![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/21/1291984a-d30a-46c1-bf34-accc551bc29c.png?resizew=400)
(1)用如图甲所示的游标卡尺测新材料制成的圆柱体长度,其读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efa9fbcfb9595e2f031aa691db4564b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(2)先用多用电表粗测其电阻为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/aeac921b936467bb4a262537616cfac2.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/11/21/62206308-b0c5-41bf-a036-5f9ed0f4baae.png?resizew=203)
A.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d64b26bd3eaeebadf07fef49e260282.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/549b8489b17608927e9ba3f6d2da1f16.png)
B.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ae62ccc477cd41615b417464841047f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c2ab5e570e63c28918742f29cb47c69.png)
C.电流表A(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5c5c631f2750511e61b1fbcca001dd5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a9b927d30c402340c928af5aa1c3a002.png)
E.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ccdcc6bede12b24080797107c96837ba.png)
F.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ec6ec06bd32883db9b4ea250b06d4313.png)
G.开关S,导线若干
测滑动变阻器应选
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/46ad1a9cd19361d1f7a2340d76d50c80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
相似题推荐
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/26/2859858957819904/2860337380237312/STEM/3656aa70-2018-4e56-955c-0f2b9ced2b5c.png?resizew=147)
(1)从图中读出金属丝的直径为
(2)为此取来两节新的干电池、开关、若干导线及下列器材:
A.电压表0~3V,内阻10kΩ
B.电压表0~15V,内阻50kΩ
C.电流表0~0.6A,内阻0.05Ω
D.电流表0~3A,内阻0.01Ω
E.滑动变阻器,0~10Ω
F.滑动变阻器,0~100Ω
要求较准确地测出其阻值,电流表应选
(3)实验中,以下操作正确的是
A.用米尺测量金属丝的全长,且测量三次,算出其平均值,然后再将金属丝接入电路中
B.用螺旋测微器在被测金属丝三个不同部位各测量一次直径,算出其平均值
C.用伏安法测电阻时,采用电流表内接法,多次测量后算出平均值
D.实验中应保持金属丝的温度不变
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ad33a3c4fd2fdbcfba36c45fc5d5a3a9.png)
水(![]() ![]() | 500 | 50 | 5 |
溶解的固体含量/(![]() | 0.010 | 0.100 | 1.00 |
水(![]() ![]() | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0.01 |
溶解的固体含量/(![]() | 10 | 50 | 500 |
小聪将水样通过阀门
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8b974c96430d008f93e1698c6d71a604.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e928d84649517bb8abe8829ede45c5f0.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2022/2/9/2912751262793728/2912907232468992/STEM/ea32e1f6-2c57-4b32-ad67-e9285ea830d1.png?resizew=319)
(1)在如图乙所示的电路中,
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
(2)此固体含量计上较小的固体含量值对应电流表的电流值
(3)某次测量时,电流表的指针恰好半偏,测得该容器两电极间的长度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c02bc0c74292b1e8f395f90935d3174.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e7054df2cf4aa5fb5136161518b7dd5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8991b8ef8d1dc326116d0b444053bac9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5b124139673bdd764c3a80cb52bd6a8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3c8ef15493be522373e9efc8b1b0b3c9.png)
(1)用游标为20分度的卡尺测量其长度如图,由图可知其长度为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/12/7/1833210921205760/1837022022344704/STEM/d0341759252f404a9085ae5d24538266.png?resizew=450)
(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图,由图可知其直径为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2017/12/7/1833210921205760/1837022022344704/STEM/004944502c374f2389b5325c4a6755be.png?resizew=309)
(3)用多用电表的电阻“×10”挡,按正确的操作步骤测此圆柱体的电阻,表盘的示数如图,则该电阻的阻值约为
(4)该同学想用伏安法更精确地测量其电阻R,现有的器材及其代号和规格如下:
待测圆柱体电阻R
电流表A1(量程0~4 mA,内阻约50 Ω) 电流表A2(量程0~10 mA,内阻约30 Ω)
电压表V1(量程0~3 V,内阻约10 kΩ) 电压表V2(量程0~15 V,内阻约25 kΩ)
直流电源E(电动势4 V,内阻不计)
滑动变阻器R1(阻值范围0~15 Ω,允许通过的最大电流2.0 A)
滑动变阻器R2(阻值范围0~2 kΩ,允许通过的最大电流0.5 A)
开关S,导线若干。
为使实验误差较小,电流表应选
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6e278c32ede0c61f56cb6c0dc50dc29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f66de503c8055c43644b847eba74b50f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e9fd79de5050f5960c9478154c48e830.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d73c327d0f1396ddc8f8a4c1662cd626.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d941822843eff28c70023ea38051c307.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd842426cfa6e92c5dfbd52d6ada1104.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ac2aa4ec55c8857efd709b13691c82c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e3e0a6f3b59a4cca5721ec634408d197.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d73e3afd9125734e380b2fe53d0f258.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/deb4bcbd9cbba7000bf5154da782db51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c117c482b73f77e39cfffe4292cb648d.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/30/2883511281778688/2883753069813760/STEM/f3f23b61-e400-49e8-b4fe-3064ed4c716c.png?resizew=112)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量电阻丝的直径,如图所示,则电阻丝的直径为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(2)①为了使测量有尽可能高的精度,电流表应选
②实验电路应选择下列电路中的
A.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/30/2883511281778688/2883753069813760/STEM/db4b0fe2-6fe7-41c6-a51b-3d1e68952d0f.png?resizew=159)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/30/2883511281778688/2883753069813760/STEM/d615d0f4-fbf8-4477-948a-2916ac72c313.png?resizew=169)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/30/2883511281778688/2883753069813760/STEM/a38d9d2b-9f76-4925-a4c6-21228efab07f.png?resizew=180)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/30/2883511281778688/2883753069813760/STEM/db6ada39-755c-446d-8013-da18e1dfec4b.png?resizew=159)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/31/d8515dd7-3fb0-49d8-9d35-e3fb636c1d1d.png?resizew=388)
(1)分别用螺旋测微器测出其直径、用游标卡尺测出其长度,如甲图所示,则金属丝的直径
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c98c59cd4749afdd21e73529fc84323.png)
(2)用乙图所示电路图测量电阻丝的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/31/fd08d47f-720b-479a-9ca9-201ad2a1163c.png?resizew=517)
(3)第一次按乙图所示的电路测量,调节滑动变阻器的滑片,测得多组电压U及电流I的值;第二次将电压表改接在a、b两点测量,测得多组电压 U及电流I的值,并根据两次测量结果分别作出U-I图像,如丁图所示。则第一次测量得到的图线是
(4)电压表可看作理想电表,由U-I图像可得电阻丝的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04bd482c8aa483cd59b4c22636960fe0.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/31/e74bf2ff-a73e-432b-8014-3358aa7222f9.png?resizew=274)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/7/89fa80ee-7149-494e-9fd1-a2c202f6d6e7.png?resizew=236)
①由图求出弹簧的劲度系数k=
②图线不过原点的原因是:
③橡皮筋也像弹簧一样,在弹性限度内弹力F与伸长量x成正比,即F=kx,式中k值与橡皮筋的原长l0、横截面积S有关.理论与实验都表明
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2018/6/6/1961605924626432/1963410999132160/STEM/c82631d8734e4f20b4bb6ff8a46ad46a.png?resizew=42)
A.N B.m C.N/m D.N/m2
(2)2014年10月7日三位日本科学家因发明“高亮度蓝色发光二极管”获得本年度诺贝尔物理学奖,发光二极管简称为LED.因其工作电压低、能耗低、寿命长而得到普遍推广,现已经走进了我们的生活.某实验小组要精确测定额定电压为3 V的LED灯正常工作时的电阻,已知该灯正常工作时电阻大约500Ω,电学符号与小灯泡电学符号相同.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/8/7/24146d3c-461f-4767-ac23-b02ff87d4103.png?resizew=180)
实验室提供的器材有:
A.电流表A1(量程为0~10 mA,内阻RA1约为3Ω)
B.电流表A2(量程为0~3 mA,内阻RA2=15Ω)
C.定值电阻R1=697Ω
D.定值电阻R2=1985Ω
E.滑动变阻器R(0~20Ω)一只
F.电压表V(量程为0~12 V,内阻RV约1kΩ)
G.蓄电池E(电动势为12 V,内阻很小)
F.开关S一只
①小组采用如图所示电路图测量,请选择合适的器材将图补充完整,电表1为
②若电表1的示数为x,电表2的示数为y,请写出测量LED灯正常工作时的电阻表达式Rx=
(1)用螺旋测微器测量某一导线的直径如图所示,读得直径
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c98c59cd4749afdd21e73529fc84323.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/3/88f32156-bbf0-482a-aa7c-5ae14b4e7eed.png?resizew=221)
(2)该同学经实验测量及相关计算得到如下数据:
电阻 | 121.0 | 50.0 | 23.9 | 10.0 | 3.1 |
导线直径d/mm | 0.801 | 0.999 | 1.200 | 1.494 | 1.998 |
导线横截面积 | 0.504 | 0.783 | 1.131 | 1.752 | 3.134 |
【推荐2】某同学要测量一个由均匀新材料制成的实心圆柱体电阻的电阻率,步骤如下:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/10/30/00fa406b-2b73-463c-8e16-94e7065783a7.png?resizew=812)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图甲所示,可知其直径为
如图乙所示,可知其长度为
(2)用多用电表的欧姆挡测量金属电阻,选择欧姆挡“×10”后,发现指针如丙图a所示,以下给出的是接下来可能的实验操作步骤,其中S为选择开关,P为欧姆调零旋钮,把你认为正确步骤前的字母按合理的顺序填写在横线上:
a. 将两表笔短接,调节P使指针对准刻度盘上欧姆挡的零刻度,断开两表笔
b. 将两表笔分别连接到被测电阻的两端,读出的阻值后,断开两表笔
c. 旋转S使其尖端对准欧姆挡“×100”
d. 旋转S使其尖端对准欧姆挡“×1”
e. 旋转S使其尖端对准交流500V挡,并拔出两表笔
按正确的操作步骤测此电阻,表盘的示数如图丙b,则该圆柱体的阻值约为
(3)为更精确地测量其电阻,可供选择的器材如下:
A. 电流表(0~200 mA,约1.0Ω) B. 电流表(0~0.6A,约0.1Ω)
C. 电压表(0~3V,约6kΩ) D. 电压表(0~15 V,约6 kΩ)
E. 滑动变阻器(0~10kΩ, 2A) F. 滑动变阻器(0~20Ω,0.5A)
G. 蓄电池(5 V,0.05Ω) H. 开关一个,带夹子的导线若干
为使测量尽量准确,电压表应选
(4)为了多测几组数据,并且尽量精确测量圆柱体电阻,请在图中用笔画线代替导线完成实物电路连接
(5)某次测金属丝的电压如图所示,则电压表的读数为
(6)实验中要测量的物理量有电压表读数U, 电流表读数I, 电阻长度l,直径d,则计算圆柱体电阻的电阻率ρ的表达式为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294405050368/2881045285707776/STEM/8f6b063c-ad36-424b-9d9f-70cdfac67471.png?resizew=457)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294405050368/2881045285707776/STEM/f448aa26-c44e-4822-9f5a-5dc070d095a5.png?resizew=300)
(1)请在图丙中添加连线连接成与图乙对应的实验实物图
(2)断开K1,用上述测试电路在1和1′之间检测得知电热线无故障,然后测得电热线的U—I图像如图丁所示。已知电热线材料的电阻率为2.85 × 10 - 7Ω·m,电热线的直径为0.160mm。可求得此电热线的电阻为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294405050368/2881045285707776/STEM/35d5cfdd-3410-4dbf-9a4f-c4ff44c36b7f.png?resizew=420)
(3)为了进一步检查故障,该同学闭合开关K1和K2,用表笔A和B分别对图甲中所示的各点进行测试,部分测试结果如下表所示。由此测试结果可判断出电路有断路,位置在
测试点 | 3和3′ | 2和3 | 1和1′ | 1′和2 | 1′和3′ | |
电表指针 有无偏转 | 电压表 | 有 | 无 | 有 | 有 | 无 |
电流表 | 无 | 有 | 有 | 无 | 有 |
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/459e18b208d212d7a546af7d891f7441.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/11/2849006668537856/2852632750112768/STEM/5688b962-2a6f-40a0-b0f0-6c70c431b8f1.png?resizew=336)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/459e18b208d212d7a546af7d891f7441.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31ff67e41013d12d04da74d4f489de46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b02856d4ba75f28af574ce0a064854a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/31ff67e41013d12d04da74d4f489de46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1b02856d4ba75f28af574ce0a064854a.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/5/0a7439af-586c-492e-aca0-8de2e40eea49.png?resizew=408)
(2)在“测定电源的电动势和内电阻”的实验中,备有下列器材:
A.待测的干电池一节
B.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6746e832303fe6dfeb05145892b35574.png)
C.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d98aa0e1ea91465d1c4ce29b1598592c.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
E.电阻箱
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
F.开关和若干导线
①某同学发现上述器材中没有电压表,他想利用其中的一个电流表和电阻箱改装成一块电压表,其量程为0~3V,并设计了图甲所示的a、b两个参考实验电路(虚线框内为改装电压表的电路),其中合理的是
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/be9b4a83b9aebebf29de0c4406ebf894.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/5/4d47f1da-3b8e-49c8-9532-17b6df2df778.png?resizew=398)
②如图为该同学根据合理电路所绘出的
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/968a1a8ac28f210bff2b6ae17955abce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f1ac49b4139636fb1809fe970b23a87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d1a0fd1ad044a9ecfcba672779bd678.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/12/5/63abf3c1-6f41-4bb1-914e-e056d5c0e546.png?resizew=304)
【推荐3】在“测量金属丝的电阻率”的实验中,实验小组的同学测量一段阻值约为5Ω、粗细均匀金属丝的电阻率。
(1)用螺旋测微器分别在三个不同的位置测量金属丝的直径,某次示数如图甲所示,该次测量值为
(2)实验小组的同学采用图乙所示的电路图,用伏安法测金属丝的电阻Rx,现有电源(电动势为3.0V,内阻可忽略不计),开关和导线若干,以及下列器材:
A.电压表V1(量程0~3V,内阻约3kΩ)
B.电压表V2(量程0~15V,内阻约15kΩ)
C.电流表A1(量程0~3A,内阻约0.025Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程0~0.6A,内阻约0.125Ω)
E.滑动变阻器R1(0~5Ω,3A)
F.滑动变阻器R2(0~1000Ω,0.5A)
①为减小测量误差,在实验中,电压表应选用
②图丙是测量Rx的实验器材实物图,图中已连接了部分导线。请根据图乙的电路图,补充完成图丙中实物间的连线
(3)测量出金属丝直径为d,长度为L,电压表示数为U,电流表示数为I,则该金属丝电阻率测量值的表达式=