One of the easiest ways to stop the spread of disease (疾病) is to simply wash your hands. Twenty seconds of handwashing with soap and water can lower _______ and save lives. But many people, especially children, do not have good handwashing habits. One _______ is that children do not wash their hands often enough or long enough. Children may think that it is a _______ thing to do.

To help _______ this problem, Amanat Anand and Shubham Issar from India created a product called the SoaPen to turn handwashing into a fun activity.

As the name suggests, the SoaPen is a pen made out of soap. The children draw on their hands with the soap pen and then wash it off. If they do not spend enough time washing it off, the colors will remain on the children’s hands. It’s a fun _______ to teach kids how to wash their hands.

Issar said the SoaPen is invented to teach kids good handwashing habits and it ensures that children spend enough time washing their hands. This may be especially _______ in a classroom. Often a teacher does not have the time to ensure that each child has washed their hands _______.

“Kids actually wash their hands for the proper amount of time _______ they’re drawing on their hands, and under water they have to rub (摩擦) really hard to remove the drawing. So they are actually washing their hands _______ just going under water.”

The product could have a great influence on public health. The United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) reports that 1.5 million children __________ each year as a result of diarrhea (腹泻). UNICEF says good handwashing habits could lower that number by 40 percent.

Our world is shaped by design

Nearly everything you use in daily life requires thoughtful design.

A book cover that interests you to read, an app that keeps you exercising, a search engine （引擎）that is easy to use ... these all require good design. Good design makes our lives easier and better. But what makes good design?

Fortune magazine recently listed the 100 greatest designs of modern times. The list shows a clear change in design philosophy（理念）over the past decades（数十年）, according to Fortune.

In the 1950s, design mostly meant the aesthetics （美学） of a product, such as the sleek（造型优美的）design of a sports car. But today, the focus is on how it can solve problems and change society in a positive way.

One example is Google Search. No.3 on the list, the search engine is seen as a great design not because its pages look pretty, but because it organizes a huge amount of information in a smart way and allows people to find anything they want just by typing in one simple box. Its value lies in bringing knowledge and information to everyone.

The top design, Apple’s iPhone, was not chosen because of its physical appearance. People were more impressed（印象深刻的）by how the iPhone has made life easier for its users.

“The iPhone is a flexible（灵活的）...design that becomes whatever each user wants it to be,” said Kathleen Brandenburg, a world famous designer. In Apple’s App Store, people from all walks of life can create their own apps for different purposes. By providing a platform（平台）for people to be creative, the iPhone provides users with great possibilities.

The Chinese app WeChat is also on the list. It offers many kinds of functions（功能）, including messaging, video calling and online payment. It’s a “one-stop shop that makes our life much easier,” Fortune wrote.