Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to use toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to communicate with their parents, grandparents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn subjects like reading, writing, and maths. They also continue to learn a lot outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for communicating with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to deal with many changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and influences almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Scientists, social workers and other human service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people’s behaviors.
Learning is closely related (相关的) to memory, which is the storage(储存) of information in the brain (大脑). Scientists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later offers knowledge when we need it. However, scientists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person’s experiences.
1. The underlined word “siblings” in Paragraph 2 probably means _________.
| A．teachers | B．classmates | C．doctors | D．brothers or sisters |
| A．After they go into society. | B．Before they enter school. |
| C．When they are at school. | D．Before they are born. |
| A．As a matter of fact, learning begins at a person’s birth and last the whole life. |
| B．Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate their students. |
| C．People need to understand how certain experiences change their behaviors. |
| D．Social workers need to study how experiences affect people’s thoughts. |
相似题推荐
You work hard to learn English. Do you know American kids are trying to learn Mandarin(普通话)? About 50,000 US students now study Chinese. In many US schools, students take Chinese lessons.
Let’s go to the Muir Elementary School in the US. Maddi, 6, and Stephen, 6, are first graders in this school.
“Because of China’s fast growth, Chinese is more useful than other languages,” said Scott McGinnis, a Washington language expert(专家).
For example, in 1999, only three Chicago schools had Chinese classes.
In many US cities, students take Mandarin lessons after school or on weekends.
| A．They are learning how to say “we” in Chinese. |
| B．But Chicago schools teach Chinese during the regular(常规的) day. |
| C．How do they learn Chinese? |
| D．This year more than 20 do. |
| E．For example, an English speaker takes about 1,320 hours to become good at Chinese. |
| F．Chinese is more difficult than English for US students. |
【推荐2】These days, more and more students in the UK are taking a “gap year” between their graduation（毕业）from high school and their university（大学）studies. This means that they take a year off, to do something else, before they start their studies.
For most students, spending time in foreign countries is the favourite activity-and Australia is the favourite place to go.
Many parents, teachers and business people agree that travelling can teach important values（价值）. Just like the 20-year-old young man William said, “During the gap year, I learnt to solve different problems all by myself and began to realize the importance of getting along with people of different cultures.”
There are many companies around the world that welcome these students on their projects-helping people in poorer countries, or even in your home country. Although（尽管）you don’t get paid for your work, this kind of work can teach important skills-decision making and finding ways to problems, for example-that will help a student in a job one day.
Finally, the knowledge and experience you get will one day be very useful in an area you hope to study or work in.
If several university graduates（毕业生）are making applications for the same job, gap year work experience allows you to say, “I’ve already had some experience of this kind of work.” And that can help you get the job!
1. More and more students in the UK are taking a “gap year” ________.| A．before they graduate from high school |
| B．before they graduate from university |
| C．before getting a job after graduating from university |
| D．before going to university after graduating from high school |
| A．Spending time in Australia. | B．Spending time in the UK. |
| C．Spending time with their teachers. | D．Spending time with their parents. |
| A．Values. | B．Skills. | C．Experience. | D．Money. |
| A．Work for the poor | B．Take a year off | C．Apply for a job | D．Travel |
For example，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him．He tries to find out all can be，and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it．Probably he isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries．And if he cannot make things work out right，he doesn’t feel ashamed(羞愧)that he failed，he just tries to learn from his mistakes．An intelligent person，even if he is very young，has a special outlook(看法)on life，a special feeling about life，and how he fits into it．
If you look at children，you’ll see the great differences between what we call “bright” children and “non-bright” children．They are actually two different kinds of people，not just the same kind with different amount of intelligence．For example，the bright child really wants to find out about life, and he tries to get in touch with everything around him; while the unintelligent(不聪明的) child keeps more to himself and his own dream-world：he seems to have a wall between him and life in general．
1. According to this passage，intelligence is the ability to_________．
| A．get some high scores on some tests |
| B．do well in school |
| C．deal with life |
| D．have a lot of book knowledge |
| A．knows more about what might happen to him |
| B．is sure of the result he will get |
| C．cares more about himself |
| D．keeps his mind on what to do about the situation |
| A．try not to feel ashamed |
| B．learn from his mistakes |
| C．try to find all he could |
| D．make sure what result he would get |
| A．are two different types of children |
| B．are different mainly in their degree of cleverness |
| C．have differences only in their way of thinking |
| D．have different knowledge about the world |
