1 . This is not a diet. It's a simple way to lose weight. Your don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you'll become thin.
◆Wake-up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore (酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
◆Start with soup
Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you'll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
◆An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber (纤维) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
◆Talk it up
Every time you use the cellphone, stand up and walk around. Heavy peoples it on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories. Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
1. The text is to encourage you to .| A．go on a diet | B．give up your favorite foods |
| C．join a gym | D．follow some habits of thin people |
| A．Sit up quickly in the morning. | B．Have soup before the main food. |
| C．Eat rice instead of apples. | D．Sit down when using a cellphone. |
| A．Stand up and walk around. | B．Sit quietly. |
| C．Lie on the bed. | D．Eat an apple. |
2 . This is not a diet. It’s a simple way to lose weight. You don’t have to give up the food you love or join a gym. You just follow some habits thin people have. Keep them, and you’ll become thin.
Wake up
When you wake up in the morning, sit up slowly without using your hands. With legs straight out, lean forward (前俯) until you feel sore(酸痛的) in your back. It will use up 10 calories.
Start with soup
Order a clear soup, and have it before the main food. In this way, you’ll feel fuller, so you’ll eat less when the main food comes.
An apple or more a day
Apples are full of fiber(纤维素) and water, so your stomach will want less. Studies show that people who eat at least three apples or pears a day may lose weight.
Talk it up
Every time you use the cellphone, stand up and walk around. Heavy people sit on average two and a half hours more each day than thin people. This skill is very important as standing up and walking around will burn up 50 or more calories.
Use these skills, and you will have a big weight loss.
1. The text is to encourage you to _______.| A．go on a diet | B．follow some habits of thin people |
| C．join a gym | D．give up your favorite foods |
| A．Sit up quickly in the morning. | B．Sit down when using a cellphone. |
| C．Eat rice instead of apples. | D．Have soup before the main food. |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Five. | D．Four. |
3 . Losing weight comes with a lot of health benefits-including making your brain sharper.
Yes, it turns out that overweight may damage cognitive functions such as memory and attention. There have been few studies of overweight and cognitive functioning, possibly because it is generally believed that it is not a primary risk cause for poor cognitive performance. Losing weight, therefore, may help improve these mental functions, according to a new research led by John Gunstad, assistant professor of psychology at Kent State University.
Growing evidence suggests that being fat is linked to cognitive deficits (缺陷). So Gunstad and his team guessed that losing weight might improve mental function. For their study, they measured memory and attention in a group of 150 overweight participants, some of whom had some kind of operation for weight loss and some did not. All of the volunteers completed mental skills tests to assess their abilities of memory and attention at the beginning of the study, and again 12 weeks later. To begin with, about 24% of the patients showed damaged learning and 23% showed signs of poor memory when tested. At the end of the study, those who had lost weight after operation improved their scores into the average or above average range for cognitive functions. Scores for the volunteers who didn’t lose weight dropped even further.
The study helped Gunstad to find out whether losing weight had any effect on mental function. Now that he’s seen the positive effect that weight loss can have on memory and attention, he says he will next study those who choose to lose weight by the traditional way—eating healthier and getting more active. He expects that losing weight in this way will have a similarly positive effect on the brain. “If we can improve the condition with operations, then we can probably produce the same change with behavioral weight loss as well,” he says.
1. There is less research on overweight and cognitive functions because researchers _____.| A．believe overweight only affects our body |
| B．have focused on ways to sharpen people’s mind |
| C．do not consider overweight a main cause for low cognitive ability |
| D．are clear about the relation between weight and mental functions |
| A．losing weight has little effect on people’s memory |
| B．losing weight can improve people’s mental functions |
| C．overweight people are likely to have psychology problems |
| D．overweight people’s abilities of concentration differ greatly |
| A．Slim people are smarter than overweight people. |
| B．Healthy diet is better than exercise in losing weight. |
| C．Traditional ways of losing weight are better than operation. |
| D．Overweight people will get smarter by taking more exercise. |
| A．Body Weight and Health | B．Losing Weight by Operation |
| C．Ways to Improve Mental Functions | D．Losing Weight to Sharpen Your Mind |
4 . Rethinking Obesity(肥胖症)
In principle, it sounds simple: eat less and move more. This dietary advice for dealing with obesity has been around for decades.
One possibility is that we haven’t tried hard enough. Perhaps we have lacked the discipline and willpower to maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits—a challenge made more difficult today for those surrounded by inexpensive, tasty highly processed foods.
The key to how this works in obesity is insulin (胰岛素) processed, rapidly digestible carbohydrates (碳水化合物食品) raise our insulin level too high.
The two opposing views of cause and effect in obesity have very different implications for how to prevent and treat weight problems. The usual approach focuses on how much to eat, with prescriptions (处方) for daily calorie intake.
This way of thinking might help explain why calorie restriction usually fails long before a person with obesity approaches an ideal body weight. A low-calorie, low-fat diet further restricts an already limited supply of energy to the body, worsening hunger without addressing the underlying tendency to store too many calories in body fat.
Although much more research will be needed to test this idea, it is time to question the basic assumptions about cause and effect calories and weight gain that have controlled our thinking.
| A．Yet, worldwide obesity rates just keep going up. |
| B．In our view the emphasis should be place a on what to eat. |
| C．It is important to control the amount of food consumed by us. |
| D．Obesity is a disease that affects 650 million adults worldwide. |
| E．Or perhaps the problem is the focus on “calorie balance” itself. |
| F．Weight loss becomes a battle between mind and metabolism(新陈代谢). |
| G．This causes fat cells to take in to many calories, leaving fewer for the rest of the body. |
A calorie deficit(赤字，不足)is a sate in which you burn more calories than you consume. As one of the most popular approaches of losing weight, how does it work? For example, if you burn 2,000 calories per day but only eat 2000, you have created a deficit of 500 calories per day. There is mathematical certainty. But, this by no means tells whole story about how calories deficit affects our lives.
Before wondering what a calorie deficit is, it's probably best to learn what a caloric is. A calorie is a unit that we use to track our body's energy expenditure(消耗) and storage. In order to just stay alive, human beings (and animals) burn calories. This means, even before we perform any activity, our bodies are already using energy (measured in calories) to keep us alive. Around 70% of the calories we consume are spent on just keeping our vital organs running. Thus, if a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin, it may have negative effects on the body.
When people pick up a calorie deficit, they often merely note that the calorie math is irrefutable (无可辩驳的). The question here is that not all calories are the same. If you eat a few bags of potato chip worth of calories to support the calorie intake needed to maintain or cut down on your weight, it will work. But, this doesn't have the same effect on your body and overall health as a balanced nutritional meal containing the same amount of calories.
It seems like a simple unit of energy has become an object of our society's obsession. it needn't be that way. Remember, calorie deficits are just a tool, which serves a purpose in losing some weight and keeping track of your calorie intake seems simple enough.
1. What do we know about the calorie deficit?2. Why cannot a person consumes calories far more less than needed to look thin?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Those who are on diet to lose weight healthily can eat a few bags of potato chips a day to get proper calories to support one s body.
4. What is your advice for people who are losing weight? (about 40 words)
6 . I went shopping for a dress to wear to my daughter’s high school graduation half a year ago. To my horror, I could only fit into a size 20.
Being overweight most of my adult life, I always had very little self-confidence. Wearing a dress I didn’t like to such an important event was enough to make me look for help. Thankfully, a friend of mine was attending Weight Watchers meetings, and I noticed her great progress. Her success inspired me to give it a try. I joined Weight Watchers, attended their meetings and started following their Weight-Loss System.
I focused on the plan with determination and never missed a weekly meeting! I discovered that I enjoyed the benefits of having the help and support of others. I also read the weekly online e-newsletter and was inspired by the stories, recipes and information offered there, I also read magazines produced by Weight Watchers, which have great tips and new ideas in each issue.
It’s hard for me to even remember the person I was before my amazing change. I didn’t walk anywhere and couldn’t wash my car or walk my dog. Today I do these simple tasks without even thinking about them. But the change didn’t happen overnight. I had to exercise with patience and perseverance. I decided to take it one day at a time and stick with it for good.
The “new me” is more self-confident and healthier. I love how I feel now. I have more energy and feel like I’m 25 again. So why not give Weight Watchers a try if you have the same overweight problem?
1. The underlined word “inspired” in the second paragraph can be replaced by .| A．excited | B．moved | C．encouraged | D．forced |
| A．often went shopping before she lost weight | B．was overweight when she was a child |
| C．ever wanted to give up losing weight | D．now is more confident than before |
| A．tell us how to gain self-confidence |
| B．show off the great progress that the author has made |
| C．give us some tips on how to lose weight quickly |
| D．advise overweight people to give Weight Watchers a try |
| A．Weak. | B．Calm. | C．Patient. | D．Silent. |
Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults．The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases．
Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development．He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often, which has a high sugar, fat and salt content．He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities．They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot．
The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious diseases．
The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries．The organization says you should lower your intake of fat, sugar, salt and processed food and eat more fruits, vegetables and increase physical activity．The WHO says these actions are especially important for children．
And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life, if possible．More importantly, governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help．In his view, government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt．"Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy．The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries．" he adds．
1. What is the main idea of Paragraph l?
| A．Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly． |
| B．Children in developing countries generally weigh too much． |
| C．The number of overweight children in the world has doubled． |
| D．The World Health Organization has increased greatly． |
| A．school education |
| B．transportation |
| C．physical condition |
| D．lifestyles |
| A．cure |
| B．cause |
| C．worsen |
| D．prevent |
| A．babies breastfed aren’t likely to become overweight |
| B．food producers should be stopped from marketing, food to children |
| C．governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesity |
| D．the number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries |
