For middle and primary school students, being able to cook has become a must, they will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, raise poultry(家禽) and use home appliances(家电) under new requirements for labor education.
The Ministry of Education (MOE) brought out a new standard for labor education in schools last year. Students should have labor classes at least once a week.
Labor education helps students value hard work. It includes things like housework, on-campus labor and community volunteer services.
The new standards include three types of labor tasks. The first is everyday chores, including cleaning, cooking and using home appliance. Next is productive labor, including agriculture making traditional handicrafts (手工艺品), and applying new technologies such as 3D printing. The third type is service work, which includes volunteer work.
Schools in China have traditionally placed more focus on studying, and many have seen housework as a waste of children’s time. But according to the MOE, labor education must be built up to cultivate(培养) students’ ability and interest in labor.
1，2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下文章第四段主题句；5题将文中划线句子译成汉语。
1. Cleaning, cooking and using home appliance belong to
2. Many schools think housework is
3. What can labor education help students?
4.
5.
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Beep...beep...There went the bell! Robbie opened his eyes. He had been sitting in the room for a whole day, and now it was time for him to do something.
Robbie looked out of the window. It was still snowing heavily and there was ice on the window. The family told Robbie to turn the heat on before they got home. And he did it. Then Robbie was told to do some cleaning work at once. It was an easy job for him, but a ① one for his master, Helen. He kept on working until every room was clean and tidy. Then, he had to cook dinner for the family. The first thing Robbie did was to get a big pot in the kitchen. Then he pour some water in the pot and put it on the stove（炉子）. He used one of his hands to cut up a chicken and ② the pieces to the water to make a good soup. Then he got some tomatoes, cabbages and carrots to make a vegetable salad.
At ten past eight he laid the table. Then he put some bread, the chicken soup and the salad on it. ③ a sweet smell! The moment he turned on the lights, the whole family came home.
“The soup smells great,” said Helen. “You really did a good job.” Robbie is one robot that really saves the family a lot of work.
1. What is Robbie?（ no more than 3 words）2. What was the weather like when the story happened? （no more than 12 words）
3. What do underline phrases “did it” in paragraph 2 mean ? （no more than 4 words）
4. Fill in the blanks with proper words. （no more than 1 word）
①
5. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 into Chinese.（将划线句子翻译成汉语）
6. Do you want to have Robbie in your family? Why?
【推荐2】Helen and Linda are good friends．They are in the same class．They go to school five days a week．And they have seven classes a day． After school， they play sports．
The two girl's mothers are good friends，too． Linda's mother likes tennis and Helen's mother likes tennis，too． They like tennis sports so they can play sports with the two girls．
The four friends always play tennis in the morning，and watch TV in the evening on Saturdays．It's relaxing! The two girls like eating fruits．They like apples， strawberries and oranges．After playing tennis，their mothers always make some fruit salad for their daughters． They four like each other．They like the same sports and food．
根据短文内容，回答下列问题．
1. What do Helen and Linda do after school?
_______________________________________________________________________
2. Do they like the same sports and food?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. When do they watch TV ?
_______________________________________________________________________
4. Who can make salad ?
_______________________________________________________________________
5. Are the four people good friends?
_______________________________________________________________________
【推荐3】The British like simple food. They usually add only salt and pepper to their food. The British often get their meals ready very quickly, because many women go out to work, and they do not have much time to spend in the kitchen. In supermarkets there are a lot of food in tins (金属盒) and packets. ① Just cook the food for a few minutes, and the meal is ready. On Sundays, there is usually a bigger, better lunch. It is usually a big piece of roast (烤) meat with potatoes and green vegetables, and after that, some dessert.
②So many British women do not spend long in the kitchen, and their husbands (丈夫) do not spend a long time at the dinner table. Some people think that the British eat only when they are hungry. Some families eat their meals in front of the TV. The mealtime is not a time for family to talk to each other as it is in many other countries in the world.
1. 把①处的句子翻译成汉语。根据短文内容，判断2，3句子的正（A）误（B）。
2. The British women don’t spend much time in the kitchen because they don’t like to do so. (根据短文内容，判断句子的正（A）误（B）。)
3. The mealtime is a time for family to talk to each other in many countries in the world. (根据短文内容，判断子的正（A）误（B）。)
4. 把②处的句子变为肯定句
5. 回答问题：When do British people usually eat a big lunch?
【推荐1】In many English homes, people eat four meals (餐) a day: breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea (下午茶) and dinner. For breakfast, the English people eat eggs and bread. Lunch comes at 1:00 in the afternoon. Afternoon tea is from 4:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon, and dinner is about 7:30 in the evening. First, they have soup (汤), then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that, they eat some bananas, apples or oranges. But some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and all these meals are very simple (简单的).
1. Is afternoon tea from 4:00 to 6:00 in the afternoon?2. How many meals do English people eat a day?
3. What do English people eat for their breakfast?
【推荐2】Seeing how the world goes back to school
Hate it or love it, you are going to start school again! In China, the first day of school usually starts on Sept 1. And it’s time for students to hand in their holiday homework and clean the classroom. Usually, teachers and students will have a class meeting. Do you know what students from other countries do on the first day at school? Let’s take a look!
US
In the US, schools usually don’t start on the same day. Each school gets to decide when their classes will start. If summers are hot then school might start a little later.
Choosing classes is important for US students on the first day of school. According to their own abilities and interests, students can choose their favorite teachers and classes. So when the school term starts, they will have new classmates and teachers for each class. When they finish choosing the class, students will get a big welcome or orientation
Australia
Australian students start their new school year differently compared to us. Their new school year starts from January or February after the long summer holiday. It is winter in Australia now and kids have ended their winter holiday and started the second school term.
Usually, students get a list before school starts. It tells them what they need to prepare (准备) for the new school term. There are some classes on the first day of school. But most of them are about telling students what to do in the following term. This gives children some time to get used to the new term.
Japan
The Japanese school year begins in April. The first term runs until the summer holidays. Kids return to school in early September for the second term.
On Sept 1, students begin their first day of school. And they also have the Disaster Prevention Day that day, as Japan has many earthquakes (地震). Students usually have drills about earthquakes, fires or tsunamis. For young kids, the teacher will tell them useful tips during an earthquake: keep calm, cover (盖住) your head, don’t cry too much, save energy and wait for help.
Most of the students in this world may feel nervous on their first days of school. Just think about your previous first day and go to sleep early. Everything will run smoothly once you get into the routine(常规).
How do | |
| US | Schools start on different days. Students could go to their favourite Older students will give them a welcome party. |
| Australia | Their school year starts from January or Students there have their The list tells the students how to |
| Japan | The first term begins in April and They do Disaster Prevention Day on the first day because there are Teachers teach kids useful ways: keeping calm, covering your head, |
| If you feel nervous, just think about your first school day in the past and get to bed | |
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef(大堡礁)is the world’s largest reef system. It is over 2, 600 kilometers long. The reef is home to many animals: fish, birds, turtles, sharks and even whales. Unluckily, the reef that all these animals call home is in danger.
Climate(气候)change, over-fishing, storms and water pollution are doing harm to the reef year after year. Coral(珊瑚)reef experts at Australian universities say that if we are not serious about this, the coral reef could be broken before the year 2030.
Daily activities like driving cars, using electricity and running factories send greenhouse gases into the air. These gases make Earth warmer and warmer. This is a problem for the Great Barrier Reef and other reefs around the world.
Coral needs to be protected. Even a small increase in water temperature two degrees—is enough to kill it, according to a reef researcher at the University of Queensland, Australia.
Not only coral but also twenty-five percent of all sea life that lives on coral reefs is in danger. If air pollution is not reduced or stopped, if the water temperature doesn’t go down, if the water warms by 3 degrees in the next 20 years, according to reef experts in a report from the University of Queensland, this would spell the end for the Great Barrier Reef and all its sea life.
Australia’s Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest reef system. Many animals |
Can you cook by yourself? Do you like the homework of making a meal? These days, primary and middle school students are required to take the Practical Activity Class (实践活动课) at least one class hour every week. The topic of cooking is discussed mostly by parents and students. Learning practical skills plays an important role in shaping a person’s character for sure. Here are some students’ views and gains.
Some schools and students have already practiced their practical activities. Gu Quan, 13 years old, from No.18 Middle School, used to be a lazy boy. In his own words, he hardly ever did any housework. But things have changed since No.18 Middle School made housework part of its students’ homework. Doing the dishes, cooking, making the bed...all of these tasks have become part of Gu Quan’s daily life.
At the beginning of each month, every student gets a list of housework to do every weekend. Their parents help them keep a record of their performance. The tasks are common and simple in daily life, such as sweeping the floor, washing cups and cooking food. On holidays like Mother’s Day, students should prepare presents for their mothers. Huang Yixi, 14, has learned several life skills, including cooking. “I used to be afraid of fire.” she said. But she managed to overcome her fear and complete her cooking task. At the same time, she also learned how tired her mother gets after doing housework every day. On Mother’s Day, she made a cake for her mother to show her thanks. “I’ve begun to better understand my parents and want to help them more,” she said.
1. The passage mainly talks about2. According to Paragraph 2, Gu Quan did some practical activities like
3. The students get weekly tasks at the beginning of each month, while the parents help to
4. How has Huang Yixi changed according to the passage?
5. What can students learn through the Practical Activity Class?
【推荐2】Do you do any chores at home? Maybe they are at the bottom of our must-do lists. Some of you may even think your parents should look after you.
According to People’s Daily, a study showed that primary and middle school students in China only spend 12 minutes a day on average（平均）on chores, compared to 72 minutes in the US, 42 minutes in South Korea and 30 minutes in France.
However, these life skills are important and should be taught as part of labor（劳动）education. The Ministry of Education（教育部）issued（发布）a document for senior high schools across the country. According to it, labor education is listed as a compulsory course（必修课）for senior high school students at all levels.
Labor education includes household（家庭的）chores and school labor. Besides, it’s also including community volunteer services. The labor course will take six credits（学分）— the same as foreign languages and physics. So take action from now on.
Answer the following questions according to what you read.
1. In which country do students spend the most time a day on chores, China, South Korea or France?
2. Who is labor education listed as a compulsory course for?
3. What does labor education include?
4. How many credits will the labor course take?
5. Must the students get labor education?
According to a new curriculum standard（课程标准）for labor education in compulsory（强制的；义务的）education made by the government, students in primary and middle schools have at least one course every week on basic household skills such as cooking.
Cooking should be considered as art just like any other activity which requires skills and knowledge.It is often said that students are supposed to learn scientific facts as well as how to prepare meals.The following will explain why cooking should be taught in schools.
| 1.Cooking is an important skill in life.Schools are supposed to teach knowledge to the students so that they can lead successful independent lives when they are out of school.Also, they can step into the world knowing how to make a living. 2.Cooking helps discover future career.When schools offer cooking lessons, students will show an interest in it and might take cooking as a career.This will give them the chance to perfect their basic skills and be creative in the kitchen. 3.Cooking avoids wasting money.Students used to spend a lot of money on ready﹣made food, while in the real sense they can prepare a nice meal with less cost by buying the required ingredients. |
Some students talk about their experience about the cooking classes.
| Michael: By learning cooking skills like, I can learn how to take care of myself and live independently.For example, I can cook eggs while my parents are busy with their work.Some﹣times I can prepare meals for them. Linda: I made fried chicken by myself yesterday.First I mixed together some onions, salt and pepper.Next, I filled the chicken with the mix.Then, I put the chicken in a hot oven and cooked for a few minutes.Finally, I put the chicken on a plate and cut it into thin pieces.How delicious it was! |
Cooking skills are much more useful than a lot of what is taught in schools, but it does require some fully equipped（配备齐全的）kitchens.I hope these classes will be good for students and not be seen as window dressing.
1. What kind of activity is cooking?2. Why does cooking helps discover future career?
3. What does cooking avoid?
4. Who knows how to make fried chicken?
5. What is the writer worried about when having cooking classes?
6. What’s your opinion of cooking classes?
