1 . One explanation for this strong statistical pattern is that traveling requires time and energy, and people have limited resources for it. At the core is the effort that people are willing to invest collectively to travel to certain locations, trying to optimize their days.
What does the underlined word “optimize” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
| A．Slow down. | B．Keep a record of. |
| C．Think back on. | D．Make the most of. |
2 . Jones was 21 when she said that she didn’t actually mind being cheated.
| A．ashamed | B．shocked |
| C．excited | D．amused |
3 . My favourite Books
—Posted by Catherine Chung.a great writer
Stories of Your Life and Others by Ted Chiang
This collection contains several maths stories. The one I recommend is Division By Zero,about Jane Parkinson,a brilliant German mathematician.To her great despair,she ends up proving that mathematics is inconsistent and is able to prove that any two numbers are equal.A beautiful,thought-provoking(发人深省的)story about belief,understanding，and faith.
What does“I”refer to in Paragraph 1?
| A．Catherine Chung. | B．Ted Chiang. |
| C．Jane Parkinson. | D．Yoko Ogawa. |
4 . “We showed it’s possible for animals to live in an environment they are not used to: microgravity,” Poynter says.
In 2014, Poynter and Maccallum achieved another first. They led the engineering team that helped former Google exec Alan Eustace skydive from the edge of the stratosphere. That’s when it hit them: The balloon-parachute system they designed for Eustace could be transformed for tourism and research. So they formed World View, with MacCallum serving as chief technical officer.
What does the pronoun “it” in paragraph 5 refer to?
| A．The system designed for Eustace can be used for more purposes. |
| B．Poynter and Maccallum hope to achieve more firsts in their career. |
| C．Poynter and Maccallum have helped Alan Eustace to skydive. |
| D．Maccallum will serve as a chief technical officer in World View. |
5 . Saltwater crocodiles are the largest reptile in the world and can eat large prey (猎物). They hide at the edge of the water, waiting for prey. Then, without warning, they lunge. They grab their prey in their powerful jaws and drag it under water. Saltwater crocodiles don’t often miss their target.
One day, David George found himself in a swamp. It was the home of saltwater crocodiles. David knew they were there because he could see their tracks.
David thought his only chance of survival was to climb a tree and tie himself to a branch. Two big saltwater crocodiles, however, waited under the tree. He would have to come down sometime!
What does the underlined word “swamp” mean?
| A．A flat area higher than the ground. |
| B．Land that an animal thinks of as its own. |
| C．Very wet, flooded ground. |
| D．A long body part around the mouth. |
6 . The Yawa technology is an example of best practice in the circular economy. Materials used to build the machine are recyclable. The technology is even being adjusted to local air quality, a response to the challenges caused by air pollution. But most importantly, the technology can be used, owned and repaired by the communities it serves, even if they are not clear on the science behind it.
“When I was first testing this technology in different rural communities, I spent a lot of time explaining the technical aspects of it,” Hidalgo said. “At one point a woman stopped me and looked me in the eye and said, ‘Young man, I just want water.’ And that changed something inside of me, and I knew that I had to keep things simple.”
Hidalgo finds that getting out of the lab and into communities is vital for anyone seeking to produce environmental change. “We have to listen to what communities want and respond to their needs. That is where the winds of creation take us.” he said.
What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 imply?
| A．The woman didn’t trust Yawa. |
| B．The woman badly needed water. |
| C．The science behind Yawa was complex. |
| D．The test on Yawa was disappointing. |
7 . I still have a thousand questions as to why I struggled to act. Why did it take me many circles around the mall and an argument with myself? I once wavered between helping her and ignoring her. All I know for sure is that while walking toward that woman at the bus stop, a miracle happened.
What does the underlined word “wavered” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
| A．Hesitated. | B．Disagreed. | C．Balanced. | D．Objected. |
8 . During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus. ” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
| A．It helps him concentrate. |
| B．It blocks out background noise. |
| C．It has a pleasant atmosphere. |
| D．It encourages facetoface interactions. |
9 . People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A. D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
| A．104,944. | B．107,601. |
| C．About 150,000. | D．About 250,000. |
10 . Measles (麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal use of the MMR vaccine (疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly. Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared with 189 for all of last year.
The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can't be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn't work.
But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in even bigger danger.
That's exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.
The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make others suffer.
Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out (决定不参加) of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.
Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.
Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines provide, but they'll exist only as long as everyone shares in the risks.
What is the purpose of the passage?
| A．To introduce the idea of exemption. |
| B．To discuss methods to cure measles. |
| C．To stress the importance of vaccination. |
| D．To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment. |
