Is there a way to quickly recall（回忆） information just before taking an exam? Walking backward might be a good way. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.
Scientists did an experiment. They asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided into three groups and each group had the same number of people. The first group was told to walk 10 meters forward. The second group walked 10 meters backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video.
The scientists found that the backward-walking group got two more answers correct on average（平均）than the other two groups.
Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told the Daily Mail, “You see things from a different angle（角度）. ” This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past.
And walking backward is not just good for our brains. It is also good for the rest of our body. Walking backward is more difficult than walking forward. This can help us improve our fitness, according to New Scientist. Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories（卡路里）.
Besides, walking backward is less stressful（压力大的）for our knees. It could be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees（脊柱）strong, which can help to ease（缓解）pain in the lower back.
1. What does “this activity” in Paragraph 1 refer to? ________| A．Recalling information. | B．Taking an exam. | C．Walking backwards. | D．Improving memory. |
| A．introduce a useful way of walking | B．describe how researchers did their experiment |
| C．show who can answer more questions correctly | D．explain why walking backwards improves memory |
| A．36 | B．38 | C．57 | D．114 |
| A．It helps people burn more calories. | B．It helps people remember information. |
| C．It can ease pain in people’s knees and backs. | D．It allows people to see things in a new angle. |
| A．walking backwards can keep our spines strong. | B．walking backwards can help us improve our fitness. |
| C．walking backwards can help us improve the short-term memory. | D．walking backwards is good for our brains and the rest of our body. |
相似题推荐
（1. register v. 注册；2. promote v. 倡导；3. participants n. 选手）
1. What is NOT mentioned in the reading?
| A．The racing line. | B．The prize money. |
| C．The starting time. | D．The registration website. |
| A．30 dollars. | B．50 dollars. | C．60 dollars. | D．70 dollars. |
| A．5K Run & Walk. | B．1 Mile Race. | C．Kids Run. | D．None of them. |
| A．A free trip. | B．A racing T-shirt. | C．A gold medal. | D．A pair of running shoes. |
| A．To invite people to enter the race. | B．To advise people to exercise more. |
| C．To show the importance of running. | D．To promote health in the community. |
We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we?
It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance.
| A．Start small! |
| B．That way, you’ll never give it up! |
| C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier. |
| D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body. |
| E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. |
| F．If you don’t exercise for a long time, it will be useless. |
| G．Keeping a diet is another way to keep our body in a good condition. |
【推荐3】Baduanjin, a kind of exercise, has a history of more than 800 years. Now it’s almost as popular as taichi in China. You can find many people practising Baduanjin in parks.
In the past, people thought Baduanjin was a sport for the old. But today many young people are interested in it, too. Why? Well, it’s easy to learn and practise. You don’t need any equipment (装备). You don’t need much space, either.
“Baduanjin is a great exercise,” a young man said. “
| A．Four months ago, I couldn’t sleep well at night. |
| B．Baduanjin is also getting popular in other countries. |
| C．And best of all, it doesn’t take you much time. |
| D．Our school also asked us to do the popular exercise. |
| E．If you want to keep healthy, why not give Baduanjin a try? |
Honesty means being honest. It is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always count on（依赖） one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your friend your lunch money or your clothes, or enjoy your hobbies and interests together. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable（有价值的） to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them, you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve . Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend, you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike (相同). But all true friendships have three things in common(共同的). If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty,Generosity and understanding.
1. Some friendships don’t last very long because .
| A．there are too many people who want to make friends |
| B．they don’t know friendship is something serious |
| C．those who give others friendships receive friendships from others |
| D．they don’t return friendship to each other. |
| A．as important as money |
| B．more important than anything else |
| C．something countable |
| D．the base（基础） of a friendship |
| A．A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend. |
| B．Always tell your friend the truth. |
| C．Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem. |
| D．Sharing your mind with your friend is very valuable. |
| A．Ask your friend for everything |
| B．Don’t tell the truth to your friend |
| C．Share your ideas and feelings with your friend |
| D．Give your lunch money or your clothes to your friend. |
| A．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed |
| B．Honesty Is the Best Habit |
| C．How to Be a Friend |
| D．Three Important Points in Life |
【推荐2】Migratory (迁徙的) birds fly to different places during different seasons. This is bird migration. Birds in migration may fly day and night for months at a time. During this long journey, when and how do they sleep?
Some scientists once studied a group of frigate birds (军舰鸟) during a ten-day flight. They recorded these birds’ brain activities. Their findings made headlines-frigate birds can sleep while they are flying!
According to this study, these birds take two types of in-flight naps. The first is called Rapid Eye Movement(REM快速动眼) sleep. It is the deepest stage of sleep. For humans, REM sleep can last for several minutes. For flying birds, however, REM sleep lasts for only a few seconds. Even so, REM sleep is still very important for proper brain functioning.
The other type of nap frigate birds take is Non-Rapid Eye Movement (NREM) sleep. During NREM sleep, the birds put only half of their brain to sleep, while the other half stays awake. The eyes of these birds are connected to the waking part of their brain. In other words, they sleep with their eyes open. They do this to stay away from dangers, and many birds do this even when they aren’t migrating.
Even though frigate birds sleep during the flight, they prefer to stay awake most of the time, spending less than 3% of their time sleeping. Once they reach land, they recover their lost sleep, spending almost half their time dozing.
However, not all migratory birds sleep in this way. Many make occasional pit stops on their way to get a good rest before the next leg of their journey. Some stay completely awake during the whole journey. The Alpine Swift (高山雨燕), for example, can fly for almost 200 days continuously. There is still little evidence of these birds sleeping during their long journeys.
The sleeping habits of birds differ from species (物种) to species. This makes the study of migratory birds very exciting for scientists. In the future, we may learn more amazing things about these animals.
1. How does the writer lead into the topic?| A．By telling a story. | B．By asking a question. |
| C．By making a comparison (对比). | D．By listing some numbers. |
| A．They close their eyes. | B．They fly much more slowly. |
| C．Half of their brain stays awake. | D．They sleep most deeply during the period. |
| A．the sleeping habits of birds are different from species to species |
| B．why migratory birds fly to different places during different seasons |
| C．all migratory birds spend a little time sleeping during a long journey |
| D．the Alpine Swift spends 3% of its time sleeping in the sky |
| A．The bird migration | B．Sleeping in the sky |
| C．Different stages of sleep | D．Frigate birds, a species of large seabirds |
【推荐3】Sticking to a vegan(素食的) diet might sound difficult, especially since many popular dishes have meat in them. Yet in recent years, veganism has become one of the fastest growing trends(趋势) in the world.
According to HuffPost, over 3 million people in the United States are vegans. In the UK, about 542,000 people have chosen veganism over the past 10 years.
What’s driving this growth in veganism? One reason might be that people want to protest the environment. According to a 2013 study by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, global meat manufacturing(加工) causes about 18 percent of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions(排放). This is more than the world’s cars, trains and planes combined.
According to BBC News, one reason is that many of today’s young people believe it’s wrong to kill animals for food. For many people, veganism simply means eating no meat, cheese or eggs, but going animal-free also applies (应用) to fashion and manufacturing. For example, leather is used to make shoes and clothing. Every year more than 1 billion animals, from cows to horses to snakes, are killed to make products from their skins. Now, many brands are looking for other materials.
The sports brand Puma, for example, has made shoes out of pineapple leaves. Tesla, the US car maker, is said to be removing(去除) animal-based leather from its seats.
So, if you’re interested in protecting animals and saving the environment, you might want to give veganism a try.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项。
1. How many people are vegans in the US?
| A．About 542,000. | B．More than 3 million. | C．More than 5 million. | D．More than 1 billion. |
| A．The number of people who want to protect the environment. |
| B．The total number of the world’s cars, trains and planes. |
| C．The world’s greenhouse gas emissions. |
| D．The greenhouse gas emissions caused by global meat manufacturing. |
①they think eating meat is not healthy
②processing meat pollutes the environment
③they think we shouldn’t kill animals
④there are new materials to replace animal products
| A．①② | B．②③ | C．②④ | D．③④ |
| A．some brands try to protect animals | B．some famous people are vegans |
| C．veganism is popular all over the world | D．we can live on plants in the future |
| A．To help people choose a healthy diet. |
| B．To call on people to use cars less. |
| C．To introduce the trend of veganism. |
| D．To introduce a new material-pineapple leaf. |
