1 . As the new snow season starts, enthusiastic skiers and snowboarders can’t wait to hit the trails. Among them is 11-month-old Wang Yuji, who can barely walk. A video of the girl standing on a snowboard and sliding down a hill in Zhangjiakou, Hebei province, went viral on the Internet recently.

Fan Xueyin, Yuji’s mother, said it was her daughter’s first time to try snowboarding. She said she and her husband were both born in the 1980s, live and work in Beijing, and love outdoor sports such as cycling, camping and running. They hope Yuji will learn to share those interests.

“As China will host the Winter Olympics soon, we are really encouraged to try ice and snow sports,” Fan said. Recently, we learned to snowboard for the first time, so we also brought our child, with the mentality of trying something new.

“Our family’s philosophy has always been that we encourage our child to do whatever sports we do. We don’t choose sports that we don’t know how to do ourselves. I went snowboarding with her dad, so we got her a little snowboard too.”

They initially considered waiting until Yuji was a little older, but Fan said “she really loved it”. Fan said the family has visited Thaiwoo Ski Resort in Zhangjiakou’s Chongli district many times. “Yuji has got along very well with the staff and neighbors,” she said. “Unlike living in the city, it’s wonderful for her to be able to play outside three or four hours a day here.”

1. What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in the first paragraph probably mean?

A．Aroused argument.	B．Caused disagreement.
C．Broadcast rapidly.	D．Infected virus.

2. Which factor motivates the couple to attempt ice and snow sports?

A．They hoped their children would share those interests.

B．The couple was eager to learn to snowboard.

C．The Winter Olympics will take place in China soon.

D．The child wanted to experience something new.

3. What is the couple’s family education concept?

A．Set an example for the child to follow.

B．Encourage the child to do whatever she likes.

C．Provide all that parents can to meet the child’s needs.

D．Develop the child’s skills in an all-around level.

4. Why has Fan’s family visited Thaiwoo Ski Resort many times?

A．They got tired of living in the city for long.

B．It is more suitable for doing sports than other resorts.

C．The girl could meet new people and play heartily there.

D．The first time to ski in it impressed Yuji most.

2 . With the completion of the Beijing Winter Games, the city has become the first in the world to host both the Summer and Winter Olympic Games.

As Beijing normally doesn’t have much snow in winter, artificial snow has been used at venues for the Beijing 2022 Olympic winter Games.

“If you want to wait for nature ensured the smooth running of the Winter Games, provide you with all of the required materials to ski on, you risk not being able organize a competition, ”the former International Ski Federation (FIS) freestyle coordinator Joseph Fitzgerald told Xinhua.

Artificial snow has been commonly seen in the Olympic Winter Games for decades ever since its first use in Lake Placid, New York, in 1980. Artificial snow has many benefits. It’s fairer and safer for athletes, competing during each event Competition snow requires a higher density (密度) than recreational snow in order to meet the requirements of the FIS. Different from natural snow, certain characteristics of the artificial snow can be easily changed to meet the qualities and needs of different competition venues (场地).

Snow machines at the Beijing 2022 Winter Games all ran on renewable energy. “We have designed the latest in snow-making. It’s very efficient in terms of energy consumption and the use of water,”Davide Cerato , an Italian mountain operation expert in charge of snow-making in Zhangjiakou, told China Daily. “Water used for snow-making only comes from rainfall and surface run-off, and it can be recycled, Wei Qinghua, the mountain operation manager at the Zhangjiakou, told Shine, a Shanghai-based news platform. A sewage (污水) treatment station has also been established to process the sanitary (卫生的) sewage from the competition zone into recycling water for plant-watering and toilet use, Sun Xianghui, an engineer from Beijing Beikong Jing’ao Construction Corporation, told Xinhua.

1. Which of the following does Joseph probably agree with?

A．The Winter Games should not only rely on natural snow.

B．Organizers are advised to use artificial and natural snow.

C．Natural snow can bring risks and challenges to winter sports.

D．The required material for the Winter Games is hard to obtain.

2. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．High requirements and qualities of the FIS.

B．Artificial snow’s better quality than natural snow.

C．The advantages of artificial snow in competitions.

D．The wide use of artificial snow in the Winter Games.

3. What can be learned about the snow machines at the Beijing Winter Games?

A．They are very environmentally friendly.

B．They can produce certain types of rainfall.

C．They process the sewage for watering plants.

D．They use sanitary sewage and recycling water.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

The Chinese capital, the first city in the world to host the summer and the winter Olympic Games, has come up with innovative high-tech standards for Beijing 2022, delivering China’s promise to hold a “simple, safe and splendid” event.

As the Winter Olympic Games continue in China, some of the different technologies are being used in Beijing. Journalists reporting on the Winter Olympics are offered the chance to sleep on the job thanks to the high-tech cabins (房舱) at the Beijing media centre. The 20 sleep rest cabins were developed by China’s Keeson Technology Corp, and with a simple scan of their phones, journalists can use them for power naps for up to an hour.

The spacious cabins are equipped with the same type of beds provided for the athletes. The smart beds with sensors can collect information on things like breathing and heart rates. Users can adjust the position of the beds, which have a massage setting, by using a remote control or their phone. The beds also have controls to permit users to choose different sleeping positions, including one called “zero gravity”, which is especially designed for the Beijing Winter Games. Raising the head 15 degrees and legs by 35 degrees is beneficial for blood circulation and able to help the users to relieve stress and get a good night sleep. So far, thirty to forty people a day have used the cabins at the Beijing media centre. The cabins are fully cleaned after each use.

The sleep rest cabins are just one of a number of innovations at the Games. The city has gone to great lengths to make the Winter Olympics a smart sports experience.

1. According to the passage, what high-tech equipment is provided to journalists at the Beijing media centre?
2. How do you understand the underlined part "power naps" in the second paragraph?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The smart beds have many functions, such as treating breathing and heart diseases, providing massage setting and permitting zero gravity sleeping position.
4. There are many other high-tech products used in our daily life. Please introduce another high-tech product. (In about 40 words)

4 . This year, several young athletes have shone brightly at the Beijing Winter Olympics, giving us a glimpse of their generation’s nature.

Obviously, the young generation is filled with “brave warriors” who want to challenge impossibilities and push boundaries. Freestyle skier Gu Ailing is a good example. After she finished strong in the first two jumps in the women’s free-ski Big Air event, it was certain that she could get a medal. But instead of taking heed of it, the 18-year-old skier pushed herself to the limit. On the last jump, Gu decided to attempt a difficult trick: a left double cork 1620—four and a half rotations in the air—before landing. “I have never done the ‘left 16’ before. I hadn’t prepared much for it apart from two days on the air bag,” Gu told China Daily, “but I felt it was a chance.”

But for these young athletes, the sport is never just about scores, but also about having as much fun as possible.

Born in the US, Gu faced criticism and doubts for representing China in the Beijing Winter Olympics. When questioned by The Guardian, the girl said bluntly she wasn’t trying to make everyone happy. “I’m an 18-year-old girl out here living my best life. I’m having a great time.” Gu said. “It doesn’t really matter if other people are happy or not, because I feel I’ m doing my best and I’m enjoying the entire process.”

Gu’s good friend, Chinese snowboarder Su Yiming also shares a similar attitude. He takes sports as a way to have fun. After he was judged to have lost the gold to Canadian athlete Max Parrot in the men’s slopestyle final, the 17-year-old didn’t feel upset. Instead, he was happy to have the chance to compete with his idol.

“When I was on the podium hugging Max Parrot, it felt unreal,” Su told China Daily. “All I did today was enjoy the runs and concentrate on my tricks. As long as I am on my snowboard I am happy.”

1. The phrase “taking heed of it” underlined in paragraph 2 can be replaced by ______.

A．playing it safe	B．taking a risk
C．avoiding mistakes	D．taking part in it

2. What can we know about Gu Ailing according to the text?

A．She didn’t perform well.	B．She is a post-00.
C．She was an American.	D．She isn’t easy-going

3. Who got the gold medal in the men’s slopestyle final?

A．Not mentioned.

B．Gu Ailing.

C．Su Yiming.

D．Max Parrot.

4. What does the reporter want to convey in this text?

A．The young generation shares a similar attitude.

B．Young athletes show the nature of the young generation.

C．Young Chinese dare to push the limits but also enjoy their career.

D．Young athletes have shone brightly at the Beijing Winter Olympics.

5 . For the first time in the history of the Olympic Games, and in China, the Olympic and Paralympic Games Beijing 2022 will use natural carbon dioxide (CO₂) refrigeration systems at four of their ice sports competition and training venues.

The use of the natural CO₂ technology is replacing hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), traditionally used to cool ice rinks（溜冰场）and proved to damage the earth’s ozone layer and contribute to global warming. HFCs have a warming impact that is up to four thousand times greater than CO₂.

“The Olympic Games are first and foremost a sporting event, but with their global visibility, they also provide an important platform to showcase sustainable solutions, said Marie Sallois, IOC Director for Sustainability.

The use of natural CO₂ refrigerants at the Games will help reduce carbon emissions equal to 3, 900 cars per year, cutting them to nearly zero. A similar carbon reduction could be achieved by planting about 1.2 million trees. The system also has a cooling efficiency that is 1.2 times higher than the traditional HFC refrigerants, and can maintain a temperature consistency of 0.5 degrees Celsius or less across ice surfaces, making the ice easier to skate on.

The carbon dioxide used for the technology is collected and purified from industrial waste gases, while the waste heat generated during the refrigeration process is recycled and used for the stadium’s ambient（周围的）heating, hot water for ice making and melting and showers, and the efficient control of indoor temperature and humidity all year around. It is estimated to save up to two million kilowatt-hours of electricity annually compared to the traditional HFC systems.

Beijing 2022 has committed to staging carbon-neutral Games, and the debut（首次亮相）of the new refrigeration technology is among many ways in which it is reducing the Games’ carbon footprint. Beijing 2022 will also power all its venues with renewable energy and use fuel-efficient and clean-energy vehicles for all passenger cars.

1. What do we know about HFCs?

A．It makes Earth warm.	B．It is a new technology.
C．It’s only used to cool ice rinks.	D．It will be used in Olympic Beijing 2022.

2. What’s the benefit of natural CO₂ refrigerants?

A．They can protect 1.2 million trees.

B．They cool more rapidly than traditional ones.

C．They will make carbon emissions zero.

D．They keep the temperature above 0.5 degrees Celsius.

3. How can the natural CO₂ technology save electricity?

A．It purifies its waste air.	B．It collects CO2 in the open air.
C．It controls indoor temperature.	D．It makes a good use of the waste heat.

4. What does the underlined word “staging” mean in Paragraph 6?

A．Controlling.	B．Winning.
C．Holding.	D．Playing.

6 . Here is a brief guide to every sport at the Winter Olympics in Beijing.

Alpine skiing, 11 gold medals awarded

The disciplines include downhill, the fastest event; super-G, with more turns added; giant slalom (回转), still more turns; and slalom, the slowest and most technical event.

Biathlon (冬季两项), 11 golds

Take the endurance test of cross-country skiing and shake it up very few kilometers by having athletes stop to shoot at targets. Too many misses, and skiers must take a penalty lap. Germany, France, Sweden and Norway should dominate the medals.

Figure skating, 5 golds

The strong Russian team swept the top three spots in the women’s competition at the last world tournament, with now 17-year-old Anna Shcherbakova on top. American Nathan Chen’s potential duel (对决) with Yuzuru Hanyu of Japan, the 2014 and 2018 Olympic champion, could be a highlight of the Games.

In the pairs event, Sui Wenjing and Han Cong could bring the gold to the host nation.

Freestyle sking, 13 golds

There are six disciplines. In the aerials and the new big air event, skiers launch themselves of a ramp and perform flips (空翻) and spins. In half pipe, they perform in a U-shaped bowl, and in slope style, they ski down a course with rails and jumps. In moguls (雪上技巧赛), they ski over a bumpy course and are judged on turns, jumps and speed. The only event that is timed instead of judged is ski cross (障碍追逐赛), in which skiers race against one another in groups of four.

Speedskating, 23 golds

Long-track speed skating is dominated by the Dutch. They won seven of 14 gold medals in 2018 and eight of 12 in 2014. Short-track provided China with its gold of the 2018 Games. South Korea will also be a major contender.

1. How many disciplines does Alpine skiing include?

A．3.

B．4.

C．5.

D．6.

2. Which country mayn’t dominate the medals from Biathlon?

A．Russia.

B．Sweden.

C．Norway.

D．Germany.

3. Which of the following is not true?

A．Anna Shcherbakova won the first place at the last world toumament.

B．Nathan Chen’s potential duel with Yuzuru Hanyu could be a highlight.

C．Sui Wenjing and Han Cong could bring a gold to China.

D．The Dutch won 14 gold medals in long-track speedskating in 2018.

7 . Two years ago, Beijing became the first city ever to hold both Summer and Winter Olympic Games after winning the 2022 Winter Olympics bid with co-host city Zhangjiakou, bringing snow and ice sports into public spotlight. Now, let’s take a look at some of the most popular events in the Winter Olympic Games.

Figure skating

Figure skating is one of the most popular sports at the Winter Olympics, in which ice skaters, singly or in pairs, perform freestyle movements of jumps, spins, lifts, and footwork in a graceful manner. The figure skating competition is one of the fiercest at the Winter Olympics — one slight error, and a competitor’s chance of a medal goes up in smoke. To win the game, the skater has to be flawless.

Curling

Curling is one of the most unique sports at the Winter Olympics — a winter sport played by two teams of four players on a rectangular sheet of ice. The two teams take turns to slide (滑动) large round flat stones towards a target. Members of each team use brooms to sweep the surface of the ice in the path of the stone to control its speed and direction.And while curling may be a “slow” sport, it’s still full of skill, suspense and excitement!

Snowboarding

Snowboarding is a popular winter sport that involves sliding downhill on snow with a snowboard firmly attached to a rider's feet. The sport is said to have been inspired by surfing, skiing and skateboarding, as an alternative to alpine skiing (高山滑雪).While snowboarding is one of the newer events — first included at the 1998 Winter Olympics, it has become one of the most popular and exciting sports at the Winter Olympics.

Ice hockey

Ice hockey is a game between two teams who wear skates and compete on an ice rink (溜冰场). Each team usually has six players. The object is to push the puck (冰球) past a goal line and into a net guarded by a goalkeeper. Ice hockey is popular for its speed and frequent physical contact. Worldwide there are more than a million registered Ice hockey players performing regularly in leagues.

1. Which of the winter sports mentioned above involves team work?

A．Figure skating and Curling.

B．Curling and Ice hockey.

C．Snowboarding and Figure skating.

D．Snowboarding and lee hockey.

2. Figure skates ought to be ________.

A．elegant and faultless	B．inspired and excited
C．skillful and defensive	D．calm and fashionable

3. What do we know about these winter sports from the passage?

A．The curling ice path is brushed to help the stone slide.

B．Minor mistakes can be ignored in figure skating.

C．Over a million become ice hockey league members each year.

D．Snowboarding originated from skiing, surfing and shooting.

8 . A WeChat mini-program for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games was officially launched on July 2.     1     And it will also change their low-carbon behaviors such as walking, bike riding, as well as bus and subway taking, into “carbon points” in their accounts, which can be exchanged for some awards.

    2     For example, a user can get 0.02 carbon points per step, up to 200 points per day, 174 points for participating in the “clear your plate” campaign each time, and 209 points for taking a bus. Quantifying (量化) low-carbon activities with carbon points enables the public to gradually develop a green and low-carbon lifestyle.     3    

To actively respond to the global climate change, reducing carbon emission and achieving carbon neutrality (碳中和) has become a must in major international sports events.     4     The Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games made an even bolder move by launching a nationwide low-carbon campaign and developing a mini-program for the public to help reduce carbon emission.

The Beijing 2022 has always remained committed to being green, low-carbon and sustainable, from its bidding to preparation.     5     All venues are constructed under the national green building standards.

A．It will be popular among many international experts.

B．It will open an individual carbon account for each user.

C．More importantly, it contributes to a greener sport event.

D．Different amounts of carbon points are based on how low-carbon the activities are.

E．It has continuously made breakthroughs in low-carbon energy, venues, and transportation.

F．Carbon neutrality refers to taking steps to balance carbon emissions from human activities.

G．In the past, major sports events usually achieved this through forestry management, and renewable projects.