1 .
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. faith B. support C. instantly D. establishments E. available F. thoroughly
G. entitled H. reflect I. arise J. represent K. unrealistic |
Zoos were originally created as places of entertainment, and their suggested involvement with conservation didn’t seriously 1 until about 30 years ago, when the Zoological Society of London held the first formal international meeting on the subject. Eight years later, a series of world conferences took place, 2 ‘The Breeding of Endangered Species’, and from this point onwards conservation became the zoo community’s buzzword. This commitment has now been clearly defined in The World Zoo Conservation Strategy (WZCS)，which –although an important and welcome document- does seem to be based on a/ an 3 optimism about the nature of the zoo industry.
The WZCS estimates that there are about 10000 zoos in the world, of which around 1000 4 a core of quality collections capable of participating in coordinated conservation programs. This is probably the document’s first failing, as I believe that 10000 is a serious reserve of the total number of places which claim to be zoological 5 . Of course it is difficult to get accurate data but, to put the issue into perspective, I have found that in a year of working in Eastern Europe, I discover fresh zoos on almost a weekly basis.
The second flaw in the reasoning of the WZCS document is its naive 6 in its 1000 core zoos. One would assume that the quality of these institutions would have been 7 examined, but it appears that the criterion for inclusion on this select list might merely be that the zoo is a member of a zoo federation or association. This might be a good starting point, working on the basis that members must meet certain standards, but again the facts don’t 8 the theory. The greatly respected American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA) has had extremely dubious, and even notorious (臭名昭著的) members. As they were always a collection of bad reputation, one is obliged to 9 upon the standards that the Zoo Federation sets when granting membership. The situation is even worse in developing countries where little money is 10 for redevelopment.
