1 . Imagine two applicants are in a job interview: one expresses a great passion for the work, while the other points to family encouragement to pursue that field. Which applicant has a better chance of succeeding? Conventional wisdom suggests it would be the one who has a strong personal passion.
Passion is not a universally powerful basis of achievement, but the culture a person grew up in matters a lot. That means universities and companies that frequently rely on passion in candidates are pretermitting talented students and employees.
It seems that passion is a much stronger predictor of achievement in certain societies than others. “This leads to a blind spot among interviewers and is unfair to people from diverse backgrounds,” said Xingyu Li, the lead author of a new study. As a person coming from a collectivist (集体主义的) society, he knows exactly how people feel when they are rejected just because they are seemingly not as passionate as others. This research is novel for its using big data to compare a wider range of culturally diverse societies.
The researchers collected the data including scores from 1.2 million high school students across 59 countries. They found those who felt passionate about science, reading, or other subjects were more likely to be given better scores. This is quite true in individualist societies such as the United States and Australia, compared with collectivist countries such as China, Thailand, and Colombia, where the students felt that having family support for their interest was important.
Individualist countries regard the self as the source of motivation. For example, in the United States, doing well because of what others expect might seem to be evidence of a lack of potential. In collectivist societies, the self is inter-dependent, part of a web of relations, roles, and responsibilities. For instance, in the movie The Grandmaster, the legendary martial arts teacher Ip Man never said that he had a personal passion for kung fu. Rather, his drive to attain mastery came from the desire to live up to what his belt symbolized to his teacher and society.
The findings open up the possibility of designing educational interventions that don’t rely only on the western idea of cultivating (培育) passion. That helps better unlock the potential of our students and workforce.
1. Who is more likely to succeed in a job interview according to most employers?A.Those who have a web of relations. | B.Those who are familiar with the company. |
C.Those who gain much family encouragement. | D.Those who have great enthusiasm for the position. |
A.Neglecting. | B.Harvesting. | C.Exploring. | D.Defending. |
A.To clarify the link between students’ passion and academic performance. |
B.To encourage people to learn the cultures of different countries. |
C.To win people from different cultural contexts more chances of admission |
D.To show the importance of big data in culture-related studies at particular. |
A.An American. | B.A Colombian. | C.An Australian. | D.A Canadian. |
A.The model of motivation varies from culture to culture. |
B.The negative effects of societal expectations on individuals. |
C.The role of self-realization matters in a person’s success and well-being. |
D.The typical personality types in individualist countries and collectivist ones. |
2 . To remind people of those Chinese poems and to promote cultural heritage, China Central Television (CCTV) has produced a TV show-Chinese Poetry Competition. The final of the hit show’s second season was shown on Feb7.
Wu Yishu, 16, who studies at the High School attached to Fudan University in Shanghai, came out on top. “I really admire her knowledge of poems”, said Huang Zijin, 16, a senior 2 student from Ningbo High School in Zhejiang province. “The first time I saw her wearing traditional Han clothing on TV, I was very impressed by her classical looks. She fulfills all my fantasies for classic Chinese women’s talents. What’s more, she always appears especially calm throughout the show, which is very unusual for her age. ”
“Learning poems isn’t about winning or losing. The power of poetry lies in shaping ơne’s view of life and developing one’s inner world,” said Li Bo, an expert at the Chinese Poetry Competition’s second season.
When it comes to teaching people about poetry, Li Dingguang, the show’s academic advisor, suggested that teachers should explain more about the beauty of the poetry from both the aesthetie (审美的) and emotional sides, and guide the student to lose themselves in the poems’ rhythmic and rhyming lines.
“Although the proportion (比例) of ancient Chinese poems in the textbooks of primary ant secondary schools has increased, many students still learn them for exams,” Li Dingguang told China. org. cn. “Therefore, it’s important to help students truly appreciate the artistry and fun of poetry.”
1. China Central Television (CCTV) HOSTS Chinese Poetry Competition aiming at_______.A.enriching Chinese history and literature | B.learning poems from ancient people |
C.giving people a chance to compete | D.spreading Chinese traditional culture |
A.Her rich knowledge of poems | B.Her wearing traditional Han clothing |
C.Her rich knowledge of poems and calmness | D.Her classical looks |
A.To get good marks in examination | B.To help build up their inner world. |
C.To win the Chinese Poetry Competition | D.To appreciate the beauty of rhythm and rhyme. |
A.doubtful | B.supportive | C.critical | D.causal |
A.Few Chinese learn poems just for exams. |
B.Most Chinese learn poems just for exams. |
C.Poems are now learned by more and more Chinese. |
D.Not all the students are truly appreciating and learning poems. |
3 . The minutes leading up to a vacation are often an exciting time. As people check their homes and pack the last items into their suitcases, they often dream about the fun times that lie ahead. In Russia, however, there is one final step that people take to ensure a good trip. Before they walk out the door, Russians take a brief pause and silently sit on their suitcases for a few moments.
“Sidet’na chemodanakh” or “sitting on suitcases” is an ancient custom that will be a familiar ritual to anyone who grew up in Russia, or any migrant family that obeyed motherland customs. This unusual ritual started hundreds of years ago. In the years before Christianity, Russians believed that good and evil spirits lived inside their homes. They thought that the key to living a good life was to keep these spirits happy at all costs. If a person rushed out of his or her home before a trip, there was a good chance they would forget something. When that person returned a few minutes later to get it, they would disturb the evil spirits in the home. In response, the spirits might follow them out the door and accompany them on their trip. Since the spirits were offended by the person, they would bring them bad luck and possibly cause them harm.
Although many years have passed since suitcase sitting began, the practice continues to this day. As the Soviet Empire grew during the Cold War, suitcase sitting even spread throughout Eastern Europe. Although it is rooted in superstition (迷信), suitcase sitting is actually quite practical. It can prevent people from forgetting passports, plane tickets, or other items that are needed during trip. In addition, it also provides a brief moment of relaxation that can help get a journey started on the right foot. Besides that, if someone has packed too many clothes, suitcase sitting can help get it zipped up.
1. What is this passage mainly about?A.A spirit that might annoy anyone living in Russia. |
B.A popular vacation spot in ancient Russia. |
C.An old tradition that is based on scientific research. |
D.A habit meant to bring good luck to travelers. |
A.Right | B.Justice | C.Tradition | D.Characteristic |
A.To test the strength of their suitcases. |
B.To keep spirits from following them. |
C.To invite good spirits to come on vacation. |
D.To ask spirits to protect their homes. |
A.It spread superstition across the world. |
B.It is practiced outside of Russia as well. |
C.It started in Russia many years ago. |
D.It is not based on Christian ideas. |
A.It’s an old practice that should be forgotten. |
B.It is necessary for travelers’ right foot. |
C.It makes people stressed out before a trip. |
D.It has benefits that everyone can experience |
1. 写信目的;
2. 出发及返回时间;
3. 活动:包饺子、表演节目,打扫卫生等。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
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(1)表示愿意帮忙;
(2)告知选择唐诗为演讲主题;介绍演讲要点:唐诗千年来的历史与发展,唐诗的常见题材、著名诗人、经典作品,以及如何通过学习唐诗了解中国文化,等等;
(3)请对方对此计划提出意见或建议。
注意:
1. 词数100以上;
2. 建议适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
提示:一种中国古典文学形式:a form of classical Chinese literature 题材: subject
Dear Chris,
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Yours,
Li Hua
6 . The origin of the Chinese New Year Festival can be traced back thousands of years. According to one of the most famous legends (传说), in
On the day of that New Year’s Eve the people of Peach Blossom village were
Only a grandmother living in the east end of the village gave the old man some food and advised him to
Around midnight the monster Year rushed into the village. He found the house of the grandmother in the east end of the village was brilliantly illuminated (照亮的), with bright red paper stuck on the doors: Greatly
The next day when people came back from their hideouts and found everything safe and
From then on, on each New Year’s Eve, each family
A.great | B.ancient | C.unique | D.traditional |
A.surface | B.centre | C.stage | D.bottom |
A.shore | B.sky | C.trees | D.mountains |
A.avoid | B.search | C.accept | D.lift |
A.gathering | B.leaving | C.decorating | D.repairing |
A.happiness | B.sorrow | C.panic | D.sickness |
A.in | B.with | C.under | D.on |
A.hide | B.flee | C.follow | D.beg |
A.put | B.break | C.take | D.drive |
A.question | B.shame | C.prejudice | D.reply |
A.and | B.or | C.yet | D.but |
A.valued | B.disappointed | C.shocked | D.honored |
A.approached | B.broke | C.knocked | D.opened |
A.forward | B.backward | C.upward | D.downward |
A.healthy | B.sound | C.reliable | D.strong |
A.reflected | B.remembered | C.realized | D.thought |
A.promise | B.purpose | C.request | D.sense |
A.eyes | B.candles | C.bowls | D.stars |
A.stick | B.strike | C.draw | D.write |
A.near | B.close | C.square | D.wide |
Grandparents’ Day is a warm holiday that allows children and adults an opportunity to show their appreciation for their Grandparents. Grandparents’ Day and the weeks just before it are the time when children all over the country start thinking about what to get their Grandmothers and Grandfathers as presents for Grandparents’ Day. Of course, giving presents is just one way of celebrating Grandparents’ Day, but how to give gifts requires planning.
Choosing presents for Grandparents’ Day can be a very difficult task. Because Grandparents’ Day and holidays of its kind are meant to honor some of the most important people in our lives, the task of choosing presents that will be appropriate can be challenging. You don’t know what they like and what can show how much you love and care for them. Especially for those children who do not have much money, finding the suitable Grandparents’ Day present at the right price is a very difficult task.
One solution to the difficulty is not to buy anything at all. Rather than buying a material item that is almost sure to be short of expressing the depth and sincerity (诚心诚意) of your feelings for your Grandmother or Grandfather, consider another kind of choice entirely. One way that you can show a Grandparent that you really care is to make them something. A handmade card or flower or a written poem can go a long way towards expressing your love on Grandparents’ Day. Of course, there are also a lot more other ways to celebrate Grandparents’ Day than by just giving presents to your parents.
1. What does Grandparents’ Day mean to people? (No more than 10 words)2. What is challenging when you choose presents? (No more than 10 words)
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “appropriate”? (one word)
4. What gifts can best show your love to your grandparents? (No more than 10 words)
5. What gift would you prepare for Grandparents’ Day? And Why? (No more than 25 words)
1. 收信时的感想;
2. 推荐并介绍一个中国传统节日;
3. 预祝对方取得好成绩。
参考词汇:
端午节: Duanwu Festival; 粽子:zong zi; 纪念:in memory of
Dear Chris,
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Yours sincerely,
Li Jin
9 . Archaeologists(考古学家), studying Stonehenge and its surrounding area say they’ve dug up the relies of an untouched, ancient campsite that dates back to 6,000 years-a find that could rewrite British prehistory.
“This is the most important discovery at Stonehenge in over 60 years,” Professor Tim Darvill, a Bournemouth University archaeologist and a Stonehenge expert who did not take part in the new discovery, told the Telegraph. And as he told The Huffington Post in an email, the discovery changes earlier theories that Stonehenge was built in a landscape that was not heavily used before about 3000 B. C.
The discovery was made during a dig at Blick Mead, a site about 15 miles from Stonehenge. Researchers found charcoal(木炭) dating back to 4,000 B. C. and evidence of possible buildings, according to a statement released by the university. They also dug up burnt stone and tools, as well as the remains of animals-ancient cattle that served as food for ancient hunter-gatherers.
The researchers plan further analysis on the artificial objects but say they’re worried the tunnel construction(隧道建设) could damage the site and get in the way of their work.
“Blick Mead could explain what archaeologists have been searching for centuries-an answer to the story of Stonehenge’s past,” David Jacques, the University of Buckingham archaeologist who discovered the campsite, told The Guardian. “But our only chance to find out about the earliest part of Britain’s history could be ruined if the tunnel goes ahead.”
Stonehenge, a prehistoric monument made up of a ring of standing stones, lies eight miles north of Salisbury, England in Wiltshire. It has been listed as a World Heritage Site since 1986.
1. The main purpose of the passage is________A.to introduce a recent discovery of ancient relics |
B.to call on people to protect the ancient relics |
C.to warn the researchers not to do further analysis |
D.to attract more tourists to visit Stonehenge |
A.the researchers express their concern that the relics might be ruined |
B.the ancient campsite has been destroyed by the construction workers |
C.archaeologists are repairing artificial objects founded in the relic site |
D.the tunnel construction rewrites the earliest part of Britain’s history |
A.Travel. | B.Business | C.Lifestyle | D.Culture |
A.Stonehenge Is In Danger of Being Destroyed Because Of the Find. |
B.New Stonehenge Discovery Described As Most Important In 60 years. |
C.A New Tunnel Is Being Constructed Under Stonehenge. |
D.Stonehenge Has Been Listed as a World Heritage Site Since 1986. |
(1)展览会的时间、地点、主要内容;
(2)展览会的意义;
(3)希望对方参加这场展览会。
字数不少于100。
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