2 . Tipping customs differ from country to country. You need to know how to tip in the country that you're in when you travel; or you'll leave servers annoyed everywhere you go. Here are just a few guidelines to tipping in different countries.

Dubai

In Dubai it's a rule for restaurants to charge 10% tip on all restaurant and bar bills You can add a couple of dirhams (迪拉姆，货币单位)to this if you feel like it. Waiters are not paid very much in Dubai, so it is always very appreciated.

Brazil

There will always be a standard 10% service charge added to your bill, and you won't necessarily have to tip. If you do feel like being generous, an extra 5-10% will really make your server very happy. Just remember to do this as skillfully as possible - Brazilians don't make a big show of this.

Czech Republic

While locals in the Czech Republic don't leave tips, that doesn't mean you're off the hook. Foreign tourists are definitely expected to leave some kind of tip for service - as long as you're in a high tourist traffic area, like Prague for instance. The standard tip is 10%.

India

Here it is often considered appropriate for a tourist to tip your server 5-10%. You have to adjust that number by yourself though. This is how the rules go in this country. If the bill is for a small meal and totals less than 300 rupees,tip the full 10％.If the bill is higher, tip towards the 5％．

1. In which country is it OK if you don’t give a tip?

A．Dubai．

B．Czech Republic．

C．Brazil．

D．India．

2. In India，the amount of tip mainly depends on________.

A．The size and environment of the restaurant．	B．The service that you have received．
C．The rules that the restaurants make．	D．The size of the meal you are eating is．

3. In which section of a website can you probably find the passage?

A．News．

B．Culture．

C．Sports．

D．Entertainment

3 . What did the man volunteer to do?

A．Do gardening.

B．Collect stamps.

C．Protect the plants.

4 . Housing is always an important concern, and things were no different back in Canada’s early days. The native population had several answers to the housing problem.
The igloo if a house built of ice or snow and is still in use today in more primitive areas of Canada’s north. The Inuit people find them the best type of housing, especially when away from home on hunting or fishing trips.The igloos used o such trips are smaller and only temporary homes to be used for a few nights at most. Igloos are dome shaped（圆顶形的）and made of blocks of ice or snow.First a hole is dug out in the snow and this forms the lower part of the igloo.Then the blocks of ice or snow are built in a slope inwards and upwards from this base.Often a short tunnel leads to the door.This prevents the cold winds and snow blowing into the structure.
Tipis（or tepees）are the conical（圆锥形的）tents used by the majority of native People
across America.Some Canadian aboriginal people still prefer them to other types of housing. These structures are formed by a frame of poles covered with, usually, either buffalo hide（水牛皮）or birch bark（桦树皮）.A hole at the top lets out the smoke from the cooking fires. Native people mostly travel from place to place, following their food supple across the countryside. Tepees are easy to take down, carry and put up at the next stopping place.
Another type of house iS the long house.This is exactly what the name suggests-a long narrow building that could house ten to twenty families.Built of poles covered with hides, the houses are common to the Iroquois people of Ontario and New York.These structures are also on the west coast by the Squeamish Indians.They are usually occupied by an exended family and divided into individual rooms,each with its own cooking fire.They are decorated with totem emblems （图腾标志）and a totem pole by the front door tells the history of the family.
1. Which of the following pictures matches with the igloo?

A．	B．
C．	D．

2. The short tunnel leading to the door of an igloo is used to__________.

A．catch the animals	B．decorate the igloo
C．fasten the igloo	D．keep the igloo warm

3. Which of the following about a Tipi is NOT true？

A．It has a hole at the top.

B．It is made of poles covered with hides.

C．lt can be easily carried everywhere.

D．It has a firm base made of ice.

4. The underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refers to "________".

A．Squeamish Indians	B．Long houses
C．Families	D．Individual rooms

5. Where can we most probably read this passage?

A．In a medical journal.	B．In a science report.
C．In a culture magazine.	D．In a biology textbook.