Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 after heavy rains broke the only power cable (电力电缆) in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps (灯), which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the terrible smell they produce.
Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil (土壤), both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up a LED light bulb (灯泡).
While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil they produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat the waste and they produce electrons — the parts of electrical energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to get the energy and keep it in the lamp for later use. The researchers say a single charge (充电) can make a 50w LED light work for two hours enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.
The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.
1. What was the biggest problem for the people in Nuevo Saposoa?A.It often rained heavily in the village. | B.The villagers were very short of electricity. |
C.The oil lamps produced terrible smell. | D.There was only one power cable in the area. |
A.the box | B.the lamp | C.the plant | D.the energy |
A.It can be made by local people. |
B.It is much easier to use than oil lamps. |
C.It can only work for two hours in the evening. |
D.The things it needs to make electricity are easy to find. |
A.To introduce what the Plant Lamp is used for. |
B.To express how much effort the UT team made. |
C.To show how technology helps with the problem. |
D.To explain what problems the people in the rainforest have. |
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More and more customers have become worried about the environment, so many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles. Paper bottles have many advantages. Perhaps the most important is that they can be easily recycled. Paper bottles also weigh less than glass or plastic ones and they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. Since paper is soft and easy to be shaped, companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. The companies are creating their own bottle designs, but they’re sharing what they learn to speed up the development of paper bottle technology.
Clearly, one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking (漏). Many companies are lining (做内衬) their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though bottle makers may say they can be removed, many recycling programs don’t have the right machines to produce them.
A company named Diageo has just announced the first paper bottle that is completely plastic - free. Instead of a plastic liner, a non - plastic (无塑料) coating will be used on the inside of the bottles. This should make the bottle fully recyclable. But even without the plastic, paper bottles aren’t perfect, which means more trees need to be cut down to make the bottles.
There’re still lots of tests to be done before paper bottles can be used widely. But with so many companies working towards the same goal, it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
1. What is the greatest advantage of paper bottles according to the passage?A.They are soft and can be easily shaped. |
B.They are lighter than plastic or glass ones. |
C.They can be moved around with less energy. |
D.They are easy to recycle and environmentally friendly. |
A.Many companies. | B.Paper bottles. |
C.Sheets of plastic. | D.Bottle makers. |
A.By lining bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. |
B.By using a non-plastic coating inside the bottle. |
C.By designing new recyclable plastic bottle. |
D.By cutting down more trees to make the bottles. |
A.Many companies have produced the paper bottles widely. |
B.Paper bottles still need to be tested before appearing in stores. |
C.Paper bottles have taken the place of glass or plastic ones so far. |
D.People must see paper bottles on the store shelves in the near future. |
Congratulations to the China National Space Administration on the launch of three “taikonauts” on their Shenzhou 12 mission to the Tianhe (Heavenly Harmony) space station.
On June 17th, 2021, in their Tweets to congratulate China on the launch of three “taikonauts” on their Shenzhou Ⅶ mission to outer space, both the European Space Agency and Roscosmos used the word “taikonauts”.
With the Greek word “naut”, which means sailor, and “taiko”, the Chinese word for space, the word “taikonaut” is specifically used for Chinese astronauts.
Yet “taikonauts” is more than just a word. Its history shows that of China’s space journey. Started in 1992, the manned spacecraft engineering (载人航天工程) of China was far behind the USA and Russia in the beginning 6 years later, a Chinese Malaysian, who used it first in newsgroups. However, back then few people picked up on it, as China was still rather weak at that time.
It was not until 2003, when China sent Yang Liwei, the first taikonaut into space taking the Shenzhou Ⅴ that the word became widely known. In his speech at Peking University on Friday, Yang told stories about that and shared how much is required of the taikonauts to prepare them for their missions.
Since 1998, China has 34 trained taikonauts, each of whom has passed tests that are usually unimaginably difficult. According to reports, engineers and scientists, and must pass a lot of test before becoming a real taikonaut.
Behind these taikonauts are hundreds of thousands of other workers that do their jobs to get the taikonauts into space and make certain of their safe return. It is the great efforts of everyone in this project that has made “taikonauts” from just a word on the paper into the reality, and all of them should share the honor of the taikonauts’ tasks. The meanings of the word will he further developed and we hope more taikonauts will appear.
1. When was the word “taikonauts” first used?A.In 1992. | B.In 1998. | C.In 2003. | D.In 2021. |
A.It shows China’s history in space science. |
B.34 pilots have passed the test and become real taikonauts. |
C.People use it to congratulate China on the new achievement. |
D.China has successfully organized manned spacecraft engineering. |
a. China started training taikonauts.
b. China successfully sent a taikonaut into space.
c. China started manned spacecraft engineering.
d. ESA and Roscosmos used “taikonauts” to congratulate China.
e. The USA and Russia got success in manned spacecraft engineering.
A.c-a-d-e-b | B.e-c-a-b-d | C.c-d-a-b-e | D.e-b-a-d-c |
A.advertisement | B.travel guide | C.science magazine | D.survey report |
【推荐3】We all know there is a problem with plastic pollution. Five trillion plastic bags are used every year. One million plastic drinking bottles are bought every minute.
What if we could use plastic waste to build roads? This is exactly what Toby McCartney has done.
In 2019, McCartney’s UK-based company, MacRebur, built the world’s first plastic road in Elgin town, Scotland. The plastic waste was made into grains(颗粒) and then mixed with biturnen(沥青). The road looks just like any other road. But it has improved strength and is more stretchy(有弹性的) thanks to the plastic.
“Our technology can not only help solve the problem of plastic waste but also produce roads that deal better with changes in the weather, reducing cracks and holes,” McCartney told the BBC.
McCartncy’s idea came from a trip to India. “I saw people in India would put plastic waste into holes and burn it. The plastic would melt down(熔化) and form a seal in the hole,” said McCartney.
“I knew that there must be some similarities between the plastic and biturnen, which both come from oil. That’s how I started to think about mixing them,” he said.
After lots of testing, McCartney found the perfect recipe. And now his company has built many plastic roads around the world, from Australia to Europe. A one-kilometer road uses about 684,000 plastic bottles or 1.8 million plastic bags. The road itself can be recycled at the end of its lifespan. The materials can be reused to build new roads.
“We’re just a small part of ending the plastic pollution, but it’s nice to be part of it,” McCartney said. “I just don’t want my daughters to live in a world where there are more plastic in our oceans than fish.”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Why does the writer list the facts in Paragraph 1?
A.To show that plastic pollution is mostly unknown. |
B.To show that plastic pollution is a serious problem. |
C.To show that plastic pollution is better than other pollution. |
D.To show that plastic pollution is produced faster than imagined. |
A.It is easy to break. | B.It is more stretchy. |
C.It costs more money. | D.It is afraid of hot weather. |
A.His wish of reducing plastic pollution. | B.His knowledge of plastic and biturnen. |
C.Indian people’s way of repairing roads. | D.Seeing cracks and holes on roads one day. |
A.Plastic and biturnen. | B.Plastic and oil. | C.Biturnen and oil. | D.Cracks and holes. |
A.Plastic pollution will soon be solved. |
B.Children should also join to reduce plastic pollution. |
C.Plastic pollution is becoming more and more serious. |
D.McCartney is willing to help reduce plastic pollution. |
【推荐1】Octopuses(章鱼)are kind of like aliens. They are amazing in many ways. They have three hearts. They can walk. They can swim, and they can drive themselves forward at high speed. They can change colour and copy what other animals do. They even know how to open screw-top jars(带螺旋盖的罐子)and how to use tools!
Octopuses are mollusks(软体动物). But unlike many other mollusks, they don’t have a shell. This allows them to pass through tiny spaces. Although octopuses mainly eat small fish, they are able to attack and kill small sharks. They make the sharks unable to breathe by covering their gill(锡)openings.
One thing that makes octopuses seem like aliens is their blue blood. It is much better at transporting oxygen in cold and low-oxygen conditions(like the deep sea) than our red blood. Octopuses lose energy easily. This may help explain their outstanding intelligence: They can’t chase after their prey(猎物)for a long time. They must use clever tricks.
As a hunter, an octopus brings prey under control through the use of a powerful poison(毒). The smaller the octopus, the stronger the poison. The ten-centimeter-long blue-ringed octopus is so poisonous that it can easily kill a grown man. Octopuses themselves can be delicious prey to many different animals in the vast(辽阔的)ocean, but they are clever enough to know how to keep themselves safe many of the times. With their colour changing skin, octopuses can easily “hide” themselves or flash alarming colours to frighten their enemies away. If that doesn’t work, the octopus will release a cloud of dark ink and quickly escape.
Perhaps the most amazing part of an octopus is its arms. They can turn in any direction. The arms are too complex to be controlled from a central brain. Instead, they work almost independently. An octopus gives instructions and believes that they will be carried out. This means that the animal doesn’t have a very good idea of where its arms are. They can’t work out the shape of something by feeling it like we can.
1. What can octopuses do?a. walk and swim b. drive forward at high speed
c. change colour and open the jars d. copy people’s action
A.abc | B.abd | C.acd | D.bcd |
A.Red. | B.Green. | C.Blue. | D.Black. |
A.Because they want to hide themselves. |
B.Because they want to make themselves beautiful. |
C.Because they want to keep themselves safe. |
D.Because they want to show their clever tricks. |
A.Octopuses are mollusks with shells. |
B.Octopuses can kill small sharks by covering their gill openings. |
C.The bigger octopuses have stronger poison than the smaller ones. |
D.Octopuses’ arms are easy to be controlled. |
●Make rules for Internet use with your parents. For example, when you can go online, for how long and what activities you can go online.
●Don’t give your password(密码) to anyone else, and never
●Check with your parents before giving out a credit(信用) card number.
●Never send a photo of yourself to someone in e-mail unless your parents say it’s OK.
●Check with your parents before going into a chat room. Different chat rooms have different rules and attract different kinds of people. You and your parents must make sure it’s a right place for you.
●Never agree to meet someone you met on the Internet without your parent’s permission(允许). Never meet anyone you met online alone.
●Always remember that people online may not be who they say they are. Treat everyone online as strangers.
●If something you see or read online makes you uncomfortable, leave the site. Tell a parent or teacher right away.
●Treat other people as you’d like to be treated. Never use bad language.
●Remember—not everything you read on the Internet is true.
1. If you want a true friend on the Internet, you can ______.
A.tell the people what your name is |
B.meet the people online alone |
C.write an e-mail about yourself |
D.get your parent’s permission |
A.give in | B.leave out |
C.give out | D.put away |
A.How to Use Computers |
B.Surfing the Internet |
C.Information on the Internet |
D.Internet Safety Rules |
【推荐3】Some of you may play Ant Forest. It is a game on Alipay. Users collect “energy” to make their “trees” grow. When the “energy” reaches a certain level, some organizations and companies will plant a real tree in a desert area of China. And now it seems that the nation’s efforts as a whole to make a greener world have paid off.
According to a study by NASA and published in the journal Nature Sustainability in February, China and India are mainly responsible for making the Earth greener over the past two decades. The study has found that since 2000 the Earth’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 5 million square kilometers. That’s an area equivalent to the total area of the Amazon rainforest. It is mainly the result of big tree planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries, according to NASA. “China and India account for one third of the increased greening but contain only 9 percent of the planets land area covered in vegetation.” Chi Chen, the study’s lead author and a researcher at Boston University, US, told CNN. China was the major contributor, adding 25 percent to this increase, while India added 6.8 percent.
Over the past decades, China has made great efforts to green the land. In 1978, China began a national-level forestation project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has seen many trees planted in 13 provinces and autonomous regions in northern China to act as windbreaks, according to China Daily. By the end of 2017, the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project had reached 13.57 percent, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
For example, Kubuqi Desert, which is near the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia, is the seventh largest in the country. It was once the source of sandstorms in Beijing. But thanks to forestation efforts, about one third of the Kubuqi Desert is now covered with trees and shrubs, and sandstorms are less common, reported Xinhua News Agency.
In the light of China’s success in dealing with desertification, the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) believes China is a good example for others to follow. “China is one of the most successful countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.” UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.
1. When the users of Ant Forest collect enough “energy”, ________.A.a tree can be planted in the game |
B.they can go to the desert and plant a tree |
C.a tree in the desert will be named after them |
D.an organization or a company will plant a tree in a desert |
A.China contributes more to the increased greening than India |
B.the area covered in vegetation contains 9 percent of the planets land |
C.the increase in greening is the result of big tree-planting programs in India |
D.China and India helped the Amazon rainforest become greener |
A.The area is equivalent to the total area of the Amazon rainforest. |
B.Since 2000 the Earth’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 5 million square kilometers. |
C.China and India are mainly responsible for making the Earth greener one the past two decades. |
D.Big tree-planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries. |
A.It was a project led by the 13 provincial governments. |
B.This project started in 1978 and completed in 2017. |
C.Trees were planted to provide protection from the wind. |
D.The forest coverage rate of China increased about 8.5%. |
A.To suggest that other countries learn from China’s actions. |
B.To call for more efforts to make the Earth greener. |
C.To state that China has been playing a leading role to increase green land. |
D.To prove that the green leaf area on the Earth has been decreasing rapidly in recent years. |