1 . 短语填空

ups and downs, of great importance, based on, a number of, date back to, refer to, varieties of, by means of, regarded as, according to

1. It’s ________________________ to study English well.
2. The company has undergone many ________________________.
3. ________________________ books are being sold at this bookshop.
4. The marathon ________________________a war between the Persian Empire and the Greeks.
5. This novel is ________________________historical facts.
6. I was not ________________________ her when I said so.
7. ________________________students are planting trees on the hill.
8. The teacher explained the problem ________________________an example.
9. He was later ________________________a sea god by the people in Fujian and Taiwan.
10. They both played the game ________________________the rules.

2 . 汉译英
1. _____________从……延伸到……
2. ____________编造；组成；弥补；化妆
3. ____________是……的发源地
4. _____________除了……外(还)，此外；除了……外(都)，要不是
5. ____________借助……手段；依靠……方法
6. ____________转而；依次；轮流
7. ____________不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远
8. ____________不足为奇，毫不奇怪
9. ____________对……有重大影响
10. ____________削减

3 . 汉译英
1. 原产于某地________
2. 指的是；描述；提到；查阅 ________
3. 尽管……________
4. 以……为基础________
5. 追溯到 ________
6. 多种多样的；各种各样的________
7. 主修……学科________
8. 用……办法；借助……..________
9. 绝不，无论如何都不________
10. 将……认为；把……视为________

4 . 学生们有时通过做兼职工作来养活自己。(by means of) (汉译英)