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2024高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 较易(0.85) |

1 . Brown bears have stopped eating salmon(鲑鱼)in favor of elderberries after being forced to make a choice due to climate change. Warming temperatures mean that the berries are ripening earlier than usual, at exactly the same time as the freshwater streams on Alaska’s Kodiak Island are over flowing with salmon.

The island’s brown bears typically feed first on salmon in early summer, followed by elderberries later in the season, in late August and September.

“What you have is a scrambling of the schedule,” said William Deacy, a biologist at Oregon State University that studied the phenomenon.

“It’s essentially like if breakfast and lunch were served at the same time and then there is nothing to eat until dinner. You have to choose between breakfast and lunch because you can only eat so much at a time.”

The study found that during the unusually warm summer of 2014, the bears, which would traditionally kill up to 75 percent of the salmon, were nowhere to be seen near the streams. Instead, they were in the hills busy munching on berries, which contain less protein and therefore take less energy to break down, causing them to gain weight more quickly.

Biologists warned that changes caused by a warming planet were behind the bears’ unusual behavior and could affect the entire ecosystem.

The researchers found that the forests around the streams suffered because the bears’ fish carcasses(残骸)were no longer there to enrich the soil.

“Bears switched from eating salmon to elderberries, disturbing an ecological link that typically fertilizes the ecosystems and generates high death rates for salmon,” the study said. On average, red elderberries are said to be ripening two and a half days earlier every decade. If the pattern continues, they will regularly overlap(重叠)with the salmon by 2070.

Which of the following words can best describe the phenomenon?
A.Natural.
B.Unusual.
C.Amazing.
D.Typical.
2024-05-12更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:2018届河北省保定市高三上学期摸底考试英语试题阅读理解题型切片
2024高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 较易(0.85) |

2 . In an effort to keep a little poetry in my life long after National Poetry Month passed, I decide to read at least one poem a day after scanning the newspaper over breakfast. Thanks to the free online poetry-in-your-inbox services, it’s been an easy resolution(解决办法)to keep.

Poem-a-Day was started during National Poetry Month in 2016, and it focuses on new and previously unpublished poems by contemporary poets on weekdays and classic poems on weekends.

Ted Kooser offers a similar service through his American Life in Poetry Series, though it’s a weekly, rather than a daily. Kooser briefly introduces each week’s poem, offering a little bit of information about the selection, the writer, and books where readers can turn to if they want more work from the featured poet.

Reading at least one poem a day has been like an intellectual vitamin, giving me a small dose(剂量)of literature even on busy days when I can’t get to the novels and non-fiction on my desk beside the bed. Another benefit has been connecting with a lot of talented poets I wouldn’t otherwise know about. Poetry being what it is, even the best talents in the style can work in relative obscurity(朦胧). Maybe the biggest benefit of reading a poem every morning has been the chance to see the familiar in new ways.

Last April, I wondered if I could remind myself to read a poem each morning. Now, deep in summer, I wonder if I could ever do without it.

We can infer from the last sentence of the text that ________.
A.the author starts to love reading a poem in the morning
B.the author reminded himself to read a poem each morning
C.the author didn’t like reading poems last April
D.the author decides to give up reading poems in summer
2024-05-12更新 | 0次组卷 | 1卷引用:2018届河北省保定市高三上学期摸底考试英语试题阅读理解题型切片
2023高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 适中(0.65) |

3 . A tree-planting initiative in Kenya has seen over 30,000 trees being planted. The Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to counter climate change and the reduction in forest in the East African nation since 2016.

......

Speaking to world leaders at the recent United Nations Climate Conference in Glasgow (COP26), Elizabeth issued a serious warning on the threat of climate change. Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate related starvation. In 2025, half of the world’s population will be facing water shortage. The climate crisis will displace 80 million people in sub-Saharan Africa alone.

Elizabeth said, “I have been doing what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that enhances food security for young Kenyans.” So far, they have grown 30,000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children. “Every day we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water,” she added.

Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth Wathuti?
A.Friendly and talented.B.Caring and responsible.
C.Honest and determined.D.Ambitious and humorous.
2024-04-18更新 | 29次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了植树,旨在帮助减少大气中的二氧化碳,已经成为气候行动的代名词。在我们对树木的持续关注中,我们已经形成了一种固定的理解:树木吸收二氧化碳,仅此而已。事实是,树木单独生长不好。它们生活在复杂的群落中,相互帮助,也有与它们共存的动物的帮助。

4 . Tree-planting, intended to help draw down carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, has become a synonym (同义词) for climate action. In our constant focus on trees, we’ve developed a fixed understanding: Trees absorb carbon dioxide, end of story. The reality is that trees don’t grow well alone. They exist within complex communities, helped along by each other as well as the animals they coexist with. The woodland isn’t nature’s only carbon sink: Grasslands and oceans also help reduce the carbon level and rely on a healthy amount of biodiversity.

That’s what the paper, published in Nature, wants to get across. Co-author Oswald J. Schmitz, a professor of ecology at Yale University, said trees might not be able to do their carbon-uptake job efficiently without the right animals in their ecosystem. That’s because animals animate the carbon cycle through their behavior and roles in the ecosystem. He added that the very presence of wild animals could cause feedback effects that change the ecosystem’s capacity to absorb, release, or transport carbon.

In Serengeti, for instance, the sharp decline in wildebeest (角马) population s during the mid-20th century allowed grass to grow wildly, eventually promoting wildfires that consumed 80 percent of the ecosystem annually and led to a net release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. When disease management and bans on illegal hunting helped animal populations recover, a greater share of the carbon stored in plants was consumed by wildebeest and released as waste, keeping it in the system and restoring the grassland as a carbon sink.

1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
A.Actions are needed to reduce carbon dioxide.
B.Trees are a quick solution to the climate crisis.
C.People are not thinking through trees properly.
D.Grasslands and oceans help maintain biodiversity.
2. What does the author want to say by mentioning wildebeest?
A.The conservation of animals is still a serious issue.
B.Animals can swing the ecosystem’s capacity to store carbon.
C.Human impacts bring about the reduction in wildlife populations.
D.The increase in animal species causes a decrease in carbon uptake.
2024-04-18更新 | 31次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 适中(0.65) |

5 . A 12-year-old girl, Eleanor Woods, has created a green backpack that filters (过滤) out air pollution. Her innovative bag won the award of the “Backpack to the Future” competition.

The competition was launched to encourage students to combine an interest in fashion with a career in science, technology, engineering or maths.

Powered by green energy from solar power and a dynamo-a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy-the backpack filters polluted air before fanning out cleaner air nearby.

Air pollution was always Eleanor’s concern. Meanwhile, spending a lot of time with her asthmatic (患哮喘病的) mum, Eleanor especially focused on how pollution affects a person’s health and the spread of diseases. “We have an air filter at home because my mum has mild asthma. But what if she wants to go out? It would be inconvenient and dangerous! My Breathe Better Backpack is about keeping those like my mother safe using an air filter. It looks cool and will help get them outside and fight off colds,” Eleanor said.

The girl added, “My generation has really realized pollution, and we have lessons on it at school. This is another reason why I designed this, because we need to do something.”

1. Who will most probably benefit from the backpack?
A.Students living in poverty.B.Those suffering from asthma.
C.People working in an open way.D.Judges worried about pollution.
2. Which of the following best describes Eleanor Woods?
A.Humorous and modest.B.Ambitious and selfless.
C.Confident and fearless.D.Creative and considerate.
2024-04-18更新 | 31次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习
其他 | 适中(0.65) |
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个有着先天性心脏缺损的12岁孩子Luna没有选择放弃,而是与Saucony公司合作,用自己的艺术天赋和坚持,设计出了自己的鞋子,发起the Shoes with Soul(有灵魂的鞋子)活动,最终通过这项活动来帮助其他患有心脏疾病的人。

6 . On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It’s not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.

Bom with a heart defect (缺陷) called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.

......

“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that’s being done at BCH,” says Chris, Saucony’s vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world.”

1. What can we learn from Chris’ words?
A.It’s unwise to raise money.
B.It’s optional to seek donations.
C.It’s wonderful to study art.
D.It’s necessary to show kids’ talents.
2. Which of the following best describes Luna?
A.Gifted and determined.B.Generous and serious.
C.Grateful and helpful.D.Creative and sensitive.
2024-04-18更新 | 30次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 John Todd 在观察了大自然是如何自我降解废物和自我修复后受到启发,并根据这个原理开发了人工生态机器,并且大获成功的故事。

7 . He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.

Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.

“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”

1. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A.To review John’s research plans.
B.To show an application of John’s idea.
C.To compare John’s different jobs.
D.To erase doubts about John’s invention.
2. What is the basis for John’s work?
A.Nature can repair itself.
B.Organisms need water to survive.
C.Life on Earth is diverse.
D.Most tiny creatures live in groups.
2024-04-18更新 | 30次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习
文章大意:本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍的是Cycling Electric推荐的三款电动自行车。

8 . The ebike has become an essential item, and even the King has been spotted riding one. According to the market research company Mintel, sales have almost tripled over the past five years. While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still undeniably expensive. You can pick up a perfectly adequate push bike for £300, but most ebikes cost nearly £2, 000. Now, Cycling Electric, designed to help consumers choose an ebike, offers the following recommendations.

Best folding bike

Carbo Model X

Price: £2, 799 | Weight: 13. 3kg

Range: up to 34 miles

This is one of the most convenient bikes, from a little-known label. The lightweight Carbo X is the perfect example of convenience thanks to its carbon frame and belt drive, instead of a metal bike chain. This makes it lighter and less likely to get messy than an electric Brompton, with its more traditional, oily chain.

Most stylish

Temple Cycles Classic

Price: from £2, 995 | Weight: 19kg

Range: up to 74 miles

This Bristol-based brand is known for its elegant pushbikes, which are hand-built in the city. This is its electric version. It’s a very sleek and functional commuter option and not too heavy. Temples have fewer proprietary (品牌专卖的) parts and so are serviceable in any bike shop. Stylish as they may be, the VanMoofs and the Cowboys can be a bit more complex to get back-up and service.

The money-no-object option

Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX

Price: £5, 380 | Weight: 28. 4kg

Range: up to 93 miles

This is a prime example of the attention to detail delivering a high-quality experience in functionality, comfort and practicality — if you can afford it. It has the capacity to handle 25kg of luggage in a pannier, powerful road lights and a beautifully smooth motor.

1. Which ebike will a consumer probably choose, who cares most about an excellent experience?
A.Carbo Model X.
B.The VanMoofs and the Cowboys.
C.Temple Cycles Classic.
D.Riese & Müller Nevo4 GT Vario GX.
2. Where is the text probably taken from?
A.An online post.B.A magazine column.
C.A market research report.D.An official document.
2024-04-18更新 | 33次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习

9 . She applied strategies that web insiders are familiar with (keeping multiple browsers open, refreshing sites every 20 seconds, erasing cookies) and added a few of her special skills. “I drink a lot of coffee, and I’m a fast typer,” she says. Soon enough, Zwinggi had secured appointments for both of her parents. “I felt like a rock star,” she says.

Zwinggi decided that helping others would be her way of giving back. “I feel like I need to will us out of this pandemic,” she says. On February 10, she logged on to Facebook to let people know that she was assisting with bookings. By March 2, she’d secured appointments for 400 people, a feat (壮举) that made Nick conclude, “Marla is an angel.”

Which of the following best describes Zwinggi?
A.Caring and confidentB.Passionate and persevering
C.Thoughtful and talentedD.Supportive and skillful
2024-04-18更新 | 29次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
2023高三·全国·专题练习

10 . “If you look at where hydrogen is going to be produced in Europe in the next million years, it’s in two countries, Spain and Portugal,” said Thierry Lepercq, the founder and president of HyDeal Ambition, an industry platform bringing together 30 companies. “Hydrogen is the new oil.”

Lepercq is working with companies like Spanish gas pipeline corporation Enagas and global steel giant ArcelorMittal to design an end-to-end model for hydrogen production, distribution and supply at a competitive price. Criticism has centered on green hydrogen’s higher cost compared with highly-polluting “gray hydrogen” drawn from natural gas. Lepercq argues that solar energy produced in Spain is priced low enough to compete.

Globally, Lepercq said, “Electricity is 20% of energy consumption. What about the 80% that is not electrified? ... You need to replace those fossil fuels. Not in 50 years’ time. You need to replace them now.”

What can be inferred about green hydrogen in Spain according to Lepercq?
A.It is highly priced.B.It is easy to store.
C.It is competitive.D.It is highly-polluting.
2024-04-18更新 | 29次组卷 | 1卷引用:易错点15 阅读理解:推理判断题(4大陷阱易错点)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题
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