1 . It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can' t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.
Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain' s temperature was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.
1. The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A．the time is too short for doctors

B．the patients are often too nervous

C．the damage is extremely hard to fix

D．the blood-cooling machine might break down

2. The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A．taking the blood out of the brain

B．trying the operation on monkeys first

C．lowering the brain' s temperature

D．having the blood go through a machine

3. What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a. send the cooled blood back to the brain
b. stop the blood to the brain
c. have the blood cooled down
d. operate on the brain

A．a,b,c,d	B．c,a,b,d
C．c, b, d, a	D．b, c, d, a

4. With Dr. White's new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.

A．can last as long as 30 minutes

B．can keep the brain's blood warm

C．can keep the patient's brain healthy

D．can help monkeys do different jobs

2 . An upset little boy wanted to meet God. He thought it was a long trip to where God lived, so he packed his suitcase with a bag of potato chips and a six-pack of root beer and started his journey.

When he had gone about three blocks, he met an old woman sitting on a park bench alone. The boy sat next to her and opened his suitcase. He was about to drink his root beer when he thought that the old lady might be hungry, so he offered her some chips. She gratefully accepted it and smiled at him. Her smile was so pretty that the boy wanted to see it again, so he offered her a root beer. Again, she smiled at him. The boy was delighted! They sat there all afternoon eating and smiling.

As dusk fell, the boy got up to leave; but before he had gone more than a few steps, he turned around, ran back to the old woman and gave her a hug. She gave him her biggest smile ever.

When the boy opened the door to his own house, his mother was surprised by the look of joy on his face. She asked him, “What did you do today that made you so happy?” He replied, “I had lunch with God”

Meanwhile, the old woman, also returned to her home with joy. Her son was stunned by the look of peace on her face and he asked, “Mom, what did you do today that made you so happy?” She replied, “I ate potato chips with God.”

Too often we underestimate the power of a touch, a smile, a kind word, a listening ear, an honest compliment or the smallest act of caring, all of which have the potential to turn a life around.

1. What is the right order of the story?
a. The boy shared food with the old woman
b. The boy came across an old woman
c. The boy set out to meet God
d. The boy arrived home and surprised his mother.
e. The boy hugged the old woman.

A．c-b-a-d-e	B．c-b-a-e-d
C．b-a-c-e-d	D．b-d-e-c-a

2. Which of the following best explains “underestimate” underlined in the last paragraph?

A．Forget.	B．Praise
C．Ignore	D．Support

3. What is the author’s purpose in writing this text?

A．To introduce a kind boy who helped an old woman.

B．To describe a moving story between a boy and an old woman.

C．To inform us that the boy and the woman are God.

D．To remind us that little act of kindness can make a difference.

3 . The story is little known, but the anthologist Allie Esiri stumbled across it while researching her new book.“It's extraordinary that it may have been Shakespeare's words that jolted he guard's humanity," she said.

After the Holocaust(大屠杀) Eva was reunited with her boyfriend, Jan. They married, moved to the US and both taught chemistry at Illinois University, Yet none of that might have happened had she not been cast in A Midsummer Night's Dream in 1944. Eva never got to appear in the show as she was driven to the Theresienstadt ghetto Czechoslovakia, where 33,000 died. But it was there that she met the love of her life.

Now 95, Jan still remembers falling in love with the girl he saw helping elderly people with their luggage as they arrived. He read poetry with her and Eva would recite the lines she never got to perform. “Shakespeare was a very important part of her life. I loved hearing her recite it,”he said.

Months later Eva was saying those lines again in the Polish winter. By then, she had lost her father at Auschwitz. She and her mother were assessed by Dr. Josef Mengele and had been sent to the Kurzbach labor camp. It was there that a guard she knew as Suchy heard her lines as Titania.“He seemed to be listening to my recitations,” Eva wrote in her memoir.

The mere act of him talking to her was forbidden but Eva also noted that he spoke to her with the polite form of“you” in German. Mr. Rocek said that Suchy had no ulterior motive.“He never tried in the slightest to touch her or anything,” he said. The guard kept a watchful eye over Eva and her mother, particularly when the inmates were marched toward the Gross-Rosen concentration camp. Knowing this was a path to death, Suchy approached Eva's mother Anna early one morning and told them to escape. Eva, Anna and three others fled into the woods.

Esiri, who includes the story in her book Shakespeare for Every Day of the Year, says:“You wouldn't think those conversations in concentration camps had any human moments.”Michael Dobson, professor of Shakespeare studies at Birmingham University, said: “It's what culture's for. To provide channels of communication between people even in the hardest circumstances.”Eva and Jan were married from 1947 until her death in 2015, aged 87. He said:“We saw A Midsummer Night's Dream whenever we had a chance.”

1. Put the following events in the correct order.
a. Eva and Jan moved to the US and taught in a university,
b. Eva met Jan and lost her heart to him.
c. Eva's father passed away at Auschwitz.
d. Eva was forced to leave for Czechoslovakia.
e. Eva and her mother were sent to the Kurzbach labor camp.

A．b d e c a	B．d b c e a
C．d b e c a	D．b d c e a

2. What can be learned from the passage?

A．Eva served hard labor in Kurzbach labor camp.

B．Eva performed in A Midsummer Night's Dream in 1944.

C．Only Eva and her mother successfully escaped.

D．Suchy loved Eva because of their common interest.

3. What does the underlined word in paragraph 6 probably   mean?

A．hidden	B．strong
C．profit	D．prime

4. What is Esiri's purpose of saying“You wouldn't think those conversation in concentration camps had any human moments?”

A．To arouse readers' sympathy for the victims in concentration camps.

B．To highlight the precious humanity that shone even in total darkness.

C．To condemn the Nazis who had no mercy on people in concentration camps.

D．To describe concentration camps as places where people showed no humanity.

5. What adjectives can be used to describe Eva?

A．Helpful and proud	B．Romantic and sensitive
C．Optimistic and brave	D．Sociable and knowledgeable

6. Which is the best title of this passage?

A．A romantic story starting with Shakespeare

B．Literature: a channel of communication

C．Shakespeare: a reminder of humanity

D．The Jewish girl saved by Shakespeare

4 . Scientists estimate that over 500 million species have died out throughout evolution. Here is a list of 4 incredible extinct animals.

Pinta Island Tortoise	The giant tortoise of Pinta lived on the island Pinta of the Galapagos Islands,Ecuador. By the end of the nineteenth century,most of the Pinta Island tortoises had been wiped out due to hunting. The last known individual was a male named Lonesome George who died on 24 June 2012. In his later years,he was considered the rarest animal in the world.
Falkland Islands Wolf	The Falkland Islands wolf was the only native land mammal of the Falkland Islands. The animal was hunted for his beautiful fur,and the shepherds(牧羊人），considering it a threat to the sheep,poisoned him. On the islands,there were no forests in which the species could take shelter,and its lack of fear towards man made it easy prey to kill. The last known individual died in the late 19th century on the western island.
Caucasian Wisent	The Caucasian wisent which went extinct in 1926 inhabited(栖息）the Caucasus mountains. In 1910 their numbers were estimated in the hundreds. When state authority collapsed after the First World War,the remaining population fell victim to hunters. The decline can also be contributed to an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease that was introduced with cattle.
Javan Tiger	The Javan tiger is an extinct subspecies of the tiger that was native to the Indonesian island of Java. Very little data was gathered about their behavior before they were driven to extinction. The reduction of its two main prey species,and the modification of its habitat led to the extinction of the subspecies in the 1980s.

1. According to the passage,which shows the correct order of the animals' extinction?
① Pinta Island tortoise                           ② Falkland Islands wolf
③ Caucasian wisent                              ④Javan tiger

A．②③①④	B．②③④①
C．③②④①	D．③④②①

2. Which of the following is NOT the reason for extinction of the animals?

A．Pollution.	B．Disease.
C．Hunting.	D．Habitat loss.

3. Where does this article probably come from?

A．A travel brochure.	B．A news report.
C．A nature magazine.	D．A biology textbook.

5 . What I am writing is in English.You can read and understand because you are English language learners. But when you say people in England or the English people speak English, you would be wrong, or at least inaccurate in your remark. Ah yes, you might correct yourself, the Americans, Canadians, Australians and New Zealanders speak English too. That is true, but apart from that, what you really have in mind, or should say is people in Britain or the British speak English.

The words England and English are perhaps the two most misused words in the English language. The English themselves一I beg your pardon, I am making the same mistake! The     British themselves often say England and English when they really mean Britain and British. The Chinese words“英国”is even more misused than not because the term “不列颠” is hardly ever used. What's the difference, you may ask. To understand the question we have to know something about the history of the country and its people.

Before there was a country there were the people. And before there were people, there was land. So let us start off from here and take the land first.

We all know that Britain(though we often say England by force of habit) is an island country separated from the European continent by the English Channel.

Actually there are two main islands. The larger one is called Britain, or Great Britain, and the smaller one is called Ireland, and these two, together with many small islands make up what is called the British Isles.

The British is a geographical term. It is not the name of any country. At present it is made up of two countries, the larger of which is the one we very often inaccurately call England. The full official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, but people call it Britain or Great Britain for that. It consists of England, Scotland, Wales and a small part(about one-sixth) of Ireland, then or the astern part.

People still tend to call Britain England not only because England is the largest in area and the most populous but mostly because England is the strongest and also the most influential country in every respect before it absorbed the other three countries(The whole of Ireland was apart of the United Kingdom at one time) . Call it national chauvinism if you like, but people in England call Britain England out of habit rather than conscious sense of superiority, though it annoys the Welsh and especially the Scots who are proud of their separate national tradition.

1. According to the passage the correct order of the following terms is______.

A．land, people, country	B．land, country, people
C．people, land, country	D．country, people, land

2. The British Isles is made up of ______

A．one country	B．two countries
C．two and a half countries	D．three countries

3. People call Britain England because of all of the following except ______

A．people in England do so out of habit.

B．England is the nearest to the European continent.

C．England is the largest in area and has the largest population.

D．England is the strongest and also the most influential in every respect.

4. The author wrote this article mainly to ______

A．explain the geographical state of Britain

B．express his heartfelt affection for English

C．explain a common misunderstanding many may share

D．show the advantages of England over the other three countries

6 . Some people say chili peppers (辣椒) can help you breathe better if you have a cold. Others believe that chilies give you more energy. We cannot tell whether these ideas are true or false. But we can tell you that people have been growing chilies for centuries, and there are many kinds—about two hundred kinds of chili peppers.

Chilies need a warm climate to grow better. If you plant the seeds outside when the weather is cold, place the seeds in a glass. That will add more warmth from the sun so as to make the temperature inside higher than outside.

If you plant inside, fill a pot with soil. The pot should have holes in the bottom so water can run out. Drop several seeds over the surface of the pot and cover them with some soil. Then cover the top of the pot with a piece of plastic. Place the pot in a warm area.

Take off the plastic when the chilies start growing; when the plants have reached about two centimeters high, place each one carefully in its own pot.

When the roots show through the holes in the bottom of pot, put each young plant into a bigger pot which is about twelve centimeters high. When the plants are twenty centimeters high, tie the plants to a stick placed in the pot to support them.

When the chili peppers are thirty centimeters, get rid of the tops. That will make new branches grow. When the first flowers show, give the plants some potash fertilizer (钾肥). When the weather is warm, put them outside. Make sure that they get plenty of light and water.

Some people like to harvest chilies when they are green. Others like to harvest them when they are red. Both give color, taste and different amounts of heat to salads, soups, dishes and other foods.

1. We can know from the passage that _________.

A．chilies can make us breathe better

B．chilies can give our body more energy

C．chilies has been grown for a long time.

D．a red chili is hotter than a green one

2. In the cool weather , the glass which the chili seeds are placed in can ___________.

A．increase the temperature inside	B．make the air inside cleaner
C．stop the sun drying up the seeds	D．stop wind blowing away the seeds

3. What’s the right order to plant chilies inside?
①Getting rid of the tops of the chili plants.
②Covering the top of the pot with plastic
③Dropping chili seeds onto the soil in the pot.
④Giving potash fertilizer to the chili plants.

A．②③①④

B．①④②③

C．①③②④

D．③②①④

4. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A．The meanings of planting chilies	B．The steps of planting chilies
C．The advantages of planting chilies	D．The varieties of chilies

7 . Kristen Sorensen was 55 when she became paralyzed from the neck down. Diagnosed in October 2018 with a rare disorder that affects the body's nervous system, she never expected to walk again.

But earlier that year, the Brooks Treatment Center in Florida became the first center to use a unique technology developed in Japan --- the Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL). HAL, essentially a wearable machine, helps those with spinal cord (脊髓的)injuries and muscular diseases regain their movements and strengthen their nerves and muscles. Known as exoskeletons, they're a type of lightweight suit, with joints powered by small electric motors, that serve as mechanical muscle. Patients use their brain waves to control them.

When Sorensen heard about the brain wave-controlled exoskeleton, she knew she had to place an order and give it a try. A trained nurse helped her fit HAL over her waist and trousers, connecting her to sensors that help pick up faint bio-electric signals on the surface of the skin, which communicate a patient's intention to move. Once HAL receives these signals, it helps support the person's movements.

After some training and efforts, Sorensen was able to walk at her daughter's wedding a few months later in December. It's a thought that Sorensen shares. "When I used HAL, there were people who came from all over the country to use the equipment," she says. "I would like this kind of technology to be more readily available and more accessible especially to those who learn slowly."

But it's not just those with disabilities or injuries who stand to benefit. By 2050, there will be more than 2 billion people over age 60, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), and exoskeletons could offer a solution to the world's aging population.

In the future, as human bodies wear down with age, an exoskeleton - powered by active minds - could help people stay on their feet. With such huge potential applications available, the global medical exoskeleton market will be worth an estimated $2.8 billion by 2023, according to a research company.

1. What do we know about Kristen?

A．She had much difficulties in walking.

B．She was paralyzed due to an accident.

C．She volunteered in a science experiment.

D．She never gave up the hope to walk again.

2. HAL can be used as            .

A．brain wave

B．electrical nerve

C．mechanical muscle

D．spinal cord

3. What's the right order of how HAL works?
①Persons put on HAL.
②Persons are connected to the sensors.
③HAL helps support the person's motion.
④Persons send out intention to move.
⑤Sensors pick up signals and pass them to HAL.

A．②①④⑤③

B．①②③④⑤

C．②①③④⑤

D．①②④⑤③

4. We can conclude from the passage that       .

A．HAL can now be used with no difficulty

B．HAL may have a large potential market

C．HAL has been widely used in the world

D．HAL can only help people with disabilities

8 . The Poetry Foundation, recently named American poet Jack Prelutsky as the nation's first children's poet laureate (桂冠诗人). The group created the award as a way to increase children's love of poetry.

As children's poet laureate, Jack Prelutsky will give two public readings in the next two years. He will also advise the Poetry Foundation about children's literature and take part in projects concerning children and poetry.

Jack Prelutsky has been writing poetry for children for almost forty years. He has written more than thirty five books of poems. His first book was called A Gopher in the Garden. It was published in 1967. His latest is called Behold the Bold Umbrellaphant and Other Poems.

Jack Prelutsky is well known for creating new words by combining two words to create a new kind of creature. For example, he combined “radish” with “shark” to get “radishark”. “Lion” and “broccoli” became “broccolion”. He also created “umbrellaphant”, a mixture of the words “umbrella” and “elephant”.

Jack Prelutsky says that children like his poems because he writes about things they care about. Poetry researchers say that Jack Prelutsky's poems recognize children's feelings. An example of this is the poem My Sister Is a Werewolf which is about how it feels to be different.

Jack Prelutsky also writes poems about American holidays. His poem It's Halloween is a very famous one about the holiday celebrated at the end of October.

1. Which of the following can be the BEST title of the passage?

A．Poems with New Words Grow Popular	B．First Children's Poet Laureate Named
C．Children's Love for Poetry Increased	D．Jack Prelutsky Awarded Nationwide

2. What is Jack Prelutsky famous for?

A．Creating new words in his poems.	B．His productivity.
C．His long time of writing.	D．His poems about American holidays.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A．It was A Gopher in the Garden that brought him fame.

B．The poet will be kept busy over a lot of activities.

C．Jack Prelutsky will no longer write about American holidays.

D．The poem It's Halloween must have been written for adults.

4. Put the following items in RIGHT order according to the passage.
a. two public readings
b. A Gopher in the Garden
c. Behold the Bold Umbrellaphant and Other Poems
d. My Sister Is a Werewolf

A．b—c—d—a	B．d—a—c—b
C．b—d—c—a	D．a—b—c—d

9 . When I was a senior in college, I came home for Christmas vacation and anticipated a fun-filled fortnight with my two brothers. We were so excited to be together and we volunteered to watch the store so that my mother and father could take their first day off in years. The day before my parents went to Boston, my father took me quietly aside to the little den behind the store. He took out a cigar box, opened it and showed me a little pile of newspaper articles.

“What are they?” I asked.

Father replied seriously, “These are articles I’ve written and some letters to the editor that have been published.”

As I began to read, I saw at the bottom of each neatly clipped article the name Walter Chapman. “Why didn’t you tell me you’d done that?” I asked.

“Because I didn’t want your mother to know. She has always told me that since I didn’t have much education, I shouldn’t try to write. I wanted to run for some political office also, but she told me I shouldn’t try. I guess she was afraid she’d be embarrassed if I lost. I figured I could write without her knowing it, and so I did. When each item would be printed, I’d cut it out and hide it in this box. I knew someday I’d show the box to someone, and it’s you.”

He watched me as I read over a few of the articles and when I looked up, his big blue eyes were moist. “I guess I tried for something too big this last time,” he added.

“Did you write something else?”

“Yes, I sent some suggestions in to our church magazine on how the national nominating committee could be selected more fairly. It’s been three months since I sent it in. I guess I tried for something too big.”

This was such a new side to my fun-loving father that I didn’t quite know what to say, so I tried, “Maybe it’ll still come.”

“Maybe, but don’t hold your breath.” father gave me a little smile and a wink and then closed the cigar box.

The next morning our parents left on the bus to the railway station where they took a train to Boston. When I ran the store with my two brothers, I thought about the box. I’d never known my father liked to write. I didn’t tell my brothers. It was a secret between father and me.

Early that evening I looked out the store window and saw my mother get off the bus—alone.

“Where’s Dad?” We asked together.

“Your father’s dead,” she said without a tear.

She told us they had been walking through the Park Street Subway Station in the midst of crowds of people when father had fallen to the floor. A nurse bent over him, looked up at mother and said simply, “He’s dead.” Mother had stood by father stunned, not knowing what to do as people tripped over him in their rush through the subway.

Mother told us the shocking tale without shedding a tear. Not showing emotion had always been a matter of discipline and pride for her. We didn’t cry either and we took turns waiting on the customers.

One steady patron asked, “Where’s the old man tonight?”

“He’s dead,” I replied.

“Oh, too bad,” and he left.

I’d never thought of father as an old man. He’d always been healthy and happy and he’d cared for frail mother without complaining and now he was gone. No more whistling, no more singing hymns while stocking shelves. “The old man” was gone.

On the morning of the funeral, I sat at the table in the store opening sympathy cards and pasting them in a scrapbook when I noticed the church magazine in the pile. Normally I would never have opened it, but maybe that sacred article might be there—and it was.

I took the magazine to the little den, shut the door, and burst into tears. I had been brave, but seeing Dad’s bold recommendations in print was more than I could bear. I read and cried and then I read again. In the magazine I also found a two-page letter to my father from Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr., thanking him for the campaign suggestions. I took out the box and put them in it.

I didn’t tell anyone about the box.

1. Who was Walter Chapman in the passage?

A．A writer of detective stories	B．The author’s father
C．An edition of a newspaper	D．A customer in the store

2. Which one shows the order in which the events happened?
a. My father showed me a little pile of newspaper articles.
b. Our parents took a train to Boston.
c. My father’s article to the church magazine was published.
d. I came home for Christmas vacation.
e. My father died in an accident.
f. My father sent some suggestions in to the magazine.

A．f-d-a-b-e-c	B．d-a-f-b-e-c
C．d-f-c-a-b-e	D．f-d-b-a-c-e

3. The underlined sentence “Not showing emotion had always been a matter of discipline and pride for her” does NOT show that ____________.

A．she is unwilling to share her feelings with others

B．she is too proud to express her feelings

C．she is used to being serious

D．she is an emotional person

4. Why did the author burst into tears at last?

A．Because he thought of father’s whistling and singing hymns.

B．Because his father’s article to the church magazine was published.

C．Because the box full of his father’s articles was yet unknown to people.

D．Because he was moved by the funeral and the sympathy cards.

5. What’s the father’s attitude towards his writing?

A．He was ashamed of his writing so he hid the box.

B．He was proud of his talent in writing.

C．He was interested in writing and found it great fun.

D．He took writing as a means to make a living.

6. Which is the best title for this passage?

A．The Death of My Father	B．Father and I
C．The Mystery of a Hidden Box	D．A Sad Christmas Vacation

10 . When   photographer   Simon   Czapp   took   pictures   of   a curious five-month-old fox, he soon realized this little fox was attracted by his subject. The clever fox was so curious about the camera equipment that she climbed on top of it. And while she was supposed to be the subject of the shoot, the fox stood on the shutter release button (快门按钮) and took her own frames.

Mr. Czapp visited the New Forest Wildlife Park to capture images of new arrival Jessie. Jessie is a lovely little fox. She has been at the animal park in Ashurst, Hampshire—home to wolves, deer and others in 25 acres of ancient woodland after being abandoned by her mother.

Mr. Czapp said, “Jessie was very playful and curious and not shy at all in front of the camera. Soon after I arrived she was chewing my shoes and everything seemed to be a game to her. Then she started exploring the camera I had set up on a tripod (三脚架). She stood on her back legs to look at the back of the camera. She balanced her front paws on it and at one point knocked it over. ”

He put the camera back on the tripod and Jessie soon jumped back up. At one point she had all four paws on the camera and was keeping her balance. Mr. Czapp added, “She jumped up there several times and I realized it could make a good picture. As I was leaving away with the public’s viewing window (取景窗) behind me, I thought I heard the camera go off but didn’t think much of it. However, when I checked the memory card afterwards, I was amazed to see Jessie had actually taken two frames of me photographing her. I couldn’t believe I had been outfoxed (智取) by a fox! There were some lovely photos of her but she obviously thought the photographer was worthy of a picture too! ”

1. The underlined word “frames” in Para. 1 refers to _______.

A．Photographers.	B．subjects.
C．pictures.	D．equipment.

2. Which of the following is the right order in which Jessie took photos of Mr. Czapp?
a. Jessie pressed the shutter release button, taking her own pictures.
b. Jessie balanced her paws on the camera.
c. Mr. Czapp set up his camera on a tripod.
d. Jessie stood up to look at the back of the camera.

A．c, d, b, a.	B．a, c, d, b.
C．d, c, b, a.	D．b, a, c, d.

3. Which of the following best describes Jessie?

A．Lovely but annoying.	B．Naughty but lovely.
C．Careful and grateful.	D．Quick but rude.

4. What’ s the main idea of the passage?

A．Wildlife photographers took photos of wild animals.

B．A clever fox took pictures of a professional photographer.

C．Mr. Czapp showed the fox how to take photos.

D．Wild animals enjoy equal rights with humans.