1 . The sharing economy is an economic model known as a peer-to-peer(P2P)based activity of getting, providing, or sharing goods and services that is often promoted by on-line platforms (平台) It allows persons and groups to make money from the assets (资产) which is not _______ .In a sharing economy, underused assets such as parked cars and spare bedrooms can be _______ when they are not used. In this way, physical assets are shared as _______ .

Concerns about the sharing economy often includes the uncertainty about _______ .While businesses offering rent services are often _______ by local governments, people who don’t have official permission to _______ rent services may not be following these rules or paying the costs. This could mean putting them in a better position that makes it possible for them to ask _______   prices to get a bigger market share.

Another _______ is that lack of watching over businesses will lead to _______ uses of both buyers and sellers in the sharing economy. There have been many cases ________ known to the public like hidden cameras in rented rooms, lawsuits (诉讼)over ________ treatment of ridesharing drivers by the platforms ________ employ them, and even murders of customers by real or ________ ridesharing providers.

There is also a fear that lots of information shared on online platforms can create racial or sex bias (偏见) among users. This can happen when users are allowed to ________ who they will share their homes or cars with, or because of the database of users with poor credit history or bad behaviour ________ .

1.

A．in danger

B．in use

C．in order

D．in hand

2.

A．taken out

B．picked out

C．rented out

D．sold out

3.

A．services

B．supplies

C．gifts

D．goals

4.

A．values

B．customers

C．markets

D．rules

5.

A．managed

B．punished

C．provided

D．judged

6.

A．offer

B．order

C．accept

D．stop

7.

A．higher

B．lower

C．full

D．right

8.

A．case

B．opinion

C．topic

D．concern

9.

A．impolite

B．impatient

C．improper

D．impossible

10.

A．highly

B．widely

C．narrowly

D．deeply

11.

A．official

B．special

C．unfair

D．equal

12.

A．which

B．who

C．where

D．when

13.

A．formal

B．unique

C．dishonest

D．specific

14.

A．cheat

B．choose

C．impress

D．recognize

15.

A．errors

B．styles

C．details

D．records

2 . As part of Africa’s COVID-19 recovery strategy, it should invest (投资) in its young people and in digital technology resources, which experts’ said would offer a solution for unlocking a new era of intra-African (非洲内部的) trade and growth.

According to the United Nations, Africa has the youngest population in the world, with 70 percent of people in sub-Saharan Africa being younger than 30.

The UN recognizes the continent’s young people as critical to the success of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement, which took effect at the beginning of last year, and has called for their involvement in policy making and implementation.

The African Export-Import Bank, also known as Afreximbank, likewise called on Tuesday for an increase in intra-African trade and financing, with the continent’s young people and technology resources playing important roles.

Benedict Oramah, president and chairman of Afreximbank, said industrial revolutions seen in other countries were largely owed to a young and capable workforce.

“It is our view that the youth will be the catalytic force of the development of Africa. This asset (资本) in our hands is perhaps the greatest resource, an asset much more valuable than all the oil and mineral resources,” Oramah said in speech at the ongoing 29th Annual Meetings of Afreximbank in Cairo, Egypt.

“The African youth are beginning to make significant contributions to economic transformation across the continent,” he added.

Oramah said Africa should turn to its own resources, driving investment and development by leveraging Africa’s human capital and technological potential, in order to accelerate intra-African trade and commerce.

Young people are ready to make giant progress in a single continental market and could become the drivers of the continent’s integration and intra-African trade, Oramah said.

1. What does the United Nations think of young people in Africa?

A．They need to invest more money in technology.

B．They are too young to shoulder the responsilities.

C．They should get involved in policy making in Africa.

D．Their success should be recognized by the government.

2. What is important to the increase in intra-African trade according to Oramah?

A．Oil and mineral resources.	B．Youth and technology resources.
C．Investment from other countries	D．Better policies of the UN.

3. What does the underlined word “catalytic” in paragraph 6 mean?

A．Last.

B．Traditional.

C．Expensive.

D．Promoting.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Young People Seen as Key to Africa’s Growth	B．Great Progress Made in African Economy
C．UN’s New Policies on Developing Africa	D．Afreximbank’s Contributions to Africa

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Xiamen Trading Delegation,     1     consists of 372 companies and units with over 1,500 people, participated in the     2    (five) China International Import Expo (CIIE), which kicked off in Shanghai     3     Nov 4.

The delegation aims to promote Xiamen’s business environment by attending various activities such as     4    (purchase) meetings, economic and trade talks, and contract signings at this     5    (year) CIIE.

The Xiamen Trading Delegation signed agreements for nine projects at     6     signing ceremony held on Nov 5, which include fields such as medical     7     health care, cross-border e-commerce, service trade, and manufacturing.

This is the fifth year that Xiamen     8    (attend) the annual CIIE, and the city expects     9    (close) more deals, as well as explore     10    (many) investment attraction channels at the event, according to an official from the Xiamen municipal bureau of commerce.

4 . The music industry is highly competitive. It requires you to improve your musical skills continuously for a higher level of artistry.     1    . Being a musician also requires the ability to think in business terms—you must know how to get your music out to the public in cost-effective ways. This means developing and adopting an effective marketing strategy.

    2    . Normally, a person or business looks at what a particular type of customer wants and then figures out what products or services meet the needs of those customers. In this regard, it is the customer that determines what is to be sold. With music marketing, just the opposite is true.     3    . Music marketing strategies thus must match a musician’s music with an audience.

Music marketing strategies involve one or more marketing techniques. Examples include giving free promotional (促销的) singles, putting advertisements on different media, and getting email addresses at concerts so audience members can get updates about the artist.     4    , but a good marketing strategy in music always uses the techniques familiar to the matching audience.

In many cases, music marketing strategies are limited by the artist’s funds. Many beginning artists don’t have the money to promote their work heavily and have to rely on techniques that are free or low-cost.     5    . Once the agency (中介处) gets behind the artist, the musician has access to the agency’s resources for marketing purposes. Agencies are more than willing to provide these resources and develop a marketing strategy, because a good strategy translates into profit for the agency.

A．The artist already has a product ready to go

B．Music marketing strategies differ from regular ones

C．Musical talent alone, however, is not necessarily enough

D．No two musicians have to use the same techniques when marketing

E．An artist doesn’t need to promote all of his/her songs at the same time

F．That’s why most beginning artists dream of being “discovered” by an agency

G．Technology makes it cheaper and easier for artists to promote their work themselves

5 . Understanding the Rise of Tech in China

By Dagny Dukach (有删改)

How should global business leaders deal with the rapid rise of technology in China? Some observers in the West have taken a zero-sum (零和的), us-versus-them (对抗的) approach, but others view the Chinese tech industry’s growth more optimistically, arguing that the development of new technologies anywhere can benefit people everywhere.

The journalist Lulu Chen’s Influence Empire: The Story of Tencent and China’s Tech Ambition takes us behind the curtain to share the story of CEO Pony Ma, who rose from little beginnings to head a global behemoth (巨头). Chen describes a shy programmer, nervous about talking in front of crowds but driven to spend innumerable sleepless nights striving to overcome every difficult on the path to success. The speed and scope of Tencent’s growth since its founding, in 1998, can be difficult to comprehend (理解) but doesn’t Chen. He tell us that the west has no monopoly (专利) on inspirational businessman.

The financial researcher Martin Chorzempa examines that it is a big challenge for the United States and other liberal countries to copy China’s rapid growth in this field because Chinese social values and political system.

The corporate strategist (企业战略家) Handel Jones draws on his four decades of experience in tech and defense to paint a similar picture regarding artificial intelligence in When AI Rules the World: China, the U. S. , and the Race to Control a Smart Planet. He argues that its unique regulatory (监管) and economic context (背景) has enabled China to far surpass the West in AI applications as wide-ranging as health care, virtual reality, and self-driving cars. “China,” he writes, “with its longer-term goals and ability to turn those goals into reality, had a distinct advantage over a system driven only by market forces.”

1. According to paragraph one, which describing is right?

A．all the west observers regard the rise of Tech in China as a bad thing.

B．Global business leaders think Chinese Tech rise too quickly to catch up.

C．Maybe some observers in the West think if Chinese Tech rise too quickly, others’ must get lower.

D．the development of new technologies anywhere can benefit people everywhere.

2. Maybe The journalist Lulu Chen believe: __________

A．CEO Pony Ma is a shy man

B．CEO Pony Ma is a great inspirational businessman

C．CEO Pony Ma can’t be copy because he is a great inspirational businessman.

D．CEO Pony Ma has no difficult in developing his company.

3. According to the passage, which is not the reason why China gets the rise of Tech.

A．Some observers in the West have taken a zero-sum, us-versus-them approach.

B．China has the same inspirational businessman as the west countries.

C．China has unique regulatory (监管) and economic context (背景).

D．China has a distinct (明显的) advantage over a system driven only by market forces.

4. What attitude do the author holds toward the rise of Tech in China?

A．positive

B．indifferent

C．suspicious

D．negative

6 . 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

The G20 summit is an annual gathering of the leaders of the world’s     1    (large) and fastest-growing economies,     2     represent 60 percent of the world population, 80 percent of global GDP and 75 percent of global exports. The summit is the largest gathering of leaders since 2019. Russian President Vladimir Putin is the only G20 leader who hasn’t presented     3    (he).

7 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

With a unique civilization     1    (date) back over 5, 000 years, China has always been a place of special fascination for foreigners. In the past decades, interest in the rapidly developing nation    2    (grow) quickly. Foreigners have been coming to China not just for travel    3    for study, work, investment or cultural exchanges. Some find success in their careers and actively make contributions to China’s sustainable development.

“There are lots of things that we benefited from by     4    (simple) being here in China,” said Jay Thornhill,     5    Australian-American who co-founded one online shopping platform based in Shanghai. “When you combine a huge well-educated and hardworking population with the ability to manufacture and build just about anything that    6    (exist) in the world, you get a very productive business environment. ”

Having foreigners working and living in China achieves more than just economic benefits. It can be a cultural contribution     7     builds a bridge of mutual understanding and friendship between individuals and nations.

In Thornhill’s eyes, China provides a welcoming and accommodating environment for foreigners     8    (follow) their dreams. “The Chinese people are tolerant of language and cultural barriers and usually approach these differences with curiosity rather than     9    (judge), ” he said.

In ancient times, the Venetian merchant Marco Polo’s book fascinated many. Today China’s rapid growth and     10    (it) favorable environment and the expatriates’ exciting stories have stimulated foreigners’ interest in the nation.

8 . Manufacturing (批量生产) is a one-way business. Raw materials go into a factory and finished products come out. Once those goods are sold, producers usually wash their hands of them. They normally don’t worry about how the products are disposed of (处理). Most are burnt or rot in landfill. In only 50 years the world’s consumption of raw materials has nearly increased to more than 100 billion tonnes according to the latest Circularity Gap Report from the World Economic Forum. Less than 9% of this is reused. Industry does talk about sustainability and recycling, but much of that is greenwashing intended to improve brand images.

Every car-making country wants gigafactories (超级工厂) that produce batteries for electric vehicles (EVS), which is profitable. Batteries contain valuable but expensive materials that are hard to get. Supply chains are long and complex. Recycling makes sense.

Most gigafactories are designed with recycling in mind from the start. The result is a circular (循环的) production process. The idea is that once batteries reach the ends of their lives, they should go back to a factory, where they can be used again.

Northvolt, a Swedish battery-maker, aims by 2030 to produce batteries enough to power some 2 million EVS from the three gigafacotries. By then, around half its raw materials should come from recycling old batteries. Using recycling and renewable power, CATL, a Chinese EV batteries firm, similarly, thinks it should eventually be possible to shrink the carbon footprint of a battery towards zero.

Carmakers such as the Renault Group and Stellantis, owner of brands that include Chrysler and Peugeot are both setting up circular-economy businesses, not just for batteries, but also for repairing and reconditioning parts and vehicles. Each of these operations will, bosses hope, have annual income of more than 2 billion dollars by the end of the decade.

1. Which of the following statements is right?

A．Circular economy is a one-way business.

B．Recycling is an important part of manufacturing.

C．Greenwashing helps improve recycling of raw materials.

D．Peugeot is setting up circular-economy businesses.

2. By mentioning Northvolt and CATL, the author means to show that ______.

A．Gigafactories are making some progress in recycling.

B．Northvolt is building 3 gigafactories to power some 2 million EVS.

C．Northvolt set up circular-economy businesses to make money.

D．CATL has cut down the carbon footprint to zero.

3. What does the underlined word “operations” refer to?

A．The Chinese firm is producing EV batteries.

B．Carmakers such as the Renault Group and Stellates.

C．Repairing and reconditioning parts and vehicles.

D．World Economic Forum’s making Circularity Gap Report.

4. Which is the most suitable title for the text?

A．Gigafactories and Carmakers	B．One-way Business
C．Battery Producing	D．Circular Economy

9 . Birth rates often fall during hard times, but the covid-19 pandemic was no ordinary difficult times. On the one hand, people might hesitate to bear children during such a challenge; on the other, the opportunity to work from home makes parenting much easier. During the dark days, no one knew which of these effects would be greater.

According to the data from an American survey, covid did lead to a small decrease in birth rates. Birth counts fell from 3.75 million in 2019 to 3.67 million in 2021. However, a new study by Martha Bailey, Janet Currie and Hannes Schwandt reaches the surprising conclusion that despite apparent decline, birth rates among women born in America actually rose during the pandemic.

The clue that data on total births might be misleading was the timing of the drop. Birth counts fell in early 2020, but most babies conceived (被怀上) after covid struck America in March 2020 would have been due in 2021. The study suggests that what changed in 2020 was not whether women gave birth, but where.

In 2019, 23% of newborns in America had foreign-born mothers (外籍母亲). Breaking down the data on pandemic-era births by mothers’ origin, the researchers found a striking difference: foreign-born women give birth to 91,000 fewer babies than pre-pandemic-era, whereas native-born ones had 46,000 more.

The study did not assess how much of the fall is from fewer foreign-born women entering the country and then giving birth, and how much from immigrants already in America deciding to leave. But given that America closed its borders for non-essential travel in 2020, a reduction in new arrivals-including those who visit briefly to have an American-citizen child, and then leave-seems more likely.

The researchers figured that the shift to remote work explained much of native-born women’s rise in birth-rate. The increase was most marked (明显的) among the college-educated, who are more likely to be able to work from home, in a country without any paid maternity-leave (产假) or child-care subsidy (补贴).

1. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．The data on all America-born babies might be misleading.

B．More babies would have been born in 2021 in America.

C．There is paid maternity-leave in America.

D．Birth counts did fall in 2021 in America.

2. Which of the following might not be the factor that led to the fall of births?

A．Some foreign-born women could not enter America and gave birth.

B．Some immigrants living in America decided to leave for their homeland.

C．Some women hesitate to give birth during hard times.

D．Some native American women were unwilling to give birth.

3. How did the researchers come to the surprising conclusion?

A．By grouping the mothers based on their origins.

B．By researching into the mothers’ education level.

C．By looking at the data of birth rates from 2007 to 2019.

D．By studying the American mothers’ working place.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．Previous research data on birth rates was not accurate.

B．Birth rates fell in America during the pandemic for many reasons.

C．Pandemic-era birth rates among America-born mothers rose.

D．Covid-19 has greatly affected the place American women give birth.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Annual reports and lists show that psychology, comics about history, and works of literature were the most popular book categories among Chinese readers in 2021. For months, the Chinese book market has been experiencing     1     (challenge).

Sales of online books had been growing by more than 20 percent     2     (annual) over the previous 10 years before 2020 as online platforms and online shoppers grew.     3    , as the customer base stabilized, online book sales grew by only 1 percent in 2021 year-on-year.

Book sales in bookshops in 2021 grew by a little over 4 percent,     4     (drive) largely by books related to the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, but still dropped by more than 31 percent compared with 2019, according to Beijing OpenBook.

What is promising is that among     5     top 100 best-selling fiction works published in 2021, 63 were online literary works, Beijing OpenBook’s statistics show.

Shen Yu, a former book editor based in Shanghai,     6     has observed the industry for more than 10 years, says more people read online literature, which is usually     7     (entertain) but lacks depth.

Despite the fast     8     (grow) of online literature, the leading seats on the best-selling list are still taken by classic books. Among the 100 best-selling fictional works, twelve     9     (publish) in 2021, mainly new works by established writers, the new editions of classic books and online youth fiction.

“Every spring is different. We must keep our curiosity to ask more questions, which will bring us to     10     (far) places,” a writer said at the reading ceremony.