1 . Banff National Park is Canada’s firstborn national park and was recognized in 1885. Located in the Rocky Mountains of Alberta, Banff includes 6,641 square kilometers of glaciers and ice fields, thick coniferous forest, and alpine(高山的) scenery. The Icefields Park-way spreads from Lake Louise, connecting to Jasper National Park in the north. Provincial forests and Yoho National Park are neighbors to the west while Kootenay National Park is situated to the south. The main commercial center of the park is the town of Banff, in the Bow River valley.

The Canadian Pacific Railway was contributory in Banff’s early years, building the Banff Springs Hotel and Chateau Lake Louise hotel in the park and attracting tourists through widespread advertising. In the early 20th century, roads were built in Banff, at times by prisoners of World War I, and through Great Depression-era public works projects, As Banff has over three million visitors annually, the health of its ecology has been endangered. In the mid-1990s, Parks Canada launched a two-year study to preserve ecological integrity.

Banff National Park has a subarctic climate(副极地气候) with three ecoregions. The forests feature lodgepole pine at lower heights and Engelmann spruce at higher ones below the tree line, above which are chiefly rocks and ice. Mammal(哺乳动物) species such as the grizzly bear, cougar, wolverine, moose and bighorn sheep are found along with hundreds of bird species. Reptiles(爬行动物) are also found but only a restricted number of species have been recorded.

The mountains were formed from sedimentary rocks(沉积岩) which were pushed east over newer rock formations, between 80 and 55 million years ago. Over the previous few million years, glaciers have at times covered most of the park, but today are found only on the mountainsides though they include the Columbia Icefield, the largest continuous glacial mass in the Rockies. Erosion(侵蚀) from water and ice has molded the mountains into their existing shapes.

1. What can we infer about Banff National Park?

A．It was built mainly by prisoners.

B．It is the oldest national park in Canada.

C．It is connected to three other provincial parks.

D．It failed to satisfy visitors’ demand for commercial activities.

2. What was a contribution of the Canadian Pacific Railway?

A．Building roads in Banff.

B．Constructing hotels in Banff.

C．Preserving the ecology of Banff.

D．Providing multiple railway lines to Banff.

3. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The biodiversity of Banff.

B．The limited knowledge of reptiles.

C．The complex climate system of Banff.

D．The mammals’ severe living conditions.

4. What does the underlined word “molded” most probably mean?

A．Stuck.

B．Broken.

C．Formed.

D．Followed.