![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/976260cbf5e30856d4fd37a4b0a671a7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aeac921b936467bb4a262537616cfac2.png)
A. 游标卡尺
B. 螺旋测微器
C. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd03792c2bb898cc9effd2dc4036869f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0fd5d16bd2c1c2aa3e6ebbd2c534e3eb.png)
D. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/947e97835206d91d18ea14b68ed1b031.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0303b4d79507a7b7c1dccaecaebff5ef.png)
E. 电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14654dff90bd9912cc1ea0945fea0f38.png)
F. 滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d88d4e87bfa4fe97d1ec46ba6e8ed31.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14ba3ede0350b32e2d94c813d27f2183.png)
G. 滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/589c183718f7a66d748ab258ee5ee34d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
H. 蓄电池
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3088c2099211295de775ee33dd1d03fc.png)
I. 开关一个,带夹子的导线若干
(1)用游标卡尺测得该材料的长度如图甲所示。示数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/27/a73c290b-9e1a-423d-81d3-0737ef5dfb61.png?resizew=448)
(2)为了在测量中尽量减小误差,并测多组数据,电流表应选
(3)在方框中画出测量电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/27/00fb0758-27e4-427d-94e7-a46b90318d6d.png?resizew=200)
相似题推荐
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e6ef5ad75971a8c84aab39f2a01b448.png)
电压表(量程为15V,内阻约为30kΩ);
电流表(量程为300μA,内阻约为50Ω);
滑动变阻器(最大阻值为10Ω,允许通过的最大电流为0.1A);
电池组(电动势E=12V,内阻r=6Ω);
单刀单掷开关一个;
导线若干。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/11/6286d26f-babf-4b2c-898e-36bace60a0e2.png?resizew=545)
(1)该小组先用欧姆表粗测溶液电阻,他们先选择欧姆×100挡,欧姆调零后测量结果如图乙所示,为了使读数更精确些,接下来要进行的步骤是
A.换为×10挡,重新测量
B.换为×1k挡,重新测量
C.换为×10挡,先欧姆调零再测量
D.换为×1k挡,先欧姆调零再测量
(2)为了准确测量其阻值,并测量多组数据,请在图丙中用笔画线代替导线,将实物图补充完整
(3)实验时,仅多次改变两个电极板间距d,测得多组U、I数据,计算出对应的电阻R,描绘出R-d图线,根据图像可求出该导电溶液的电阻率ρ=
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c97ec04a1aa7ac6fce72d589864940a2.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/12/11/b821ea3c-c693-4991-886a-ac95478fa6d1.png?resizew=200)
(1)用螺旋测器测量它的直径d,如图甲所示,d=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/4/17/2184439070785536/2185745673895937/STEM/c8b81bb7-b2ee-48ef-8cce-14df7f733243.png?resizew=159)
(2)这是某次得的数据如下表记录
序号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
电压U(V) | 0 | 0.30 | 0.60 | 0.90 | 1.20 | 1.50 | 1.80 | 2.10 | 2.40 | 2.70 |
电流I(A) | 0 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.28 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.48 | 0.50 | 0.51 |
实验器材如图,现已完成部分导线的连接,请根据上表数据推测,用笔划线代替导线在图乙中完成余下导线的连接
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/4/17/2184439070785536/2185745673895937/STEM/968b6fdd-533f-440c-8ae8-cf1985ac3f88.png?resizew=242)
(3)若当电压表读数为U,电流表读数力I,则该电压下此金属丝的电阻率为
(4)某同学根据数据表,画出了该段金属丝的伏安特性曲线,如图丙,
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/4/17/2184439070785536/2185745673895937/STEM/e1826bc6-1259-4a20-9765-ab10b4ee01eb.png?resizew=236)
①将这段金属丝接在一电动势为3V,内阻为1Ω的电源两端,这段金属丝的电功率为
②如图丁,取长度为x的该种金属电阻丝,与①中电源,定值电阻R=4.5Ω串联成闭合回路,恰使金属电阻丝功率最大,则x为L的
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2019/4/17/2184439070785536/2185745673895937/STEM/3a19c3fd-3da2-4038-a3be-95b7b04282e3.png?resizew=154)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/5/2586229085642752/2586660274659328/STEM/5951088e-87a9-4665-ace6-7ffa340c25d5.png?resizew=455)
(2)在“测定金属的电阻率”的实验中,以下操作错误的是
A.用米尺测量金属丝的全长,且测量三次,算出平均值,然后再将金属丝接入电路中
B.用螺旋测微器在金属丝三个不同部位各测量一次直径,算出其平均值
C.用伏安法测电阻时采用电流表内接法,多次测量后算出平均值
D.实验中应保持金属丝的温度不变
(3)有一额定电压为10V、额定功率在10W~15W之间的用电器,小李同学想测定它的额定功率。实验室的工作人员提供了以下实验器材供其选用:
A.直流电源E一个(电动势为15V,内阻不计)
B.直流电压表V一个量程为0~3V,内阻为2kΩ)
C.直流电流表A一个(双量程0-0.6A~3A,内阻约为20Ω和4Ω)
D.滑动变阻器一个:R(规格0~5Ω、3.8A)
E.定值电阻三个:R1=2kΩ,R2=4kΩ,R3=6kΩ
F.单刀单掷开关1个,导线若干根
①小李同学研究以后发现,电压表量程不能满足实验要求。为完成测量,他将电压表进行了改装:在电压表V上串联一个定值电阻,利用分压关系,以满足电表偏转的要求,在三个给定的定值电阻中应选用
②改装后的电压表用V表示,选好器材后,他设计了三个实验电路图,如图所示,根据实验的要求,电路
A.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/5/2586229085642752/2586660274659328/STEM/8906f4a8-3c07-47e0-b1ac-6195f052ee4d.png?resizew=145)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/5/2586229085642752/2586660274659328/STEM/2f2c52d4-8850-4df1-ae22-8e21b6c83956.png?resizew=146)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/11/5/2586229085642752/2586660274659328/STEM/2793166d-d864-4f08-b8b5-1d8c5a09cf19.png?resizew=147)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/12/11/2611913116925952/2612530551627776/STEM/51beb8d9-ecab-440e-af38-6cf58374b64c.png?resizew=175)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,其读数应为
(2)用伏安法测金属丝的电阻Rx。实验所用器材为:
电池组(电动势3 V,内阻约1 Ω)、
电流表(内阻约0.1 Ω)、
电压表(内阻约3 kΩ)、
滑动变阻器R(0~20 Ω,额定电流2 A)、
开关、导线若干。
某小组同学利用以上器材正确连接好电路,进行实验测量,记录数据如下:
次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
U/V | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 1.70 | 2.30 |
I/A | 0.020 | 0.060 | 0.160 | 0.220 | 0.340 | 0.460 | 0.520 |
由以上实验数据可知,他们测量Rx是采用
(3)开关闭合前,滑动变阻器的滑片应置于最
(4)本实验中测量出来的电阻比真实值
(5)电压表的读数U,电流表读数为I,直径为D,长度为L,则电阻率等于
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2020/12/11/2611913116925952/2612530551627776/STEM/bcf98697-8a5c-4e21-aa37-e7c13d351ca3.png?resizew=325)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
(2)实验中先闭合开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9d43eb0b274e00cbbc4a210da4165042.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe5cb81b72e94f92d2aaecd553daac2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/84abbfb85a00f48b5db11eeb76b8d134.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/530f5b63e797195906285c0c03eb9276.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/84abbfb85a00f48b5db11eeb76b8d134.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dbe5cb81b72e94f92d2aaecd553daac2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/84abbfb85a00f48b5db11eeb76b8d134.png)
(3)多次拉伸导电绳,重复上面的实验,利用获得的多组数据绘制的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/16c4a9b37f9cba28380ad754828798cc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
(1)实验开始前,用螺旋测微器测量合金丝的直径,图1读数为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/21/9b0bbe22-aa4b-403b-a8fd-668e34dfac9a.png?resizew=118)
(2)某同学采用分压电路和电流表内接法,取这段合金丝绕在半径为0.3m的量角器上,连成图2所示电路。闭合开关前,请老师检查,发现导线
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/21/3811cf5d-3346-418b-958b-c37265c80599.png?resizew=270)
(3)改变金属夹位置,通过调节滑动变阻器保持电压表示数始终为1.00V,记录电流表的示数I与接入电路的合金丝所对应的圆心角θ,根据实验数据在图3中作出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cc5495fb386392295ba233f770479956.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/21/3b6ff153-ebd0-4fff-9702-c1123009df35.png?resizew=297)
【推荐1】某实验小组测量一粗细均匀金属丝的电阻率,已知金属丝的长度。
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,示数如图甲所示,其直径为
(2)用多用电表粗测金属丝的阻值,当用“×1”挡测量时,指针位置如图乙所示,其读数为
(3)为了精确地测量金属丝的电阻,实验室提供了下列器材:
A.电流表(量程500μA,内阻200Ω)
B.电流表(量程0.3A,内阻约0.1Ω)
C.滑动变阻器(0~5Ω,额定电流1.0A)
D.滑动变阻器(0~1000Ω,额定电流0.5A)
E.电阻箱R(阻值范围为0~9999.9Ω)
F.电源(电动势3.0V,内阻约0.2Ω)
G.开关S、导线若干
①实验小组设计的实验电路图如图丙所示。由于没有电压表,需要把电流表串联电阻箱R改装成量程为3V的电压表,则电阻箱的阻值应调为
”或“
”);
②正确连接电路后,闭合开关,调节滑动变阻器测得5组电流表、
的值
、
,由数据作出
图像如图丁所示,则
(4)该金属丝的电阻率为
A. B.
C.
(5)关于本实验的误差,下列说法正确的是
A.用图像处理实验数据可以减小偶然误差
B.为减小误差,电表读数时应多估读几位数
C.用螺旋测微器测量金属丝直径时,由于读数引起的误差属于系统误差
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/10/10/b3accdc4-c087-4b50-9f9f-5265620ce204.png?resizew=185)
(1)实验时,闭合开关S,滑动变阻器的滑片滑至合适位置保持不变,将c点先后与a、b点连接,发现电压表示数变化较大,电流表示数基本不变,则测量时应将c点接
(2)除电源(电动势
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3e0a6f3b59a4cca5721ec634408d197.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4a6bb65878785532d817f8fd11a9ef3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/951f5dfc2ee88b950c0a4322d9236ce4.png)
A.电流表(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b5c929172bbfc21741fa7ef1f53b7bb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5d0210026c88ec845716829b24ecc77f.png)
B.电流表(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/881cf9cbfbbf7bb84f8ca2f3db9ca2f1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b81e5ab0fecd0c19a6c093f331d10bf9.png)
C.滑动变阻器(最大阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/78aa8e890d2ac882e0fe79598811777a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
D.滑动变阻器(最大阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ba93a05f0c780e64378f5e6361a9dad.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14ba3ede0350b32e2d94c813d27f2183.png)
为了调节方便、测量准确,实验中电流表应选用
(3)小明某次实验时电流表的示数如图所示,其读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e43cca5751eff3d24b64cb51006d6d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cffa35373ec4e4684107b42adb7a5161.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/10/10/c1b1b799-8f5b-4d05-bdaf-183749dea9f1.png?resizew=432)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/7/879772f1-c0ca-43ee-a6d6-b12bf0832354.png?resizew=291)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,其中某一次测量结果如图甲所示,其示数为
(2)用伏安法测金属丝的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
U/V | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 1.70 | 2.30 |
I/A | 0.022 | 0.068 | 0.160 | 0.220 | 0.340 | 0.460 | 0.520 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e43cca5751eff3d24b64cb51006d6d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4e43cca5751eff3d24b64cb51006d6d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/7/7/ae97489d-5a16-4e61-8d98-3869cc6cd8f3.png?resizew=267)
(3)根据以上数据可以估算出金属丝的电阻率约为
A.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ff5458b5cc41a435bad70cb64146ac4d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ada36b5423049e9530339f6d8e8ad331.png)
C.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b92d812dea51a875cf274fd8c8bef160.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9675859971b539c57c11864a01071a2f.png)