文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的成人礼，它是宣告个体成年的关键仪式，承载着责任传承与社会认同，历经变迁，核心价值不变，标志着人生新阶段的开始及社会责任意识的觉醒。
1 . Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In ancient China, the coming-of-age ceremony was a ritual in which a person would come to be declared and accepted as an adult by their own clan (宗族) and the wider society. That is to say, they would start taking on ________ responsibilities and would thus be ________ to inherit power and titles.
This ritual first came to be practiced by the nobles of the Zhou dynasty before later ________ to civilian population. In ancient China, the most common age in which this ritual was conducted was 20 for men and 15 for women. But throughout history it was ________ to conduct this ritual anywhere between the ages of 10 and 20.
The coming-of-age ceremony was key to Confucian rites (仪式，礼节) and was part of the “four rites” of life, which also included ________, mourning (治丧) rites, and sacrificial (祭祀) rituals.
At the ceremony, respected elders would put a special cap, or “Guan (冠)” on a young man’s head and tie up the hair of a young woman using a hair ornament named “Ji”. The young adults would be dressed up in the relevant robes and accessories (装饰品) of their gender. One would keep this new look as a grown-up.
The soon-to-be adult would then be ________ a courtesy name (表字) during the ritual. Afterwards, other people would ________ this person by their courtesy name to show them respect. Only one’s elder relatives could call them by their birth names.
In the end, the young adults would take up a cup of wine, pour some of the wine on the ground in ________ of both heaven and earth, and then take a sip of the rest of it. After doing this, they would then take a bite of rice. All this was ________ to symbolize the beginning of their adult life complete with all of its ups and downs.
The ceremony wouldn’t be over just yet. The young adults would kneel on the ground listening to their parents’ ________. After having shown ________ to the guests once again, they could finally stand next to their parents as real adults.
The age-old ritual was ________ during the Qing dynasty. The past few decades, ________, have seen a revival in the ceremonial celebration of one’s coming of age.
Despite changes in the styles and details, the essence of the coming-of-age ceremony remains ________: the celebration of the opening of a new chapter in one’s life. With this new beginning comes a (n) ________ of one’s responsibility to become a decent and respected contributor to society.
1. | A．noticeable | B．relevant | C．apparent | D．various |
2. | A．subject | B．polite | C．qualified | D．available |
3. | A．distributing | B．spreading | C．shifting | D．approaching |
4. | A．delighted | B．ridiculous | C．understandable | D．acceptable |
5. | A．schooling | B．marriage | C．dining | D．working |
6. | A．awarded | B．encouraged | C．rewarded | D．deprived |
7. | A．turn to | B．refer to | C．look to | D．talk to |
8. | A．name | B．respect | C．priority | D．honor |
9. | A．driven | B．run | C．meant | D．finished |
10. | A．praise | B．scold | C．instruction | D．complaint |
11. | A．gratitude | B．respect | C．expectation | D．kindness |
12. | A．banned | B．reinforced | C．flourishing | D．preserved |
13. | A．therefore | B．however | C．meanwhile | D．moreover |
14. | A．essential | B．critical | C．unchanged | D．possible |
15. | A．mind | B．mood | C．phase | D．awareness |
