On Nov 8, Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, became China’s first and the world’s 16th female space walker. The expected six-month journey in space has left many curious about the differences between male and female astronauts, especially in terms of performing extravehicular (舱外的) activities (EVAs). Despite (即使) physical challenges, female astronauts have unique (独一无二的) advantages.
Understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out EVAs, which is based on excellent communication skills. Women are superior (更好的) in communication and language expression, and this helps female astronauts do extravehicular activities, according to Yang Yuguang, vice chair of Space Transportation Committee of the International Astronautical Federation.
Men and women are different in body size, which also gives women unique advantages for spacewalks. “Their generally smaller size is an advantage, as women will be able to control their weight better and perform a wider variety of tasks,” Pang told China Daily.
Women in general weigh less, eat less food, consume less oxygen (氧气), and therefore required less fuel (燃料) to get into space. A taikonaut must weigh between 55 kilograms and 70 kilograms to fit in the cabin of spacecraft and consume less fuel, according to CGIN.
A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. A tailor-made spacesuit was prepared for Wang’s extravehicular activities, which was lighter than the males’. Designers optimized the pattern of this spacesuit in the lower limb (下肢) area to make it more suitable for astronauts with slimmer figures.
According to Pang, many studies have found that female astronauts are more suitable for space missions, and have advantages over male astronauts in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking comprehensively (全面地).
Men tend to excel in shorter-term, goal-oriented (目标导向的) situations while women are better in longer-term habitation-type (居住类) circumstances, according to National Geographic.
Women’s participation in EVAs is an integral (不可缺少的) part of space missions, and we are witnessing history thanks to Wang’s bravery, according to Yang.
1. What do we know about Wang’s extravehicular activities?| A．She is the first ever female space walker. |
| B．The mission was planned to show gender equality. |
| C．She performed some tasks that her male partners couldn’t do. |
| D．The spacesuit she wore was specially designed. |
| A．make something better | B．make something worse |
| C．make something colourful | D．make something colourless |
| A．Females have better communication skills. |
| B．Females deal with goal-oriented situations better than males. |
| C．Female bodies are stronger and more flexible. |
| D．Females can adapt to space more quickly. |
| A．The challenges female astronauts face during a spacewalk. |
| B．The importance of females doing extravehicular activities. |
| C．The advantages of females doing extravehicular activities. |
| D．The preparations for the females to carry out space mission. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Our neighbors are those who live near us. ①Generally we know them best; often they are our closest friends. Have you ever stopped to think that slowly but surely all the people of the world are coming to be neighbors?
Swift airplanes and trains, giant steamships, the radio and the Internet are bringing the nations of the world closer and closer together.
The people of Japan suffer death and destruction from a terrible earthquake. In a few hours the whole world knows about it, and nations rush to the rescue with food, money, and messages of sympathy. Boy Scouts (童子军) from all over the world meet in a great jamboree, and James Brown from America finds that Ivor Stannik from Poland, Giacomo Spadoni from Italy, and Ole Siostrand from Sweden are much like himself and the boys he knows at home.
In times of long ago, before the news of the world could travel so swiftly and people could journey great distances so easily, every stranger was an enemy. ②Tribes and nations were almost always at war. But now we live so close together that we must be friends if this is to be a happy world.
③We must understand and respect the people of other nations. When you read about people of foreign lands, notice that ④they have qualities that make you want to be friends with them. You may find some of them much like yourself.
In the stories you are now to read, you will visit some young citizens of other countries. Think of them as distant but friendly neighbors.
1. In the author’s view, what makes nations closer to each other?| A．More and more international events. | B．Natural disasters happing around the world. |
| C．The development of technology. | D．The friendship between nations. |
| A．5. | B．4. | C．6. | D．3. |
| A．Sentence ① | B．Sentence ② | C．Sentence ③ | D．Sentence ④ |
| A．All nations are neighbors. | B．All people live in one world. |
| C．Be friends instead of enemies. | D．Love and respect others. |
【推荐2】Beep! Beep! Beep! The barcode (条形码) technology (科技) makes it faster and easier to buy things in stores. This year, the great invention is 51 years old!
On a Sunday afternoon in 1971, an IBM engineer named George Laurer came up with a code (代码) that could be printed on food packages (包装). Based on this code, a complete code system came into being later. The system was used by many companies from 1973. Before this, shopkeepers had to write down prices by hand, which took much time and energy.
Actually, a barcode is really a simple idea: show each product’s information in different numbers (just like the ID card number for the product), then include these numbers into a code and print it for computers to read. It has turned out to be a really great invention.
What information does a barcode carry? Where the product comes from, its price, production date… you name it. It can also help stores always know about their products. For example, if there are 10 boxes of milk and a customer buys one, it will be recorded so that the store owner knows there are nine boxes left on the shelf. In the 1980s, libraries started using barcodes to follow their books in this way.
Inspired (启发) by it, the more developed codes have been invented later, such as QR codes. QR codes can hold more information. They can tell customers what materials are used in a product or if the product is suitable for certain people. This keeps providing the customers with greater trust in the products they will buy.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?| A．The code system was made in the morning. |
| B．Many companies began to use barcodes in 1971. |
| C．The IBM engineer named George Laurer is 51 years old now. |
| D．It was hard to record products’ prices before barcodes were invented. |
| A．Libraries use QR codes to follow their books. |
| B．QR codes have a history of more than 50 years. |
| C．People use QR codes more often than barcodes now. |
| D．The barcode can be used to record the number of products. |
| A．To show some changes of stores. | B．To call on people to use barcodes. |
| C．To introduce a great invention to people. | D．To introduce a great engineer to people. |
【推荐3】Do you want to enjoy a family trip to Europe and save money at the same time? Here are five tips that can help you.
Eat out less often
To save money, try going out for one meal each day and having the rest meals at “home”. Certainly, this isn’t possible if you live in a hotel room instead of a home stay(民宿) with a kitchen.
Travel by train
You can travel across Europe safely, easily and cheaply because of its high—speed trains. Traveling by train costs much less than traveling by air and you don’t have to worry about airport security checks(安检).
Don’t make too many plans
You might feel satisfied when you make days and nights full of tours. However, it’s not a good way of traveling because you may be too tired to enjoy yourself. You’d better just plan to do one big thing each day.
Take part in free activities
Especially in big cities, you’ll find many free or cheap things to do. City parks, museums, squares and the seaside are all good places for kids.
1. You can stay in a hotel with a_________to save money.A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．It’s easy. | B．It’s cheap. | C．It’s safe. | D．It’s comfortable. |
| A．郁闷的 | B．满足的 | C．残酷的 | D．失望的 |
| A．Have one meal at “home” each day. | B．Plan to do many things each day. |
| C．Visit some free or cheap places. | D．Take the free bus and train in cities. |
| A．a travel book | B．a newspaper | C．a storybook | D．a science book |
On the afternoon of March 23, 2022, Chinese astronauts on board China’s Tiangong space station gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth. It was a great success. Do you still remember the first space lesson hosted by Wang Yaping in 2013? Helped by the other two astronauts, she gave the lesson to more than 60 million school children all over the country.
While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons in his classroom. “Moon…stars…a rocket to the sky,” Wang explained his work in a cheerful voice. At that time, he and more than 100 other disabled students were enjoying the lesson given by Wang Yaping, who talked about movements in micro-gravity (微重力) environments. “Zero gravity!” Qian Shaohong, another student at the school, shouted when he saw astronaut Nie Haisheng making a show of crossing his legs in mid-air. “Scientific knowledge has helped open a window for the children to know about the world,” said Zhang Yini, a teacher at the school.
The lesson also increased interest in space science among teenagers living on the “roof (屋脊) of the world”. “I was most interested in the presentation of the ‘water ball’ in a gravity-free environment. It’s really amazing,” said Rigzin Jigme Doje, a high school student in Lhasa, Tibet. Describing himself as a lover of physics, Doje said the lesson helped him stay true to his dream of becoming a physicist.
The lesson also encouraged other Tibetan school children to relate the mysterious world of outer space to their hometown.
1. Which picture shows Nie Haisheng’s body movement according to the text?A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．Wang Yaping’s talk on micro-gravity environments. |
| B．The influence of the space lesson on the disabled students. |
| C．The efforts of the disabled students in a special school. |
| D．A 10-year-old student’s dream of sending a rocket to the sky. |
| A．He liked drawing stars. | B．He talked a lot about his work. |
| C．He was a primary school student. | D．He was in love with physics. |
| A．had a new view of their high schools |
| B．got an amazing “water ball” in space |
| C．increased an understanding of “the roof of the world” |
| D．developed a deep interest in the world of outer space |
【推荐2】Seeing the stars
Shenzhou XVI spaceship successfully reached space on May 30. There are three people in the spaceship: Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yangzhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37.
Both Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts. They were picked in 2020 from a group of researchers and engineers (工程师). One woman and 17 men were picked. And they are in three groups. One group is spacecraft pilots (飞行员) .
Everything in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals. Science payload specialists are scientists in the spaceship.
Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention because astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted (近视的) .
| A．Or there might be problems. |
| B．But picking specialists is different from picking other astronauts. |
| C．They do research in space. |
| D．They are special in many ways. |
| E．They have already been to space for many times. |
| F．They “fly” the spaceship. |
【推荐3】On the morning of Nov. 24, China made history by starting the world’s first lunar return mission(月球返回任务)of the past 44 years. On that day, a Long March 5 rocket was sent into space by carrying the Chang’e 5. The mission lasted for 23 days and it is special for several reasons.
A return mission
Chang’e 5 marked China’s first take off from the moon to carry samples(标本)back. This success shows China has mastered the technology for travelling between the Earth and the Moon, which also will help with China’s future space research. The last lunar sample return mission was Luna 24 of the former Soviet Union(苏联)in 1976.
Larger samples
Chang’e 5 collected 1,731g of lunar samples, while the former Soviet Union sent back only 330g. “These samples will be a treasure,” said a US Professor Jolliff, “My hat is off to Chinese scientists for completing a very difficult mission.”
A new landing site
Chang’e 5’s lunar landing site is known as the Ocean of Storms. It’s on the near side of the moon. No probes( 探测器 )have visited that place before. The samples collected here provide the youngest ones ever tested: just 1.2 billion years old. Samples from the U.S. and the former Soviet Union landing sites are more than 3 billion years old, scientists say.
1. From the first paragraph, we know that ________.| A．Chang’e 5 is a rocket |
| B．Chang’e 5 returned on No. 24 |
| C．the mission started 44 years ago |
| D．the mission lasted over three weeks |
| A．respect | B．hope | C．surprise | D．happiness |
| A．it’s most likely to have water |
| B．it’s not difficult to land there |
| C．younger samples may be found there |
| D．other countries lander probes before |
