文化选词填空练习题及答案-上海高中英语-组卷网

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disturbed evolution fit(fit fit; fitted fitted) passing practice promise stuck 外国文化与节日科普知识

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文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了万圣节的演变历史，这与异教徒，天主教徒和糖果公司有密切关系。

1 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. fit B. practice C. promising D. boast E. ingredients F. disturbed
G. evolution H. excuses I. passing J. stuck K. honouring

The Origin of Trick-or-treat

On October 31, hordes of children armed with Jack-o’-lantern-shaped buckets and pillow cases will take to the streets in search of sugar. Trick-or-treating for candy is equivalent to Halloween, but the tradition had to go through a centuries-long 1 to arrive at the place it is today. So how did the holiday become an opportunity for kids to get free sweets? You can blame pagans (异教徒), Catholics, and candy companies.

Historians agree that a Celtic autumn festival called Samhain (萨温节) was the origin of modern Halloween. Samhain was a time to celebrate the last harvest of the year and the approach of the winter season. It was also a festival for 2 the dead. One way Celtics may have appeased the spirits they believed still walked the Earth was by leaving treats on their doorsteps. When Catholics invaded Ireland in the 1st century CE, they rebranded many pagan holidays to 3 their religion. November 1^st became the “feasts of All Saints and All Souls,” and the day before it was dubbed “All-Hallows’-Eve.” The new holidays looked a lot different from the original Celtic festival, but many traditions 4 around, including the practice of offering food to the dead. The food of choice for Christians became “soul cakes,” small pastries usually baked with expensive 5 and spices like currants and saffron.

Instead of leaving them outside for 6 ghosts, soul cakes were distributed to beggars who went door-to-door 7 to pray for souls of the deceased in exchange for something to eat. Sometimes they wore costumes to honour the saints—something pagans originally did to avoid being 8 by evil spirits. The ritual, known as “souling”, is believed to have planted the seeds for modern-day trick-or-treating.

It wasn’t until the 1950s that trick-or-treat gained popularity in the US. Following the Great Depression and World War II, the suburbs were booming, and people were looking for 9 to have fun and get to know their neighbours. The old 10 of souling made a comeback and gave kids a chance to dress up in costumes and roam their neighbourhoods. Common trick-or-treat offerings included nuts, coins, and homemade baked goods (“treats” that most kids would turn their noses up at today).

2022-11-02更新 | 81次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市复旦大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷

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20-21高一上·上海徐汇·阶段练习

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

社会问题与社会现象文化差异

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2 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. rewarding B. inspired C. regional D. values E. shared F. custom
G. achieving H. coexist I. culturally J. deeply K. traditional

In the workplace, there many different cultures that 1 —including the company culture, the local culture of the business and the national or regional cultures of employees.

The culture of the workplace starts with the company’s mission and core 2 and helps the leadership team manage the employees. It affects all major operations, including recruiting employees, providing employees with compensation (赔偿金) and benefits and 3 employees for good behavior. It also informs the way an organization trains and develops its staff, how it promotes employees and any workplace traditions it follows.

The work environment is 4 affected by the culture of the organization. For example, if one of the main elements of the workplace culture is teamwork, employees will know how important it is to help one another. They will be less competitive with each other, and will instead focus on succeeding together. Such a cultural feature can enable teams to be highly productive and motivated.

Local culture affects the way people behave in the workplace. For example, if it is a 5 in local culture to spend a lot of time enjoying the natural landscape, then many employees will place importance on that activity as well.

Employees can use elements of local culture to connect with and motivate their employees. Using this example of cultural behavior, the workplace can offer outdoor activities as prizes for 6 business targets. In addition, having company functions outside at the beach or at a local park can further make the employees engaged and 7 .

In today’s global economy, it’s common for workplaces to be made up of people from different national and 8 cultures. Being culturally sensitive and aware helps employees to communicate effectively with their teammates and work toward 9 goals. It’s important for employers to take cultural diversity into account when establishing their workplace policies. Teach employees how to be 10 sensitive to their colleagues and customers who have different cultural backgrounds.

2021-12-03更新 | 50次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市徐汇中学2020-2021学年高一上学期10月考试英语试卷

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20-21高三上·上海·期中

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

外国文化与节日

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3 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. disturbing；B. accustomed；C. deposit；D. prospects；E. inherited
F. overcome；G. vaguely；H. bettering；I. flexible；J. miracle；K. rewarded

For more than three centuries, the American colonies and later, the United States have been a place for many "have-nots" to make the "American Dream" come true for themselves and to become "haves." And the optimism that people have, knowing that this 1 will always happen, has grown out of some key elements in the history of the nation, a nation that has differed profoundly from every other country in the world. The economic 2 of the nation will also be very much tied to these success stories. Three characteristics have contributed to such attainments.

First, the United States had natural resources undreamed of in other parts of the world. For farmers and ranchers there was land, often to be had cheaply or even for free. There were endless forests to supply lumber and rich 3 of coal, oil, silver, copper and gold. Besides, critical to the development of these resources was a population of both native-born Americans and immigrant who were connected by their common work ethic. This ethic held that industry and thrift should be

4 with - as Benjamin Franklin says -- "a State of Affluence and some Degree of Reputation in the World," These Americans believed in self improvement as well as in the nobility of all kinds of work. They also, if somewhat 5 , often linked material success with spiritual movement. Next, by and large, America was characterized by a(n) 6 class structure. In contrast to England and other European countries with their history of aristocrats（贵族）, this country was filled by numerous communities in which family connections or 7 money counted for little.

However, the pursuit of American Dream sometimes also proved to be a source of tension and strain. At the beginning of the 20th century, writers like Jack London and F. Scott Fitzgerald depicted a lot of "have-not" characters whose fate is not a matter of free will. They are 8 by forces beyond their control. Often, in their works, children or young people are victimized by poverty that prevents them from 9 themselves. Convinced that a person's destiny is the result of his or her heredity interacting with the environment, they employ many 10 details to explore the oppressive world in which their characters are trapped. Analyzing characters' assumptions and values continued to illuminate the American experience.

2021-11-03更新 | 80次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市位育中学2020-2021学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题

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20-21高三上·上海浦东新·阶段练习

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

文化保护

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4 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. spoiled B. inheritance C. assumed D. undisturbed E. economically
F. guardians G. instability H. longing I. practically J. coincidence K. fascinated

In the British Museum on a Sunday afternoon, ancient faces look back at children and adults alike. Inside their glass cases, pharaohs (法老) and priests are 1 by the crowds. And crowds there always are, for these are painted coffins and carved masks of ancient Egyptians, relics (文物) of a culture that has 2 the world for thousands of years.

Ancient civilization is part of the world's heritage, and in recent times it seemed nothing could seriously threaten that 3 .Tourists visited such sites as Giza in Egypt and Olympia in Greece safe in the 4 knowledge that we were seeing wonders that would always be available to admire.

Yet the 5 of the world in 2012 is a threat to the apparently peaceful monuments of antiquity (古董) . In Greece, anxiety and alienation (疏远) as the weakest economy on the euro-zone faces terrible pressure to transform its way of life and a troubling reflection at Olympia last week, where a museum of the ancient Greek games was attacked by thieves. Perhaps this was 6 , but it is the second recent museum robbery in Greece.

Meanwhile in Egypt, tourism levels have decreased since the revolution, and hotels are half-empty.

This is where the word “tourism” becomes in itself harmful. People who visit Egypt to see ancient art are certainly tourists, in the country that was at the heart of the very idea of modern tourism. But this word has unfairly come to imply a selfish, shallow form of consumer spending, 7 valuable to poor countries but irrelevant to the higher concerns of national self-determination and democratic change.

To reduce the problems of the Egyptian tourists industry to these cold terms is wrong. Many people visit Egypt with a passionate 8 to gaze on the eyes of Tutankhamun and stand at the foot of the Great Pyramid. More 9 , the money from tourism helps keep Egyptian sites and museums going. To say these places are only of interest to “tourism” would be tragic and miserable.

Both Greece and Egypt are 10 of sites and objects of the highest importance to the entire world, if we shrug and write off (注销、报废) antiquity as the stuff of tourism and scholarship, “irrelevant” to these extraordinary times, we are already well on the way to barbarism (野蛮).

2021-10-03更新 | 67次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海实验学校2020-2021学年高三上学期10月英语考试题

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20-21高一上·上海金山·期中

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

社会问题与社会现象中国文化与节日

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5 . Directions: Complete the following paragraphs by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. likely B. common C. necessary D. sense E. usual
F. remains G. drive H. close I. occurs J. mobile K. contact

Family Patterns in Modern Britain

The family is a central institution of modern British society, at least in the 1 that almost everybody has had experience of living in a family at some time in their lives. There are many different family patterns in modern Britain.

One pattern that was 2 in the 1950s and covers about one in eight families today is where the parents and married children live 3 together but in separate houses. The family bond 4 strong and mothers and daughters are 5 to meet each other most days to talk or help each other. This pattern 6 more often in settled communities rather than in 7 ones, in the north of England rather than in the south, and in working class rather than middle-class families.

Another pattern is where parents and married children live further apart (usually about an hour’s car 8 from each other). Many of them meet only once or twice a month but keep in 9 by telephone and help each other when 10 . This pattern is growing and covers about half of the population. It is found especially in middle-class families in the south-east of England.

2021-01-02更新 | 74次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市金山区金山中学2020-2021学年高一上学期期中英语试题

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20-21高一上·上海浦东新·期中

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

中国文化与节日

6 . Directions： Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. accepted B. actually C. absolutely D. described E. hosts F. normal
G. origin H. produced I. refer J. tend K. typical

Have you experienced culture shock? Culture shock refers to the anxiety 1 when a person moves to an 2 new environment. This term shows the lack of direction, the feeling of not knowing what to do or how to do things in a new environment, and not knowing which behavior is appropriate.

The feeling of culture shock can 3 set in after the first few weeks of arriving in a new country. It is a 4 part of adjusting to new food, customs, language, people and activities. A person with culture shock may 5 to experience headaches or stomachaches, easily tired, loneliness, hopelessness, distrust of 6 , painful homesickness, insomnia, or a desire to sleep too much or too little. They are the 7 symptoms of culture shock.

Culture shock can be 8 as the physical and emotional discomfort one suffers when living in another country or place different from his or her place of 9 . Usually, the way we lived before is not 10 or considered normal in the new country. Everything is a challenge, like not speaking the language or using telephones.

Learning the symptoms and knowing ahead of time of how to prepare yourself and how to deal with culture shock can make it a lot easier to overcome.

2020-12-04更新 | 71次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市浦东新区2020-2021学年高一上学期期中联考英语试题

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20-21高二上·上海·期中

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 适中(0.65) |

服饰穿戴中国文化与节日

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7 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. chance B. craze C. drawn D. founded AB. presence AC. modernized AD. mistaken BC. alive BD. promoted CD. enthusiasts ABC. engage

Putting up her hair in a bun adorned with an elaborate hairpin and wearing a long gown with embroidery and loose sleeves, 19-year-old Chen Xi might be 1 for a time traveler from centuries ago if not for her face mask and cellphone.

"I was 2 by the beauty of hanfu in costume dramas at the very beginning. They looked fairy-like, and I really liked it," she said. "Fascinated by this special garment, many young Chinese like me become more interested in traditional Chinese culture, customs and music."

In 2018, the number of hanfu fans reached 2.04 million, up 72.9 percent year on year, according to a report on China's hanfu industry released by iiMedia Research, a Chinese consulting agency. A few years earlier, whenever Chen put on hanfu and walked on the street, passers-by gave her weird looks. Now things are different. Hanfu has seen a growing and more visible 3 in the daily life of China.

If you walk through the streets and parks in cities such as Hangzhou or Kunming, you may 4 upon an individual dressed in the sweeping ropes, crossed collars and wide sleeves of hanfu. Dressed in this way, they aim to keep the apparel and the rich culture behind it 5 .

Liu Dan, 43, put on his first hanfu suit and stepped out onto the street in 2006 when he returned from overseas to Kunming, the capital city of Southwest China's Yunnan province. He said the hanfu 6 started in the early 2000s on online forums and websites, but now the fashion has jumped out of the screen and onto the streets.

In 2007, Liu, with an educational background in software engineering, 7 the Yunnan Hanfu Association. The number of hanfu 8 in the association has grown from fewer than 10 to more than 10,000. Each weekend, they meet up for themed activities. Amid the COVID-19 epidemic, Liu has moved these cultural activities online.

Many companies have cashed in on the upsurge in hanfu popularity. E-commerce giant Alibaba and livestreaming platform Huya both have launched apps to 9 hanfu fans and thereby nurture online shopping sales.

Experts believe the resurgence of hanfu, like traditional songs and poems, is part of a larger trend to prize tradition, as the increasingly wealthy and 10 Chinese society sets off to reconnect with its cultural roots.

2020-11-12更新 | 148次组卷 | 2卷引用：上海市七宝中学2020-2021学年高二上学期期中英语试题

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19-20高一下·上海杨浦·阶段练习

选词填空-短文选词填空 | 较易(0.85) |

中国文化与节日

8 .

The meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be 1 , or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every 2 with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of 3 among people, just at some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be 4 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these culture, silence is a call for 5 .

Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with 6 among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show 7 between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority（权威）rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the 8 meanings of silence wen they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own persona and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not 9 too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing 10 of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

2020-06-18更新 | 87次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海理工大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一下学期第二次月考英语试题

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19-20高三上·上海金山·期中

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旅游观光文化保护环境保护

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9 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Bhutan is the country of a stunning and wide variety of flora and fauna, amazing architecture, ancient traditions, remarkably friendly people and unique colorful culture. It is 1 the worlds’ happiest country and also one of the greenest, for the Himalayan kingdom is not only carbon neutral, but carbon 2 .

What is also noteworthy is that this is happening despite increasing tourism. One of the ways foreigners can contribute to the country’s conservation efforts is to visit the miraculous land. As a travel destination, Bhutan remains unique, 3 between its industrialized neighbors China and India. The isolated nation only opened up to foreign visits in 1974 and allowed TVs in 1999.

Bhutan has built sustainability into its national 4 . “Our enlightened monarchs (君王) have worked tirelessly to develop our country, 5 economic growth carefully with social development, environmental sustainability, and cultural preservation, all within the framework of good governance,” Tshering Tobgay, Bhutan’s Prime Minister said at a 2016 TED Talk. One of the ways Bhutan has achieved this is controlled, low 6 tourism.

Unless you’re from India, Bangladesh, or the Maldives, you’ll need a visa to explore this wonderland—there is no independent travel. Aside from the visa ($40), tourists must pay an additional $200 to $250 “Minimum Daily Package Fee” and book through an officially 7 tour operator. The fee can confuse or put off potential visitors, so it’s worth clarifying what it is. It covers lodging in three-star accommodations, all meals, a(n) 8 guide, camping and hiking equipment, domestic travel (excluding flights), and taxes and fees. A daily sustainable development fee of $65 is also included in the package. This goes towards 9 education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation, along with the building of infrastructure to 10 growing tourism.

2020-02-26更新 | 123次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市金山中学2019-2020学年高三上学期期中英语试题

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17-18高二上·上海宝山·期中

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中国文化与节日

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10 .

The term “culture shock” describes the emotional upheaval many people experience when they move to a country with a different culture from what they are used to. Here is how culture shock can 1 .

When you first arrives in a foreign country, you will probably be excited about living in a new place, meeting new people and starting your new course or job. Everything will seem fresh and 2 .

After this initial 3 wears off, all the new experiences may begin to overwhelm you. Things that you found exciting at first may now seem strange and a little 4 . Even minor differences such a being unable to buy your usual kind of soap, can 5 to the sense of strangeness. You may experience sudden 6 changes and strong reactions, feeling lost, disoriented, and even irritated and resentful.

Above all, you may wish you were back among the 7 people and places at home.

All international students or workers can experience culture shock in some 8 --even those coming from countries with very similar lifestyles.

So it is important to understand that this reaction of “culture shock” is entirely normal and that it will 9 . Don’t worry too much and try to look at everything different in a 10 way. Take it easy and then you will enjoy the new environment soon.

2019-09-29更新 | 98次组卷 | 1卷引用：上海市上海交通大学附中2017-2018学年高二上学期期中英语试题

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