1 . How to Travel to Machu Picchu

Mysterious. Brilliant. Powerful. These words describe the Inca (印加). Every year, visitors rush to the Incan citadel (堡垒) of Machu Picchu (meaning “the ancient peak”) in search of the lost civilization. But getting to this UNESCO World Heritage site isn’t cheap and easy. Here’s how to expertly navigate your way to Peru’s most famous destination.

Hiking to Machu Picchu

* The most famous way to hike to Machu Picchu is along a section of one of the Incan roads built as the empire expanded. Dozens of tour operators offer Inca Trail hikes with varying durations and levels of comfort (though all require camping).

* For those who would like a less crowded experience, there are a number of diverse hiking alternatives, one of which is around Salkantay Mountain, one of the most imposing peaks in the Peruvian Andes. Several tour companies offer the treks, but Apus Peru offers an express Salkantay trek, which shaves a day off the normal itinerary for those eager to push their physical limits on their way to Machu Picchu.

* Travelers interested in archaeology should consider the Choquequirao Trek with a Machu Picchu extension. This itinerary includes spectacular hiking in the less-traveled steep Apurimac Canyon and exploration of the Choquequirao archaeological site before heading for Machu Picchu. Note that the trail is closed in December every year for regular maintenance.

Tips for Visiting

* Getting Acclimated (适应水土): Where you`re coming from is probably much lower than Machu Picchu. We highly recommend you go to Aguas Calientes first, and spend a night getting used to it before exploring Machu Picchu. Meanwhile, avoid alcohol and physical exertion to help your body slowly adjust to the thinner air.

* Entrance tickets: If you’re traveling independently, you can buy individual entrance tickets, though you should note that you’ll be required to hire a local guide before entering the site. If you book a tour package through a travel agency, all services should be included. Moreover, all entry tickets are timed, allowing entrance on the hour, and you’re allowed to stay at the site for up to four hours.

*Bring: Water and a rain jacket, even if it looks like a beautiful sunny day. And speaking of sun, remember that the ozone layer (臭氧层) over Peru is compromised. That, combined with the elevation, makes the sun extremely strong, so wear a hat and use high SPF sunscreen.

* Don’t bring: Drones, walking sticks, trekking poles or umbrellas since they’re all prohibited at Machu Picchu. Travelers who require sticks for mobility can bring them in but only with protective rubber tips over the ends.

1. Andy is a college student majoring in archaeology. He is also a keen lover of extreme sports and a seasoned hiker eager to explore the unbeaten track. Now he is considering hiking to Machu Picchu this Christmas. Which of the following routes is he most likely to choose?

A．The Inca Trail.	B．The Apus Peru Trek.
C．The express Salkantay Trek.	D．The Choquequrao Trek.

2. Which of the following information is TRUE for travelers to Machu Piccu?

A．Vigorous exercise isn’t recommended during the hike for fear of altitude sickness.

B．Visitors should bring rain jackets or umbrellas due to the changeable weather there.

C．Visitors can enter the site anytime during the opening hours and stay for four hours.

D．Tour guide services are necessary for individual and group visitors to enter the site.

3. The underlined word “compromised” can be best replaced by ________.

A．harmed	B．strengthened
C．detected	D．lowered

3 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. stretch；B. expectancy；C. fund；D. highlight；E. appealed；F. set G. package；H. send；I. vehicle；J. blow；K. beaten

On her return to England, 22-year- old Amy and her boy friend Neal decided to take “the road less travelled”. They drove across Mozambique, one of the poorest countries in Africa, but it wasn’t exactly a holiday. Mozambique had two qualities which     1     to them: great attraction as a travel destination and local people who badly needed help. Once there, the couple got off the     2     track and headed for Quirimbas National Park, where they found a tiny     3     of white sand close to a village. Life in the village was hard: there was little clean water and not enough food. Health care was poor and people in the village had a life     4     of 38 years. Amy and Neal had no qualifications in tourism or health care but they had common sense, enthusiasm and determination. The couple     5     to work on a beach lodge, building beach huts from local materials and employing people from the area. Once the lodge was complete, they set up a charitable foundation called NEMA, which received 5% of the money made. This money was used to create clean water points,     6     health care projects, build two primary schools and support conservation projects-it helped to improve the lives of thousands of people. “We wanted 40 to show the world the power of tourism, that it could be a     7     for change, says Amy.

It isn’t easy to get to this village. It’s not a typical     8     holiday with airport pick-ups and drop-offs. There’s no public transport, either. The nearest city is about 260 kilometers away and once there, you have to take a boat or go on a three-hour car journey along badly maintained roads. But the village lodge is worth the effort. Today the lodge as has nine beach huts, with beautiful sea views. There are no overpriced gift rip shops and other tourist traps, It’s the perfect place to take time out, escape the crowds and soak up the sun. Visitors can see the sights- explore the island nearby with a tour guide, go scuba-diving or observe African wildlife. But the     9     for many is getting to know people in the village, taking part in festivals and learning about NEMA’s work.” People who stay with us often come for the diving or the beach,” says Amy,” but it’s the communities that really       10     them away.”

4 . On your next trip, whether it be close to home or beyond, encourage family members to be aware of their senses. Here are five ways to deepen the day's experience and expand awareness.

1. What do you smell?

Campfires, freshly cut grass, a pine forest and sweet-smelling rose gardens all offer an opportunity to smell something special. Talk with the kids about which smells make them want to stick around and which they are eager to pass by. Do certain smells call up a memory from a previous experience? Notice how different members of your family respond.

2. What do you hear?

While out and about, encourage the kids to close their eyes and tune in. Is that the whistle of a train in the distance? Do you hear a horse clip-clopping down the trail or the crying of an ow(猫头鹰)? Listen to the traffic noise in the city, waves crashing on a rocky shoreline or an unfamiliar bird singing in the trees.

3. How does it feel?

Particularly in these changing times, leaving the comfort of home can stimulate a range of emotions extending from excitement and expectation to anxiety and uncertainty.

How might your crew react to the dampness of a coastal town or the dry air of the Sonoran Desert? Who feels tired? Or hungry? Or even homesick? Talk about it.

4. May I touch?

From petting zoos and tide pools to horse farms and turtle shelters, travel has historically offered families the opportunity to reach for the unexpected. Today, many of those rules have changed. Before you head out, discuss your safety rules. COVID concerns aside, colorful coral and certain green, leafy plants might look interesting, but close contact isn't advised.

5. Can I taste it?

While we've been staying home, many families have used the time to encourage kids to expand their food range. It's a good time to talk about the origins of different ingredients and why many are unique to specific regions of the world. Seek out the websites of cities, countries or resorts you might like to visit. Many are offering directions that will enable you to explore the food and drink of destinations around the world. From curry to barbecue sauce, there is a story to accompany every flavor you'll sample.

1. The underlined phrase “tune in” (in paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to ________.

A．listen

B．consider

C．imagine

D．reflect

2. Which of the following is suggested according to the passage?

A．To smell something special and stay longer to recall their memories.

B．To analyze the weather conditions and avoid the dampness or dry air.

C．To avoid touching colorful coral and certain green, leafy plants.

D．To inspire children to read the cooking stories around the world.

3. The purpose of the passage is to encourage family members ________.

A．to travel around the places they dream about

B．to use their senses to explore the world around

C．to leave their home for destinations around

D．to expand awareness to improve five senses