1 . Scientists have uncovered a fast-food eatery (餐馆) in the ancient Roman town of Pompeii. The remains help with the understanding of foods of Pompeii’s citizens.
About 80 such fast-food eateries have been found at Pompeii. But the latest find means this is the first time such a hot-food-drink eatery—known as a thermopolium—has been completely unearthed. Pompeii was destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Part of the fast-food counter was dug up in 2019 during work to shore up Pompeii’s ruins.
Since then, archaeologists (考古学家) have kept digging, uncovering a multi-sided-counter, with typical wide holes on its top, not unlike these for soup containers put into modern-day salad bars. The front of the counter included works of art showing ducks and chickens. The images brightened the eatery and also likely advertised food. Another image of a dog with a rope around its neck may remind people to keep pets tied up.
Early studies confirm “how the painted works represent, at least in part, the foods and drinks effectively sold inside”, said Valeria Amoretti, an anthropologist at Pompeii. Amoretti noted small pieces of duck bones were found in a food container. Remains of goats, pigs, and fish were also found. At the bottom of a wine container were remains of ground fava beans.
Massimo Osanna added, “We know what they were eating that day.” He was talking about the day of Pompeii’s destruction. The food remains are examples of “what’s popular with the common folk”. He added that wealthy Romans did not eat at such street-food businesses. Successful restaurant owners know that a good location is important for business. Osanna noted that right outside the eatery was a small square with a fountain. Another thermopolium was nearby.
1. What can we know about the fast-food eatery?A.It was the only thermopolium at Pompeii. | B.It was dug up by accident at the beginning. |
C.It once was one of the most popular eateries. | D.It was the first hot-food-drink eatery unearthed. |
A.They helped to beautify the countertop area. | B.The volcanic eruption damaged the counter. |
C.They were used to hold containers for hot food. | D.Food could be stored for a longer time with them. |
A.Reminders. | B.Decorations. | C.Records. | D.Advertisements. |
A.The eatery reveals the locals’ dining preference. | B.Ancient Romans liked eating at eateries. |
C.Street-food business was rare in ancient Rome. | D.Food of Pompeii’s citizens was similar to today’s. |
The legendary Sanxingdui Ruins in Southwest China’s Sichuan province, together with the Jinsha Ruins in the provincial capital of Chengdu, will apply
The site was accidentally discovered by a farmer
In October 2019, archaeologists discovered six new sacrificial
China’s Liangzhu Archaeological Site
The site,
The World Heritage Committee added Liangzhu to the UNESCO list
For 4,500 years, the Great Pyramid, or the Pyramid of Khufu,
In that time, it has suffered the indignities(侮辱)of tomb raiders and archaeologists(考古学家)with gunpowder.
“The good news is that the void is there, and the other good news is that this void is very big.”
Now what is it?
“We need the help of other people,” Mehdi Tayoubi, a researcher said. Maybe Egyptologists and
5 . On July 31, 1697, a French lawyer named Jacques Sennacques wrote a message to remind a cousin in the Netherlands to send him a relative’s death certificate. To prevent others from reading the message, the note was carefully folded, or “letter locked.” The technique was used before the invention of envelopes. However, for reasons unknown, the note never reached the recipient and was instead stored in a postmaster’s trunk, where it remained undetected for centuries. Now, a team of international researchers has deciphered (破译) the contents of the over 300-year-old sealed letter — without opening it!
The chain of events leading to this technology began in 2015 when MIT expert Jana Dambrogio got a call from Daniel Starza Smith, a researcher at King’s College London. “He asked me, ‘What would you do if I told you there was a trunk with 600 unopened letters?’”
The trunk had once belonged to 17th-century postmaster Simon de Brienne. Historians believe the post office stored the undelivered letters. That’s because, in the 17th century, it was the recipient, not the sender, who bore the postage cost. When Brienne died in 1707, he donated the trunk of letters to an orphanage. Somehow, the trunk eventually made its way to the postal museum, where it lay until recently.
Since opening the letters would destroy them, Dambrogio and her team decided to develop technology to unseal them virtually. They began by using a high-resolution X-ray scanner to create a detailed three-dimensional image of a sealed letter. While the writing inside showed up very clearly, the numerous layers of folded paper pressed close together caused the words to overlap (重叠).
To solve the issue, the researchers created sophisticated algorithm (算法) capable of deciphering the writing in the cleverly folded letter, crease by crease. The virtual opening allowed the team to read the contents “while preserving letter locking evidence.” The algorithm took almost five years to perfect. Once perfected, they used it to open four locked letters and fully decode(解码) the one from Sennacques.
1. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.Quite a few people could write letters. | B.Envelopes were not invented in 1697. |
C.Jacques Sennacques was a postmaster. | D.Researchers couldn’t figure out the letter. |
A.To get paid. | B.To find the senders. |
C.To save the cost. | D.To scan the letters. |
A.were badly damaged | B.were all decoded |
C.remained very fresh | D.were very fragile |
A.Physically. | B.Chemically. | C.Occasionally. | D.Digitally. |