1 . “In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”

“Two full inches in the first three days!”

These are the kinds of statements used in magazine，newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way to add to beauty or desirability.

Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.

To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA(Food and Drug Administration)can require proof under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act that is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure(查封)of the product.

One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.

Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings(法律诉讼)，and new devices appear continually. Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.

1. It can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are           . .

A．objective

B．costly

C．unreliable

D．illegal

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

A．The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.

B．New products are more likely to be questionable.

C．The production of a device must be approved by FDA.

D．The promoters usually just care about profits.

3. FDA can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product           

A．if it is a drug

B．if it is a device

C．if its consumers make complaints

D．if its distributors challenge FDA’s authority

4. The Relaxacisor is mentioned as          .

A．a product which was designed to produce electricity

B．a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case

C．a successful advertisement of a beauty product

D．an example of a quality beauty product

5. The author intends to           

A．make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promises

B．show the weakness of the law on product safety

C．give advice on how to keep young and beautiful

D．introduce the organization of FDA

2 . Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human conditions is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有压力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
       Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support — money aid, material resources, and needed services — that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.
1. Interpersonal relationships are important because they can _______.

A．make people live more easily

B．smooth away daily problems

C．deal with life changes

D．cure types of illnesses

2. The researches show that people’s physical and mental health _______.

A．lies in the social medical care systems which support them

B．has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

C．depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

D．is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes

3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions” ?

A．Takes place of.	B．Makes up of.
C．Lessens the effect of.	D．Gets rid of.

4. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of _______.

A．instrumental support	B．informational support
C．social companionship	D．the strengthening of self-respect

5. What is the subject discussed in the text?

A．Interpersonal relationships.

B．Kinds of social support.

C．Ways to deal with stress.

D．Effects of stressful conditions.