time tend to get more sick leave. |
| B．The Covid-19 has popularized work-from-home habits. |
| C．Whether to take a sick or not is a random choice for you. |
| D．Work-from-home habits mostly happen in big companies. |
| A．Feeling uncomfortable in bed. |
| B．Bringing germs to their office. |
| C．Endangering their current jobs. |
| D．Failing to be the high-achievers. |
| A．The importance of staying healthy. |
| B．The future of flexible working habit. |
| C．The benefits of working from home. |
| D．The proper attitude to taking a sick leave. |
【推荐2】Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity.
Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about teaching, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.
Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults often wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.
Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when you encourage their good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise can mean that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.
Lastly, show and don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
1. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is _______.| A．to let them see the world around | B．to share the children’s curiosity |
| C．to explain difficult phrases about science | D．to supply the children with lab equipment |
| A．any questions | B．any problems |
| C．questions from textbooks | D．any number of questions |
| A．ask them to answer quickly | B．wait for one or two seconds after a question |
| C．tell them to answer the next day | D．wait at least for three seconds after a question |
| A．The second | B．The third | C．The fourth | D．The fifth |
【推荐3】There are more than 57 million amputees (截肢者) worldwide and only about 5 percent of them have access to prosthetic (假肢) care and technology. Those who do have access to prosthetics are often burdened with an inconvenient fitting and training process, high price tags of up to $80,000. and long wait times of more than a year.
Despite the cumbersome (繁琐的) user experience present in the current prosthetics industry, there has been little structural change in the market for more than 50 years, expert say. The global prosthetics industry was valued at $6.1 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow to $ 8.6 billion by 2028.
But a small prosthetics company called Unlimited Tomorrow in Rhinebeck, N.Y., is shaking up the situation.
Unlimited Tomorrow was founded in 2014 by robotics genius Easton LaChappelle. When LaChappelle was 14 years old, he created a control glove operated bionic (仿生) hand and entered it into the Colorado State Science Fair. LaChappelle’s project caught the eye of a 7-year-old amputee who was wearing a bionic prosthetic. LaChappelle learned that her prosthetic, which wasn’t much more difficult than the science project he created in his bedroom, cost $80,000. He spent the next few years researching how he could improve the current state of the prosthetics industry. When LaChappelle was 18, with the help of Tony Robbins, author and philanthropist (慈善家), who was interested in investing in LaChappelle’s idea, Unlimited Tomorrow was established.
Unlimited Tomorrow’s star product is called TrueLimb, a super cool 3D printed robotic arm! “Basically, it’s like a robot hand.” says LaChappelle. What’s awesome is that TrueLimb isn’t one-size fits all—each one is made special for each person.
Unlimited Tomorrow sends a special 3D scanner to their customers. People can use it at home to scan their arm. Once they get that scan, the smart engineers at Unlimited Tomorrow make a perfect socket filled with special sensors for the individual amputee. Then, they use a 3D printer to make the personalized TrueLimb. Hundreds of people are already using these amazing TrueLimbs every day!
1. Which is the disadvantage of traditional prosthetics?| A．Low cost. | B．Short life. |
| C．Lack of convenience. | D．Limited color options |
| A．Significantly changing. | B．Narrowly losing. |
| C．Unexpectedly controlling. | D．Confidently improving. |
| A．When Unlimited Tomorrow was set up. |
| B．Who lent a helping hand to LaChappelle. |
| C．How LaChappelle invented a unique prosthetic. |
| D．What inspired LaChappelle to found Unlimited Tomorrow. |
| A．The Strengths and Weaknesses of Traditional Prosthetics |
| B．The comments on the Latest Prosthetic Product TrueLimb |
| C．Unlimited Tomorrow: Benefiting the Disabled with TrueLimb |
| D．A Teenager’s Company: Transforming the Prosthetics Industry |
【推荐1】Angkor Temples Jungle Bike Route
You'll be picked up from your hotel at 8 am. Given everything you need for your tour, you'll begin cycling in the direction of Angkor, the former capital of the Khmer Empire.
The first stop on your route will be la Prohm. The carved stone walls of this designated World Heritage Site are just about visible between the overgrown roots and branches of the surrounding forest. This mythical temple was chosen as a scene for the filming of Tomb Raider.
Your route will then continue towards the lost city of Angkor Thom. From here, you'll head to Prasat Bayon, known for its famous face towers.
Visit the Terrace of Elephants, the over 1,000-foot-long viewing platform, and the Terrace of the Leper King.
You'll take a break at a local restaurant, where you'll enjoy a lunch of tasty traditional Cambodian dishes. After lunch, you'll begin your route back to Siem Reap.
Duration ： 5-8 hours.
Included ：
• English-speaking guide.
• Bike and helmet.
• Bottled water.
• First aid kit.
• Lunch.
Not included： Snacks and fruit.
How to book?
To reserve the activity, choose the date and complete the form on the website. You will receive your confirmation immediately.
If you still have more questions, check out our Q&A section on frequently asked questions. If you need help to book an activity or have any enquiries, please contact us.
Free cancellation
Free! Free cancellation up to 48 hours before the activity starts. If you cancel within this time or do not show up, you will not be refunded.
1. Which scenic spot appeared in the movie Tomb Raider?| A．Ta Prohm. | B．Angkor Thom. |
| C．Prasat Bayon. | D．The Terrace of Elephants. |
| A．Helmet. | B．Lunch. | C．Water. | D．Fruit. |
| A．By emailing the agency. |
| B．By filling out a form online. |
| C．By checking out the Q&A section. |
| D．By showing up at the agency two days in advance. |
【推荐2】Chef Xiang Chunqin lowered the fire on the stove where she was cooking her Cantonese meal. She added all the necessary ingredients, including the seafood, shrimp. She quickly lowered the fire and turned toward a phone camera as hundreds of people watched her online. "It ruins the dish if you burn the breadcrumbs, "She advised her live-stream video watchers.
Many people in China are restricted to their homes in the effort to stop the spread of coronavirus. Millions of them are finding a new interest in cooking. People watching television and online cooking shows are learning how to make Chinese and Western foods. They are also pushing up the sale of special cookware on online markets, because cooking tools matter to some recipes. Downloads of the top five recipe apps doubled in February, said research company Sensor Tower, i.e. more than 2 million downloads. The Chinese video streaming company Billibilli said it has had more than 580 million views of its cooking videos in the two months since the coronavirus began to spread in China.
Another online cooking show producer DayDayCook told reporters its number of new users increased 200 percent from January to February. A recipe for bean curd and shrimp received the most views. We have never gained new users with such speed since we launched the service in 2012," said founder and leader Tan Xiaoyong.
Many new home cooks are young people living in cities, say industry leaders. This group is used to eating in restaurants or getting food delivery. Now these people are cooking at home.Huang Yifeng, is a 28-year-old who works in Beijing, the capital. She was among those trapped at home in February. She says she spent a lot of time online, learning how to make bread and other foods. Chef Xiang explained that many of her online viewers expressed interest in discussing more than just food. "In the past, users were only interested in learning cooking tricks, but now we talk about all kinds of subjects."
1. What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably refer to?| A．pans and pots | B．cooks and viewers |
| C．salt and oil | D．books and recipes |
| A．Bilibili has more viewers than DayDayCook after the coronavirus broke out. |
| B．The recipe for bean curd and shrimp had the most purchasers. |
| C．People were only interested in learning cooking tricks when restricted to their homes. |
| D．In February, much more people than before had access to the trending cooking apps. |
| A．To provide readers with an example of how hot online cooking apps have become. |
| B．To serve as the background information of the passage. |
| C．To show it's easy to do business during the coronavirus outbreak. |
| D．To advertise the app DayDayCook. |
| A．The reason why people are used to eating in restaurants or getting food delivery. |
| B．The number of DayDayCook's new users from January to February. |
| C．The fact that western food is getting increasingly popular. |
| D．The trend of learning cooking tricks when trapped at home. |
【推荐3】One of China's biggest smartphone makers has never sold a phone in the country. Yet thousands of miles away, it dominates markets across Africa. Unknown in the West, Transsion has left global players like Samsung and Apple trailing in its wake in a continent that's home to more than a billion people.
In cities like Lagos, Nairobi and Addis Ababa, busy streets are filled with the bright blue shops of Transsion's brand. In China, the company doesn't have a single store, and its headquarter in the southern city of Shenzhen goes largely unnoticed among the names of more famous Chinese tech firms.
The company took a different path to success from other top Chinese smartphone makers such as Huawei and Xiaomi, which started out in China before eventually expanding overseas. Transsion built its business in Africa. And it has no plans to come home.
In Edna Mall in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, Mesert Baru poses for her Tecno Camon i. "This phone is seriously nice for selfies," says the 35-year-old shop assistant, admiring the picture she just took.
Mesert's satisfaction is no accident. The vice president of Transsion explained, "Our cameras adjust more light for darker skin, so the photograph is more beautiful, he says. "That's one of the reasons why we've become successful."
Transsion's founder George Zhu had spent nearly a decade traveling to Africa as a head of sales for another mobile phone company when he realized that selling Africans handsets, which were made for developed countries, was the wrong approach.
In 2006, Zhu launched Tecno in Nigeria, which has the most population in Africa . From the start, the company's motto was “think global, act local”, which meant making phones that met Africans, special needs.
Transsion opened research and development centers in China, Nigeria and Kenya to work out how to better appeal to African users. Local languages such as Amharic, Hausa and Swahili were added to keyboards and phones were given a longer battery life.
In Nigeria, South Africa and Ethiopia, for example, the government frequently shuts off electricity to conserve power, leaving people unable to charge their phones for hours. In less developed markets, such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Chowdhury says, consumers might have to walk 30 kilometers to charge their phones at the local market and have to pay to do so. "For those consumers, longer battery life is a blessing," he adds.
1. In which country do Transsion phones sell best?| A．China. | B．Africa. | C．Korea. | D．America. |
| A．the headquarter of Transsion is in Africa |
| B．Africans like taking pictures with their cameras |
| C．Nigeria has the most population in the world |
| D．Satisfying the needs of Africans made Transsion popular |
| A．watches. | B．keyboards. | C．cameras. | D．mobile phones. |
| A．Longer battery. | B．Lower prices. |
| C．More functions. | D．Easier operation |
【推荐1】Airports are mini cities, often with their own firefighters, doctors and even priests. But goat herders（牧工）? Passengers flying out of San Francisco International Airport recently might have caught a glimpse of something strange: nearly 600 goats chewing away at overgrown weed. Each spring the airport needs to remove the brush in a remote comer to protect nearby homes from possible fires.
For the past seven years, the airport has turned to Goats R Us, a goat-powered brush removal company, which charged US $34,900 for the service this year. A large amount, isn't it? Why not employ machines on humans? Two endangered species, the San Francisco garter snake（束带蛇）and the California red-legged frog, live there. Thus, this humane approach has been adopted to secure their peaceful life.
What do the herders and their dogs do? There's always a goat or two that would like to take a different path. "Just as a kindergarten teacher knows which kids need a little extra attention, so we will make sure the dogs can target the 'naughty goats' to keep them secure," says Terri Oyarzun, co-owner of Goats R Us. When asked how to lead goats to the next plot of plants. Terri says, "It's effortless. You know, the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence? Goats were the inspiration for that philosophy."
The goats travel 30 miles each spring from their home in Orinda, California to the airport in a 16-wheel truck. They spend two weeks cutting away a 20-foot firebreak on the west side of the airport. When Oyarzun's mats aren't clearing brush at the airport, they are busy doing similar work on the side of California's free-ways, at state parks, and anywhere else with overgrown vegetation. The family has about 8,000 total active goats, nearly twice that of three years ago.
1. What can we know from Paragraph 1?| A．There is too much grass to feed goats | B．Goats have successfully built firewalls. |
| C．Overgrown grass covers much room for planes. | D．Grass is cleared annually to prevent potential fire. |
| A．cutting down the expenses | B．reducing the risk of deaths |
| C．guarding against possible fires | D．protecting certain endangered species |
| A．critical | B．humorous | C．ridiculous | D．objective |
| A．The goats walk 30 miles to the airport every year. |
| B．More passengers have been attracted to the airport. |
| C．Oyarzun's business is now booming and promising. |
| D．Goats are not accustomed to life at the airport yet. |
【推荐2】Having friends may well keep you healthier and help you deal with stress better. Some studies show that people with close friends have a greater ability to fight disease than people who are alone.
Make friendship a priority. Find the time to be with friends even if it means letting the lawn go unmoved or the dishes unwashed for a while. When you can’t get together, use the phone to keep in touch.
Open up to close friends. Maintaining a deep friendship requires a level of “heartfelt” intimacy. Don’t be afraid to express your inner fears and disappointments. Listen to your friends when they have problems, but offer advice only when it’s wanted. Help raise friends’ self-esteem when they are shaken by a job loss, or other such events.
Have different friends for different activities, such as going to the movies, singing in a choir, and joining in a bowling league.
Don’t wait for a friend to ask a favor. When a friend has the flu, offer to go to the store or drive his or her children to their after-school activities.
Never take a friendship for granted. Like a good marriage, friendship needs care and patience. Become a joiner. Find a group that matches your interests.
Talk to strangers. Conversations started in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores can lead to firm friendship.
Enroll in an adult－education course. A classroom is an ideal place to meet others with similar interests.
1. People with close friends have a________ ability to fight disease than people who are alone.| A．less | B．greater | C．poorer | D．little |
| A．at any moment | B．only when they are happy |
| C．only when they want it | D．only when you are glad |
| A．Make friendship a priority. | B．Open up to close friends. |
| C．Never take a friendship for granted. | D．All the above. |
| A．You should have different friends for the same activities. |
| B．You should wait for a friend to ask a favor. |
| C．You should avoid talking with strangers in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores. |
| D．You should never take a friendship for granted. |
【推荐3】Most credit cards today use magnetic strips(磁条) that hold the encrypted(加密)data about the owner's bank account and personal identification number called a PIN. Other credit cards hold the data in memory chips that communicate wirelessly with card readers. Both systems are easy to be attacked. Criminals can secretly find a way to enter the computer systems of the banks or retailers(零售商), and steal the data illegally or,as in the case of Target,disturb the card readers in stores by implanting virus.
Now, scientists in Britain say they are developing a way to make encrypted data more secure by storing it in the plastic itself. Gordon Smith, a retired professor at Warwick Manufacturing Group, at the University of Warwick, says researchers are using a plastic molding(模具) machine to encrypt data with the colors of the card. "As it's making that plastic from a molten plastic into a solid component, we are moving the pigments(颜料) so that they form specific images.The way the pigment is arranged in a particular way inside the plastic ensures the security of the data.When the card is passed through a special scanner,similar to magnetic strip readers,the software reads the fixed image containing the data."When we first developed the images within the plastic,it looked as though it would just be an artistic aspect to it,but then we've realized that once we could make it covert,we could color the plastic so that the image was hidden,then it became something a lot more special.
Smith admits the system could be compromised if someone discovers how the card was made, but says that's unlikely. The counterfeiter would need to have access to an injection molding machine that costs more than $300,000.
The patent for this new method is not yet officially recognized,and it has not been used commercially at all. But Smith says some credit card companies have already indicated they are interested in the technology.
1. How do criminals threaten today's credit cards?| A．By robbing the users and damaging their cards. |
| B．By stealing the cards from banks or supermarkets. |
| C．By copying the card readers and using them in stores. |
| D．By programming the computer with virus to damage the data. |
| A．The data is not stored in the computer. | B．The data is secured by the colors of the card. |
| C．The data is invisible to criminals. | D．The data is hidden in a complex chip. |
| A．The card is made of plastics. |
| B．The system is secured with memory chips. |
| C．The injection molding machine is expensive. |
| D．Credit card companies will produce the cards secretly. |
| A．Criminal. | B．Inventor. | C．Discoverer. | D．Banker. |
