5 . Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. capable            B. strategy               C. responsible        D. risk       E. treasured        F. extent G. independent     H. brought about        I. adapted             J. aim        K. suffered

1. A huge amount of environmental damage has been ________ by the destruction of the rain forests.
2. The goal of education is not to increase the amount of knowledge but to create the possibilities for a child to invent and discover, to create men who are_________ of doing new things.
3. By this age, the child becomes relatively_________ of his mother, trying to do things on his own.
4. Many software companies have _________ popular programs to the new operating system.
5. Family is a unique gift that needs to be appreciated and__________, for it supports us financially and emotionally.
6. Daring to set boundaries（界限）is about having the courage to love ourselves, even when we ________ disappointing others.
7. The_________ of the project is to provide an outlet for children’s creativity.
8. Most of us have _________ the consequences of stupid decisions taken by others.
9. The epidemic（疫情） increased to the________ that residents were afraid to leave their homes.
10. The police believe that the same man is _________ for three other thefts in the area.

6 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. distributed B. absolutely C. infections   D. consume E. harbor F. reliance G. potential H. specific I. originate J. respectively K. revealed

Microplastic Pollution

In the past few years, scientists have found microplastics in our soil, tap water, bottled water, beer and even in the air we breathe. And there’s growing concern about the     1     health risks they pose to humans.

The new analysis in the UK have discovered microplastics widely     2     across all 10 lakes and rivers sampled. More than 1,000 small pieces of plastic per litre were found in the River Tame, which was     3     last year as the most polluted place tested worldwide. Even in relatively remote places such as the Falls of Dochart and Loch Lomond in Scotland, two or three pieces per litre were found.

Microplastics are not a     4     kind of plastic, but rather any type of small pieces of plastic that is less than 5 mm in length according to the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. They may     5     from a variety of sources, including cosmetics, clothing, and industrial processes.

Humans are known to     6     the tiny plastic particles through food and water, but the possible health effects on people and ecosystems have yet to be determined. One study, in Singapore, has found that microplastics can     7     harmful microbes (微生物).

Research by the National University of Singapore found more than 400 types of bacteria on 275 pieces of microplastic collected from local beaches. They included insects that cause gastroenteritis (肠胃炎) and wound     8     in humans.

“Microplastics are being found     9     everywhere but we do not know the harm they could be doing,” said Christian Dunn at Bangor University, Wales, who led the work. “It’s no use looking back in 20 years’ time and saying: ‘If only we’d realized just how bad it was.’ We need to be monitoring our waters now and we need to think, as a country and a world, how we can be reducing our     10     on plastic.”

7 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Identify the problem, a goal, and a reward

Novelist Sarah Howery Hart says it's important that writers identify a specific problem, a goal, and a reward for any behavior they wish to change. In her conference workshops titled “Stuck, Tired, Bored, and Distracted: How Writers in Distress can use Psychology Tools to Overcome Common Writing-related Problems, she teaches techniques learned in her doctoral study of psychology to help writers become more     1     and efficient.

One of the most common     2     she hears is the lack of time to write. “First, we need to determine what that means,” she says. “Maybe it means that you do things that     3     your own writing, like checking emails and social media. Your next step is to determine how     4     this is happening.”

She offers her participants worksheets to help them measure how often a particular behavior occurs, and then asks them to     5     whether the behavior is truly a problem. “Let’s say you find that you check your email once an hour while you're writing. Is that too frequent? Only you can determine that, ’’ she says. “If you check your email and then move on to Facebook and then to Twitter-even if you’ve only checked once, this can take a(n)     6     15 minutes out of your writing hour. Also, you lose your     7     of thought and can’t remember what you were going to write next.”

She advises writers to set a goal - for instance, writing for an hour without checking email or social media. “And then you have to determine your reward     8    ,” she says. “How often will you need to reward yourself?”

She urges writers to assess their progress    9    . “After a day, after a few days，are you meeting your goals?” she says. “If the reward didn’t work, you may need to     10     it. Maybe reading a book for 15 minutes wasn't the strongest reward for you because you read for two hours when you go to bed at night. Maybe you’d rather go to the gym or out for a half-hour run.”