1 . If you’re looking for more than just a great travel destination, and interested in attending a world-famous festival while you’re on holiday, the following list can be helpful.
Burning Man, Nevada, United States
The week-long annual festival takes place in the middle of the desert. It lasts from the last Monday in August to the first Monday in September. The main event is burning a large wooden statue. It has no single purpose, but calls for participants to express themselves, and supports community, art, self-expression, self-reliance, communal effort and so on. Gift giving between participants is also a key principle of the festival.
Tomorrowland, Boom, Belgium
Tomorrowland is the largest annual electronic music festival in the world. Starting in 2005, it quickly became one of the most important music festivals in the world with hundreds of thousands of visitors. The festival is just several days long and takes place during July or August.
San Fermin, Pamplona, Spain
The San Fermin festival is held every year from noon of July 6 till midnight of July 14. The most famous event is the encierro (斗牛), or the running of the bulls, which starts at 8:00 every day of the festival. More than a million people from the world attend the festival every year.
Oktoberfest, Munich, Germany
The largest funfair in the world spans for 16 days starting from late September every year. The world-famous festival has been around since early 19th century. It is held in Theresienwiese in central Munich and is best known for the massive amount of beer that is served to the attendees. Millions of liters of beer are served, and they go along great with the German sausage Weisswurst and other local foods.
1. In which festival do people attach importance to giving gifts?A.Burning Man. | B.Tomorrowland. | C.San Fermin. | D.Oktoberfest. |
A.They have a long history. | B.There are sports and beer. |
C.They are world famous. | D.They take place in spring. |
A.Health. | B.Travelling. | C.Sports. | D.Art. |
1.该食物的文化或历史;
2.该食物的材料、外观、味道;
3.你喜欢该食物的原因。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They are occasions
4 . Cultural differences do exist, and we can really use them to tighten our relationship as human beings. Because there is strength in diversity. So, we are going to expose some interesting cultural differences around the world in this article. Read some interesting cultures around the world to help you travel out of your homeland!
In Greece spitting (吐痰) at weddings is believed to drive away devil (恶魔). Funny as it sounds, this cultural tradition is an important practice. To make it even more shocking, this spitting is focused on the bride. It is seen as good luck to bless the couple. However, Things have been changed in some parts of Greece these days. Wedding guests just face the bride and make sounds and impressions that show they are spitting on her—without actually spitting.
Everybody knows the Thai people are so friendly, but their culture demands that you never point your feet at anyone of any statue, especially that of the Buddha. In addition, they also consider the head to be more important than other parts of the body. This is why it is disrespectful to touch another person’s head in Thailand. Statues are not left out. If you see the Buddha statue, avoid touching its head as well.
Russians are very hospitable (好客的) people. In their culture food is serious business. Lunch is the most important and heaviest meal. If you get invited by your Russian friend for a meal, don’t ever refuse it-they find it impolite. You might want to skip your own meals to leave space in your stomach for the food you will eat in Russian gatherings. This is very interesting cultural difference between Russian people and other nations.
Since there is limited knowledge about cultures outside your own, you won’t be able to really flow with a foreigner. Now, you know some about the cultural differences around the world, so we hope it will make your life easier.
1. Why do Greek spit at wedding?A.To add fun to the wedding. | B.To send wishes to the couple. |
C.To celebrate the new wedding. | D.To drive away bad luck and bless the couple. |
A.Eating too much food for a meal. | B.Touching your head in your home. |
C.Pointing your feet before the Buddha. | D.Spiting in your best friend's wedding. |
A.We should accept their meals in Russia. |
B.We need to eat as little as we can in Russia. |
C.We can refuse the food Russian people give. |
D.We should not arrive late for a meal in Russia. |
A.Beautiful tourist attractions in the world |
B.The most delicious food in different countries |
C.Interesting wedding traditions in Asian nations |
D.Surprising cultural differences around the world |
5 . Traveling to China is the dream of many people but it is important to be aware that the Chinese culture is different from Western cultures. So before arriving in China, make sure that you understand the Chinese traditions.
The eldest comes first
In China, it is a big deal to respect the eldest one in the family. The Chinese have a great respect for their parents and grandparents. So if you are introduced to someone in a place full of people, always address the oldest person first, and do the same when you are leaving.
The host pays the bill
If you are invited to a restaurant by your Chinese friends, be prepared to eat and drink for free. And if you invite them, also be ready to pay all the bill on your own. And it is not polite if you don’t offer to pay it in full if you are the host.
Be aware of the chopsticks rules
Believe it or not, there are several traditions and rules involving chopsticks in China. So never stick them straight up to your rice, never drum (敲打) them, or have them in your hands while making a gesture.
Check if your gift isn’t on the bad-luck list
If you are offering a gift to a Chinese friend, be aware that there are many items considered to bring bad luck to them, such as clocks, umbrellas, scissors and knives. Presents should be given with both hands and never be wrapped in white.
1. Who is the most respected in social life in China?A.A millionaire. | B.A senior citizen. |
C.A wise man. | D.A powerful leader. |
A.Making a gesture by using chopsticks. |
B.Opening the gift as soon as you receive it. |
C.Offering to pay the meal in full if you are the host. |
D.Paying for the bill when you are invited to a dinner. |
A.Restaurant staff. | B.The assistants in the gift stores. |
C.The hosts of a party. | D.Exchange students to China. |
6 . One thing that sets humans apart from other members of the animal kingdom is our tendency to develop customs and traditions. Here are some astonishing customs from around the world.
An odd custom associated with the United States is its complicated tipping culture. Unlike many other countries that don’t tip at all or that only tip in small amounts when the food is particularly good, tipping is actually mandatory at most restaurants in the US. To put it another way, customers have a duty to leave between 10-20 percent of the bill in tips. Wait staff rely on these tips for a living because legal wages for waiters are low. Furthermore, there are rules for tipping bartenders, delivery people and other service personnel. While some criticize this practice as irrational, there’s no doubt that tipping culture in the US gives an incentive for waiters and waitresses to provide better service.
Some countries find the act of pointing with the index finger to be rude. While members of most cultures would probably agree that pointing fingers, both literally and figuratively, isn’t exactly the nicest thing in the world, in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia, this gesture can be seen as incredibly offensive. Instead, it is customary to gesture towards things with the thumb as this is seen as a more polite option. In many countries in Africa, pointing is reserved for inanimate objects only, not people.
Most societies around the world have rules about table manners. For western cultures, noisily consuming food is considered rude. In Japan, however, making slurping(啧啧响的)sounds while eating has an entirely different meaning. This might have something to do with the fact that in western countries, noodles are properly consumed by twirling(缠绕)them on a spoon before putting them in the mouth. Meanwhile, the Japanese simply slurp up their noodles without contorting them first, an act that is naturally noisier than the former. Making slurping sounds when eating noodles in Japan is a way of indicating that you’re rely enjoying them. Some scientists even argue slurping invites air into the mouth and actually enhances the noodles’ flavor.
1. What does the underlined word “mandatory” in paragraph2 probably mean?A.Required by tradition. | B.Highly spoken of. |
C.Changeable over time. | D.Popular among people. |
A.It is totally unreasonable. | B.It must follow a fixed standard. |
C.It can improve the quality of service. | D.It should only target waiters and waitresses. |
A.Skipping tipping in the USA. | B.Twirling noodles on a spoon in Africa. |
C.Pointing with the index finger in Indonesia. | D.Making sounds while eating noodles in Japan. |
A.A research paper. | B.A travel brochure. |
C.An online advertisement. | D.A popular magazine. |
There is no question that afternoon tea is popular in Britain. And it has
The custom of afternoon tea
Basic afternoon tea includes finger sandwiches, scones (司康饼) and cakes on a plate, all washed down by a pot of tea set in either a lovely garden
“In recent years, we have seen chefs getting more adventurous with their afternoon tea menus. Most still stick to the
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox(春分), as the fourth term of the year starts on March 20
The Spring Equinox signals the equal
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that
The Spring Equinox is
9 . Our culture is the system we use to build our identity. All living things are part of a culture. Even animals have a culture! So what is culture? It's the way we behave in a group. It begins with each individual family. Within our families we do things to build relationships with each other. This can include routines like daily housework and weekly shopping. It also includes traditions. Traditions are activities that are repeated on a regular basis.
Culture is not limited to individual family groups. The real strength of culture is in larger community groups. These larger groups are called societies. Every society makes rules for itself. It decides how people should act in different situations. Some of these rules are written down. Some are just things that are naturally expected of all members of that society.
Often, cultures can be recognized by what the people believe. Cultures are also known by what they choose to include in their art. Sometimes cultures may be formed by people who speak the same language. Cultures may also be known for their customs, including the foods they make and the things they do.
Our cultures help us understand who we are and what we believe. There are very strong feelings connecting us to our own society. Two different cultures may disagree on something, especially if they both feel strongly about it. When that happens, war is a common result.
People are learning better ways to communicate with each other. The more we communicate, the more we appreciate the differences in cultures.
1. Where does the real strength of culture?A.In arts. | B.In families. | C.In societies. | D.In languages. |
A.Culture is the way we behave. | B.Culture doesn't exist in animals. |
C.Cultures may not agree with each other. | D.Cultures help us understand ourselves. |
A.By communicating. | B.By preparing to fight. |
C.By building a wall. | D.By making friends. |
A.What Is Culture? | B.What Is Society? | C.What Is Tradition? | D.What Is System |
10 . On a summer day in the remote Transylvanian village of Micasasa, Romanian architect Eugen Vaida is busy organizing a team of volunteers to help breathe new life into a centuries-old castle on the edge of ruin. "It's in a state of damage and it's a symbol of national importance," said Vaida, who launched the Ambulance for Monuments project.
The Ambulance for Monuments has a simple task: to race around the country, giving care to as many historical buildings as possible that are in a state of damage before it's too late. Since it was launched, Ambulance for Monuments has rescued 55 historical structures, including ancient churches,historic walls and ancient UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Situated in a broad valley at the foot of the Carpathian Mountain, the 16th-century Brukenthal Castle is one such endangered building being rescued by the project. The old castle remained unnoticed for more than two decades. Its roof is leaking and its wood is rotting(腐烂). It is in serious need of attention. "It probably would have reached a stage where it could barely be saved. It would have become a ruin you cannot build again," Vaida said, "heritage is not renewable."
The project is supported by dozen of volunteer who are playing an important role in preserving Romania's past. Young people are starting to get more aware of their cultural identity. One person directly involved in the efforts to save the endangered building from ruin is 30-year-old Timotei Pacurar. For him, saving the Brukenthal Castle holds a great significance. "When I started school, I was here in this room, in the first class—we have a lot of good memories here," Pacurar said, "I was disappointed to see that the building almost fell down. The future is in our hands, and we can change things. We can make this building look good again—like a treasure for our community."
Rescuing as much of Romania's architectural heritage is Vaida's chief aim. "Over the next five years, the plan is to expand over the whole country," he said, "every Romanian should at some point come to put a brick or a nail on a roof to save their own endangered buildings."
1. What is the mission of the Ambulance for Monuments project?A.To build new Romanian castles. |
B.To remove ruins of ancient buildings. |
C.To attract people to visit heritages. |
D.To restore damaged old buildings. |
A.Prejudiced. | B.Positive. | C.Doubtful. | D.Unconcerned. |
A.Because it witnessed the beginning of his education. |
B.Because it stored some treasures at the bottom. |
C.Because it is a UNESCO World Heritage site. |
D.Because it reminds him of the importance of the community. |
A.Historic Buildings Are Threatened. |
B.Romania Races to Save Its Past. |
C.Heritage Is Our Cultural Identity. |
D.Ancient Buildings Are National Symbols. |