Chinese ancient architecture is a treasure of cultural heritage, reflecting China’s rich history and unique cultural identity. With a history
Chinese ancient architecture is characterized by its use of natural materials such as wood, brick, and stone, in conjunction with fancy carvings and decorative details. Bridges, tombs, temples, and towers are some of the key
One of the most iconic examples of Chinese ancient architecture is the Forbidden City in Beijing. Construction of the Forbidden City began in 1406 and took over a decade
In southern China, the rice terraces (梯田) are
Chinese ancient architecture has had a profound influence on the
1. Where is the speaker from?
A.China. | B.America. | C.Britain. |
A.Prepare the food. |
B.Watch the football game. |
C.Do some shopping. |
A.His professor. | B.A festival. | C.American football. |
The core value of Chinese traditional culture is the concept of harmony. Harmony is, in fact, a complete cultural system that consists of not only
At the centre of Chinese cultural harmony is the belief in the interconnectedness of all things. It
The significance of harmony in Chinese culture cannot be overstated. It has shaped China’s approach to international relations,
4 . When Mark Twain visited Florence (佛罗伦萨) in 1867, he dutifully visited the city’s museums, churches, and tombs. But as he stood by the Arno, he began to sense the Italians’ insistence that it was a river, not a stream. “They all call it a river, and they honestly think it is a river, do these dark and bloody Florentines,” he complained, “I might enter Florence under happier circumstances a month hence and find it all beautiful, all attractive. But I do not care to think of it now, at all.”
It’s normal to feel uncomfortable outside your home culture. Feelings of discomfort, dislocation, and overload among travelers are referred to by many as “culture shock.” But Susan Goldstein, a professor at the University of Redlands says, “ Though the term has existed for many years, ‘Culture shock’ implies a dramatic, unexpected, negative event. Though many travelers will experience such challenges, a real sense of ‘shock’ is untypical. So untypical that many researchers no longer use the term.”
It was the vivid description of culture shock by Canadian researcher Oberg, written in 1960 in response to his own multicultural experiences, that won over audiences. The researcher spoke of the adjustment process as “an occupational disease of people who have suddenly been transplanted abroad” — a “disease” that progressed from a honeymoon phase, through rejecting the new environment, to finally adjusting fully to it. By the 1970s many researchers adopted the idea that, like physical illnesses, culture shock progressed through a remarkably consistent and universal set of stages.
Modern research, however, suggests that the experiences of adaptation are individual, not universal. “People will have their ups and downs, but for the most part, they will become increasingly comfortable and competent over time,” Goldstein says. And while many connect the causes of culture shock to the host culture itself, an individual’s internal expectations and differences are just as important.
As for Mark Twain, the moody author was able to ride out his feelings of upset and dislocation while traveling. He eventually finished out his European tour - and in his bestselling travel memoir The Innocents Abroad, famously remarked that travel is “fatal to prejudice and narrow-mindedness.” With the right attitude - and the willingness to seek help if you need it - it’s more than likely that you, too, can adapt and grow in new settings, building new memories-and toughness - with each new stamp in your passport.
1. How did Mark Twain feel about Italians’ insistence?A.Annoyed. | B.Calm. | C.Uninterested. | D.Curious. |
A.It would lead to physical diseases. |
B.It was regarded as an avoidable thing. |
C.It was named for people’s adjustment. |
D.It had gained wide acceptance by the 1970s. |
A.Suggestions about culture shock. |
B.A change in understanding culture shock. |
C.Stress of the importance of culture shock. |
D.A criticism of previous idea of culture shock. |
A.To remember him. | B.To inform and anticipate. |
C.To conclude and encourage. | D.To make the ending humorous. |
Large cloisonne (Jingtailan in Chinese) vases, striking plates and other colorful pieces
Gaze upon these long enough, and you will be surprised by the
“It’s said that there are 108 steps in
The fundamentals of making cloisonne include
Te technique was introduced
1. 表示欢迎;
2. 活动内容;
3. 表达祝愿。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Miss Lori,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7 . There are plenty of opportunities to study and work abroad. But some early-career scientists might face challenges adapting to different communication styles and different workplaces. However, supervisors(主管) and junior researchers can reduce the risk of misunderstandings by actively learning about each other’s cultures and expressing workplace expectations clearly.
It is important to be sensitive (灵敏的) to cultural differences and to avoid misunderstandings. Nanda Dimitrov, director of Western University’s Teaching Support Centre in London, says that she personally experienced directness more often in the United Kingdom than in the United States. She points out that the relationship between junior researcher and supervisor is influenced by many factors including personality, former experiences and the department’s culture.
Keshun Zhang faced this issue after moving from China to the University of Konstanz in Germany to get his PhD in psychology. He was used to following teachers’ suggestions. But the culture in Germany always encourages you to argue, to fight for yourself. With his supervisor’s encouragement, he started pushing back. After his first year, his supervisor said, “Wow, finally you have learnt to say no.” Zhang also realized that he was expected to work independently(独立地). His supervisor urged him to try to solve problems on his own and to ask for guidance only if he became stuck.
“People sometimes brush off a student from another country as ‘rude’, but in their culture, they’re not,” says Amratia, who was a Kenya student at the University of Florida in Gainesville. “Researchers should also remember that their nation’s customs aren’t necessarily best. When you come from a different country, you don’t assume everybody should be doing things your way. I never cared if somebody was different from me as long as it didn’t seriously affect the rest of the lab,” Amratia said.
1. How do people going abroad avoid misunderstanding according to Paragraph 1?A.By facing challenges bravely. |
B.By introducing their own ideas. |
C.By creating more communication chances. |
D.By learning different cultures and expressing job expectations. |
A.Don’t be too sensitive to different cultures. | B.People should experience different cultures. |
C.British are more direct than Americans do. | D.The relation among junior researchers is simple. |
A.Trying to support one’s own opinions. | B.Accepting advice of elders. |
C.Pushing back supervisor’s encouragement. | D.Turning to others for help often. |
A.Working independently and hard. | B.Respecting others’ different cultures. |
C.Encouraging yourself to fight for yourself. | D.Talking with people with the same culture. |
1.你的家庭传统;
2.如何庆祝这一传统;
3.这一家庭传统的意义。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One of My Family Traditions
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9 . Thanksgiving is a time of year when we get together with our families and celebrate peace over a giant feast including roast turkey and pumpkin pie.
There are many reasons why the pumpkin pie is made for Thanksgiving, one of which is related to the season. In the USA, Thanksgiving sits at the beginning of the fall season, and this is celebrated over a feast made up of seasonal food. Pumpkins are harvested in North America and Canada during the fall; therefore, being a seasonal crop, it is in richness at this time.
In 1621 some of the earliest American settlers came across pumpkins for the first time and were new to eating it. Early recipes (食谱) describe ways of cooking pumpkins, which would have included hollowing out (挖空) a pumpkin and filling it with milk and honey. They would have then roasted this on a fire. It became a tradition for the Native Americans to bring the pumpkins to the settlers as gifts, and they showed them how to cook and prepare pumpkins.
Pumpkin pie recipes began to appear in English-written American cookbooks in 1670. Some recipes included adding apples for added flavor (味道). Most recipes have continued to follow the basis of using pumpkin, milk, eggs, sugar, salt, butter, and so on.
The biggest pumpkin pie in the world was made on September 25, 2010, at the New Bremen Pumpkin Fest in Ohio. To make this large pie, 2,796 eggs, 525 pounds of sugar, and 1,212 pounds of canned pumpkin were used. After baking, the total weight of the pie was 3,699 pounds.
The pumpkin pie was a creation made with the help and guidance of Native Americans and is an important part of celebrating Thanksgiving.
1. Why are pumpkins used to celebrate Thanksgiving according to Paragraph 2?A.Pumpkins are in season in autumn. |
B.People relate pumpkins to being rich. |
C.People in North America love eating pumpkins. |
D.Pumpkins stand for people’s wish for a happy life. |
A.The celebrations on Thanksgiving. | B.The history of early American settlers. |
C.The early recipes for making pumpkin pie. | D.The origin of cooking pumpkin on Thanksgiving. |
A.To show the pumpkin pie was extremely big. |
B.To describe the good taste of the pumpkin pie. |
C.To stress the difficulty in gathering pumpkins. |
D.To explain the process of making the pumpkin pie. |
A.Growing Crops for Thanksgiving | B.Eating Pumpkin Pie at Thanksgiving |
C.The Biggest Pumpkin Pie in the World | D.Traditions of Celebrating Thanksgiving |
10 . Four Festivals From Around The World
It seems every country has its inviting events on the annual calendar. Here we’ve boiled down the options to add to your bucket list.
Boryeong Mud Festival, Republic of KoreaThe extensive beneficial qualities of the mud in Boryeong coastal region have prompted wellness-related lines, as well as an entire coastal festival. The festival celebrates the natural benefits of this precious resource with a dose of pops, beach fun and street food, drawing visitors from around the world to get messy and learn about the region’s resources.
Rock Oyster Festival, EnglandRock Oyster Festival is a summer event on the Cornish coast. With musical performances from the huge names, the three day festival also showcases some of the best chefs and restaurants from around Cornwall as well as cooking demonstrations. Big shots in the food world like Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, Olia Hercules and Andi Oliver share their stories, while over at Mussel Beach, there’s a celebration of live fire cooking in all its glory.
Copenhagen Photo Festival, DenmarkCopenhagen Photo Festival showcases s international contemporary photography in a stunning, dramatic setting at the water’s edge. The Festival Centre and exhibition park are located in an urban coastal wilderness, formerly an industrial shipyard site. With the theme “Entanglement” for the 2024 edition of the festival, it encourages people to think relations on all the ways we are co-dependently connected.
Noosa Festival of Surfing, AustraliaNoosa is an iconic surf spot on Queensland’s Sunshine Coast, Big waves crash on to the sunny and expansive beaches, backed by bars, cafes and the Noosa National Park. The annual festival is a homage to global surf culture and talent. Exhibitions, art shows and live music punctuate the moments between the actions on the water, while lighthearted activities such as dog surfing competitions accompany the more serious contests.
1. Which festival is most likely to appeal to people who are health-conscious?A.Boryeong Mud Festival. | B.Rock Oyster Festival. |
C.Copenhagen Photo Festival. | D.Noosa Festival of Surfing. |
A.Take part in a cooking contest. | B.Meet masters in food industry. |
C.Visit an industrial shipyard site. | D.Make alive fire cooking freely. |
A.Free food is available. | B.Celebrities are invited there, |
C.They provide live music shows. | D.They take place in coastal areas. |