1 . During my stay at the University of Michigan, one of the senior professors asked me to join a seminar on culture and emotion. In a general________of self-introductions, I introduced myself in a(n)________Dutch way as one of those who are “interested in culture and emotion”. The professor supplemented (补充) my self-introduction to________American standards, saying I was one of the world’s experts on the________. In response, I looked down in________, and thought that “expert” was a big word.

When I lived in North Carolina, my new friends came over to ________. Conversations were full of interest and energy, and there was a lot of ________. At the end of the evening, when my guests left, they thanked me for the dinner. My heart________, because I was born and raised in the Netherlands, where “thanking for dinner” means the relationship is ________. Emotions are different enough to feel out of________when you move from one culture to another. The professor at the University of Michigan meant to make me feel________, but instead made me uncomfortable. My friends meant to show ________, but they made me think they were distancing themselves from me.

We think about emotions as feelings deep inside us, but in________, our emotions happen in interactions with others. In my own culture, it was hard to observe the________emotions of others, but I was able to see them when I moved to the US—a different________from where I was raised.

1.

A．analysis

B．state

C．letter

D．round

2.

A．understated

B．interesting

C．dramatic

D．proud

3.

A．set

B．fit

C．evaluate

D．recommend

4.

A．approach

B．situation

C．topic

D．course

5.

A．curiosity

B．pity

C．disappointment

D．embarrassment

6.

A．play

B．dine

C．work

D．perform

7.

A．support

B．noise

C．fun

D．arguing

8.

A．sank

B．melted

C．raced

D．opened

9.

A．harmonious

B．normal

C．strong

D．distant

10.

A．date

B．shape

C．place

D．sight

11.

A．reliable

B．good

C．serious

D．careful

12.

A．gratitude

B．respect

C．admiration

D．affection

13.

A．total

B．advance

C．detail

D．reality

14.

A．unbelievable

B．pure

C．invisible

D．powerful

15.

A．level

B．culture

C．standard

D．value

2 . Born in 1961, Snoussi, a Frenchman, first came to China in 1983. At that time, he was a law student at Aix-en-Provence University and accompanied his father on a business trip to China.

    1    In March 2006, Snoussi moved to Ningbo to help his father who had set up his export business. After living there for more than seven years, Snoussi realized that what he missed most was a traditional French bakery.“    2    , which made Chinese, Korean, or European-style bread, but we couldn’t find that specific French taste. It was unlike our daily bread,because in my home country, bread is a bit like rice in China,” he explained. In June 2013,Snoussi opened an authentic (正宗的) French bakery in Ningbo. Though he had no baking experience, he quickly learned the ropes from a French baker.    3    .

What makes Mon Epoque unique is its authentic French identity, which guarantees a genuine French taste every day. “We are one of the few French bakeries in China that directly imports flour from France, produced in the Cognac region from French wheat.    4    . These are the two most important ingredients in baking. This allows us to guarantee the same taste and quality day in, day out. We pay attention to the quality and the taste of our products so that our patrons can experience the same feeling every day,” he said.

    5    . In 2008,he donated over 30,000 yuan($4,300)to Wenchuan in Sichuan Province. In Ningbo, he donated T-shirts for students with disabilities and gave scholarships to outstanding students at a school. For several years, he sponsored (赞助) the Pink Ribbon Campaign organized by a team of foreign women to raise awareness about breast cancer. He also sponsored activities to encourage more people to look after stray dogs.

A．This French baker was famous for his unique bakery

B．Snoussi is keen on social activities in Ningbo

C．The butter used is also imported from France

D．Snoussi enjoys helping people in need

E．This visit was a culture shock for him

F．He named his brand Mon Epoque

G．We had good bakeries in Ningbo

3 . The idea that the normal human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.

Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Par-sonnet,MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.

For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct data sets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the early 19th century while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s.

As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors: One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症),which promote metabolism. This combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls.

”The environment that we’re living in has changed, including the temperature in our homes, our contact with microorganisms (微生物) and the food that we have access to. All these things mean that although we consider human beings as the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said.

1. What is Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement?

A．He set up standards for human health services.

B．He predicted trends in human body temperature.

C．He first used body temperature as a health indicator.

D．He proposed the standard human body temperature.

2. What can we learn about the Stanford team’s study?

A．It shows women have a lower body temperature than men.

B．It proves human body temperature has dropped at a faster rate.

C．It compared historical and current human body temperature data.

D．It suggested updating the definition of the average body temperature.

3. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature?

A．The improved living conditions.

B．The contact with other creatures.

C．The decline in physically demanding work.

D．The adaptation of humans to climate change.

4. Which one could be the best title for the text?

A．What exactly is normal human body temperature?

B．Why does human body temperature need measuring?

C．Human body temperature has decreased over the years

D．Human body temperature changes with the environment

4 . PFAS are found in nonstick pans, water-proof fabrics and food packaging. They’re called forever chemicals because of their ability to stick around and not break down. Now, using a bit of heat and two relatively common compounds, researchers have degraded (降解) the chemical in the lab.

While some scientists have found relatively simple ways of breaking down select PFAS, most degradation methods require harsh processes using intense pressure — in some cases over 22 mega-pascals — or extremely high temperatures — sometimes upwards of 1,000℃ — to break the chemical bonds.

William Dichtel, from Northwestern University in Evanston, and his team experimented with two substances found in nearly every chemistry lab; sodium hydroxide (氢氧化钠), also known as lye, and a solvent (溶剂) called DMSO. The team worked specifically on a group of forever chemicals which contain a large percentage of PFAS.

When the team combined chemicals with the lye and DMSO at 120℃ and with no extra pressure needed, the carbolic acid (羧酸) fell off the chemicals and became carbon dioxide. “What happened next was unexpected, ” Dichtel said. The loss of the acid helped degrade the chemicals into fluoride ions (氟离子) and smaller carbon-containing products, leaving behind no harmful by-products.

“It’s a neat method; it’s different from others that have been tried,” says Chris Sales, an environmental engineer at Drexel University in Philadelphia who was not involved in the study. “The biggest question is how this could be adapted and scaled up. Understanding this mechanism is just one step in undoing forever chemicals,” Sales said.

This process wouldn’t work to deal with PFAS in the environment, because it requires a concentrated amount of the chemicals, but it could one day be used in wastewater treatment plants, where the pollutants could be filtered out of the water, concentrated and then broken down.

1. What can we learn about the previous ways to break down PFAS?

A．They’re eco-friendly.	B．They’ve been widely used.
C．They’re difficult to operate.	D．They’re regarded as useless.

2. What did the team do in their experiment?

A．They experimented with different solvents.

B．They tried two very common substances.

C．They tested every group of forever chemicals,

D．They exposed chemicals to extreme temperatures.

3. What made the researchers most surprised in their experiment?

A．Environmentally-friendly reactions occurred.

B．The carboxylic acid became carbon dioxide.

C．No extra pressure was needed for the trial.

D．The lye and DMSO could work at 120℃,

4. What can we infer from Chris Sales’ words?

A．It is difficult to deal with PFAS in the environment.

B．This mechanism will soon be used in the environment.

C．The method will be applied to different kinds of chemicals.

D．More research is needed before the method is widely used.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When Thompson was very young, his parents died. He lived a poor life with his grandmother. She took good care of Thompson and he became understanding and kind. They lived in an old house. When it rained, the house leaked and it became a nightmare to them. Thompson wanted to put tiles (瓦片) on the house so that they could survive the rainy season and the cold winter.

So Thompson started collecting disused tiles everywhere. One day, he came to a construction site about three miles from his house. Because the site was boarded up, he could only look around the outside of it. He took a stick and searched for something he could use as tiles. Suddenly, a tile appeared in front of him. He jumped for joy and rushed to pick up the tile. At that moment, a voice came from the construction site. A man with a helmet shouted, “What are you doing? Are you stealing something?” Thompson felt frightened and explained, “No, sir, I’m picking up rubbish.” The man added, “Do you treat new tiles as rubbish? It seems that you are stealing something. Just drop what you are holding and get out of here.” Thompson felt upset, but had no choice but to leave.

The next day, Thompson looked around for tiles as usual. This time he came to a place where rubbish was piled up. As it happened, it was seen by the man who Thompson met at the construction site. Actually, the man’s name was David and he was an architect. He was curious about Thompson’s behaviour and wondered if he had misjudged him the day before.

To find out what was going on, David chose to follow Thompson in silence. After an hour or so, David followed Thompson to the old house. He saw Thompson placing the tiles he had picked up on the dilapidated (破旧的) roof. David felt sorry for Thompson and realized that he had misunderstood him. David started understanding Thompson’s reason for picking up the tiles.

注意：
1.续写词数应为 150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

David decided to help Thompson.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

In the late afternoon, Thompson and his grandmother returned home.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . Why Subscribe to Reader’s Digest?

The world’s best-loved general-interest publication contains something for everyone. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stories, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jokes and anecdotes. Each issue is small enough to fit in your handbag or pocket, but big enough to keep you entertained for weeks on end.

From regular columns packed with information to gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stories and helpful how-tos, our magazine offers knowledge, positivity and humour. In this month’s issue you’ll find...

An interview with Hugh Dancy:

The newest addition to the cast of Downton Abbey on New York, Law & Order, and the nostalgia (怀旧) of playing an English gentleman.

Saving the sound of the Stradivaius:

Meet the experts fighting to save the unbeatable sound of history’s greatest violins, meeting the love of her life.

Community Power:

Across the UK, communities are coming together to save their pubs, shops, and more.

If Grace Dent ruled the world:

The restaurant critic shares her manifesto (宣言) for world domination.

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1. If readers want to know about an actor, which one should they read?

A．Community Power.	B．If Grace Dent ruled the world.
C．An interview with Hugh Dancy.	D．Saving the sound of the Stradivaius.

2. How much will you save if you take out a full one-year subscription today?

A．£22.99.

B．£3.

C．£47.88.

D．£24.89.

3. What kind of writing is the passage?

A．A part of a fiction.

B．An introduction.

C．An advertisement.

D．A research report.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Zhongyong, “Doctrine of the Mean,     1     (be) a Confucian classic and part of the Four Books. It is actually     2     chapter of the ritual (礼仪) classic Liji, and     3     (take) out from this book in the Song period. There are several opinions about the authorship of the Zhongyong. It is     4     ( traditional) attributed (认为是) to Zisi, a grandson of Confucius. The text seems,     5     modern authors say, at least partially to have been compiled (编纂) during the Former Han period.

The concept of “the mean” is a core idea of Confucianism. The so-called “mean” by Confucius doesn’t mean “compromise (折中)”     6     a “just-right” way when understanding and handling objective things. This will result     7     harmony in action, and eventually in a harmonious society. Pure harmony without wandering from the central tone, and     8     (stand) in the centre without leaning towards one side will keep all social positions stable.

    9     (wise), kind-heartedness and courage are the three virtues of the mean way that will keep stable all social relations. Almost everything depends on the adequate behavior of each member of society. Another important aspect     10     (treat) in the Zhongyong is sincerity. It is the root of human behavior, and without sincerity there is no man.

8 . Whom should you marry? Where should you live? How should you spend your time? For centuries, people have relied on their gut instincts (直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is a better way. We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.

There has long been overwhelming- and often surprising- evidence that algorithms (算法) can be much better than people at making difficult decisions. Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at deciding whether a defendant should stay in jail (监狱) or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.

The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball, baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts (物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. In finance, the hedge fund (避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically defeated competitors by seeking out patterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.

These are the early days of the data revolution in decision-making. I am not claiming that we can completely outsource (外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now.

1. What makes people better at finding answers to life-changing questions?

A．People’s better gut instincts.	B．Changed human behavior.
C．The modern information era.	D．Various courses accessible.

2. According to paragraph 2, algorithms might NOT defeat people in ______.

A．court rulings	B．job promotions
C．operative estimation	D．teaching practices

3. What can we learn from paragraph 3?

A．The plot of the movie Moneyball is related to successful data analysis.

B．Scouts and managers are not needed in successful baseball teams.

C．The hedge fund Renaissance Technologies had some financial problems.

D．Tech firms in Silicon Valley mainly relied on data to design websites.

4. Which of the following will the author most probably agree with?

A．The modern information era is mature enough to take advantage of.

B．People should outsource all the lifestyle choices to algorithms.

C．With big data people can learn from countless similar examples.

D．Face-to-face consultation will be the major trend in the future.

9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. How does John feel about Amy’s poetry?

A．It is very classic.

B．It is very romantic.

C．It is very unique.

2. When is the conversation probably taking place?

A．On Monday.

B．On Tuesday.

C．On Thursday.

3. What topic of poetry will the speakers read about this Thursday?

A．Love.

B．Nature.

C．Friendship.

4. Whose works will the speakers read this week?

A．John Keats’.

B．Emily Dickinson’s.

C．William Wordsworth’s.

10 . “The first thing that came to my mind was, ‘They re having a worse night than me,’ and so that’s when I offered to help,” Landry Scott said.

Recognizing how _________it was and realizing he had better _________in his car, Landry approached Randy Head and asked if he needed any assistance (帮助).

Randy, who lived in a tent in a wooded area, _________ the last of the money in his pocket to put air in a young woman’ s spare tire (备胎). He said that there was “nothing amazing about the generous act; it was just “the decent (正当的) thing to do” . He said, “I haven t cured cancer. I’m not Superman. I just _________a tire, I was simply helping out another in _________.”

The 61-year-old said he thought of his daughters when he noticed the female driver get out of her car, and how he hoped someone would _________ them if they were in trouble. Having done hard labor for over 30 years before becoming homeless last year, Randy said he was _________to get his hands dirty once again.

The woman offered him $20 for his help, but Randy politely _________ the money.

Landry _________ the story online, along with two pictures of Randy helping the woman. The post has since been shared nearly 3, 000 times. Strangers who saw Landry’s post reached out to him and __________how they could help, so the next day Landry __________ the homeless man and asked him what he needed.

Randy responded that he wouldn’t mind somewhere to __________from the cold and windy weather. Landry then__________Randy a room at the Red Roof Inn for five nights. Also, Landry has already__________ $2,850 for Randy.

“I m still the __________nobody I was before Monday night,” Randy said.

“But if one positive thing can come out of all of this, I hope to re-establish common decency and common respect because neither of those things is that common anymore.”

1.

A．bright

B．cold

C．dangerous

D．quiet

2.

A．signs

B．gifts

C．suits

D．tools

3.

A．used

B．earned

C．saved

D．lent

4.

A．removed

B．changed

C．carried

D．borrowed

5.

A．charge

B．conflict

C．need

D．silence

6.

A．thank

B．welcome

C．persuade

D．assist

7.

A．surprised

B．delighted

C．embarrassed

D．afraid

8.

A．donated

B．prepared

C．refused

D．collected

9.

A．shared

B．recorded

C．appreciated

D．believed

10.

A．explained

B．imagined

C．asked

D．remembered

11.

A．sent for

B．came across

C．learned from

D．sought out

12.

A．benefit

B．escape

C．hear

D．rise

13.

A．showed

B．sold

C．booked

D．built

14.

A．raised

B．returned

C．lost

D．earned

15.

A．only

B．special

C．secret

D．same