1 . The part of the environmental movement that draws my firm’s attention is the design of buildings. Today, thousands of people come to ________ building conferences, and the idea that buildings can be good for people and the environment will be increasingly ________ in years to come. Back in 1984 we discovered that most manufactured products for decoration weren’t designed for ________ use. The “energy-efficient” sealed commercial buildings constructed after the 1970s energy crisis ________ indoor air quality problems caused by materials such as paint, wall covering and carpet. So for 20 years, we’ve been looking for ways to make these materials ________   for people and the planet.

Home builders can now use materials, such as green paints, that release significantly ________   amounts of chemical compounds, which people believe don’t ________ the quality of the air.   ________, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating ________ healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or ________ by industry again and again. For example, the world’s largest carpet manufacturer has already ________ a carpet that is fully and safely recyclable.

Look at it this way: no one ________ to create a building that destroy the planet. But our current industrial systems are basically causing these conditions, whether we like it or not. So   ________ of simply trying to reduce the damage, we are ________ a positive approach. We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a ________   effect on the world. It is not just the building industry, either. Entire cities are taking these environmentally positive approaches to design, planning and building.

1.

A．commercial

B．green

C．traditional

D．simple

2.

A．efficient

B．changeable

C．influential

D．effective

3.

A．relevant

B．indoor

C．flexible

D．forward

4.

A．revealed

B．displayed

C．exhibited

D．discovered

5.

A．careful

B．comfortable

C．stable

D．safe

6.

A．reduced

B．revised

C．delayed

D．defined

7.

A．destroy

B．deny

C．dissolve

D．depress

8.

A．Anyway

B．Besides

C．Anyhow

D．However

9.

A．exactly

B．completely

C．partially

D．superficially

10.

A．restored

B．regain

C．reused

D．retain

11.

A．developed

B．stretched

C．researched

D．constructed

12.

A．sets off

B．sets about

C．sets out

D．sets up

13.

A．instead

B．because

C．out

D．regardless

14.

A．adjusting

B．adopting

C．adapting

D．admitting

15.

A．functional

B．sensible

C．beneficial

D．precious

2 . London can be an expensive city to visit if you go unprepared. If you go sightseeing in London for the first time, it is suggested investing in a London Pass. The London Pass is a digital sightseeing credits package that gives you access to 80+attractions in the city with a relatively lower cost. For many attractions on the pass, there’s no need to pre-book. However, some may have limited capacity, so you’ll need to book in advance.

What do you get with The London Pass?

●Incredible savings.

●Access to more than 80 top London attractions.

●Fast entry at selected attractions and sights.

●90-day money-back guarantee.

Go to The London Pass booking page and choose a duration that suits your trip-The London Pass is available for one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or 10 consecutive days. Download the pass to your phone and plan your sightseeing tours with the app. When you get to the gate of any participating attraction, show your London Pass and head straight inside.

What are our bestsellers?

●2 Day Pass: Child £65.00 Adult £99.00

●3 Day Pass: Child £77.00 Adult £116.00

●5 Day Pass: Child £94.00 Adult £144.00

1. Why is The London Pass recommended to travelers?

A．It offers money-saving tips.	B．It helps to visit London on a budget.
C．It provides access to more attractions.	D．It promises to return money if unused.

2. What should you do before using The London Pass?

A．Sign up on the page.	B．Download the app.
C．Book your tours.	D．Update your information.

3. How much should you pay if you want 3 Day Pass for two parents and a kid?

A．£.164.

B．£263.

C．£309.

D．£382.

3 . I was dirty, smelly, hungry and somewhere beneath all that, suntanned. It was the end of an Inter-Rail (欧洲旅游火车通票) holiday. My body couldn’t take any more punishment. My mind couldn’t deal with any more foreign timetables, currencies or languages.

“Never again,” I said, as I stepped onto home ground. I said exactly the same thing the following year. And the next. All I had to do was buy one train ticket and, because I was under twenty-five years old, I could spend a whole month going anywhere I wanted in Europe. Ordinary beds are never the same once you’ve learnt to sleep in the passage of a train, the rhythm rocking you into a deep sleep.

Carrying all your possessions on your back in a rucksack (背包) makes you have a very basic approach to travel, and encourages incredible wastefulness that can lead to burning socks that have become too anti-social, and getting rid of books when finished. On the other hand, this way of looking at life is entirely in the spirit of Inter-Rail, for common sense and reasoning can be thrown out of the window along with the paperback book and the socks. All it takes to achieve this carefree attitude is one of those tickets in your hand.

Any system that enables young people to travel through countries at a rate of more than one a day must be pretty social. On that first trip, my friends and I were at first unaware of the possibilities of this type of train ticket, thinking it was just an inexpensive way of getting to and from our chosen camp-site in southern France. But the idea of non-stop travel proved too attractive, for there was always just one more country over the border, always that little bit further to go. And what did the extra miles cost us? Nothing.

We were not completely uninterested in culture. But this was a first holiday without parents, as it was for most other Inter-Railers, and in organizing our own timetable we left out everything except the most available sights. This was the chance to escape the guided tour, an opportunity to do something different. I took great pride in the fact that, in many places, all I could be bothered to see was the view from the station. We were just there to get by, and to have good time doing so. In this we were no different from most of the other Inter-Railers with whom we shared passage floors, food and water, money and music.

The excitement of travel comes from the sudden reality of somewhere that was previously just a name. It is as if the city in which you arrive never actually existed until the train pulls in at the station and you are able to see it with your own tired eyes for the first time.

1. What does the writer mean by “this way of looking at life” in Paragraph 3?

A．Worrying about your clothes.	B．Throwing unwanted things away.
C．Behaving in an anti-social way.	D．Looking after your possessions.

2. Why did the writer originally buy an Inter-Rail ticket?

A．To get to one place cheaply.	B．To meet other young people.
C．To see a lot of famous places.	D．To go on a tour of Europe.

3. What the writer liked about traveling without his parents was that_____.

A．he could see more interesting places	B．he could spend more time sightseeing
C．he could stay away from home longer	D．he could make his own decisions

4. What does “it” in the last sentence of Paragraph 6 refer to?

A．A name.

B．The city.

C．The train.

D．The station.

4 .

Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling (浮潜) can be found here. Vanuatu’s islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving. Volcano Surfing On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others captivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano. In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it’s very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist named Zoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. Volcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer’s goal is to escape the erupting volcano — without getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It’s fast, fun, and dangerous — the perfect extreme sport. Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. A man ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps head-first from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.

1. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?

A．Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean.

B．The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries.

C．Bungee jumping grew out of land diving.

D．Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.

2. The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning to ________.

A．distressing

B．charming

C．disappointing

D．relieving

3. Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?

A．Untouched Beauty: VANUATU	B．Volcano Adventure: VANUATU
C．Extreme Destination: VANUATU	D．Preserved Culture: VANUATU

5 . Frequently Asked Questions for Yellowstone National Park

How much is the entrance fee?

$35 - Private, non-commercial vehicle; $30 - Motorcycle or snowmobile (winter) $20 - Visitors 16 and older entering by foot, bike, ski, etc. * This fee provides the visitor with a 7-day entrance permit for both Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks.

Where should we stay?

Your decision may depend on how much time you have and what you want to see the most. If you plan on visiting Yellowstone National Park for only a few days and want to experience some of the main attractions then West Yellowstone would be a good base. From there, it is a short drive to the geyser basins, Old Faithful and the Grand Canyon. If you want to have the full park experience then perhaps lodging at Old Faithful would be a good choice. If you want to view the most wildlife, then we suggest the Northeast Entrance. The South Entrance is a great option if you have more time and want to visit Grand Teton National Park; however it is a longer drive to the heart of Yellowstone if you base out of Jackson. The North Entrance is park headquarters and has the most historic information on the park.

When is the best time to visit the park?

This depends on what your interests are. Spring has abundant wildlife, roaring waterfalls and wild weather. Summer has it all including the most crowds, so you’d better get out early and eat your breakfast on the road! Fall is a special time of year. Everything seems to be diminishing including the crowds. Winter is a time of being a bit of social isolation. In years past it was more “economical” to visit most of the park. Now it is more restricted unless you can afford a snow-coach or guided snowmobile tour.

Can I get Cell and Wi-Fi?

Free public Wi-Fi is available at Al-bright Visitor Center and at some park lodges for registered guests. Cell service is extremely limited, with reception only available in or near major developed areas. In summer, service is often maxed out in these areas. Yet, it is sad to see the latest generation fade away from normal everyday activities and conversation. Get out, look around, admire the wonders. There’re plenty of natural and human distractions around every corner. The last thing we want to do is divert visitors from Yellowstone’s wonders especially while driving.

1. How much is the entrance fee in total if Jeffery makes a self-driving trip to Yellowstone with his father and his 16-year-old daughter during the winter vacation?

A．$105

B．$55

C．$35

D．$50

2. The underlined sentence implies that _________.

A．visiting Yellowstone in winter is preferred by most local people

B．most of the park was restricted to visitors in winter in the past.

C．nowadays most people choose to tour the park on a snow-coach in winter.

D．winter used to be a better time to visit the park in terms of expenses

3. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A．the entrance ticket applies to Yellowstone only

B．Old Faithful provides a full view of the park

C．the wireless connection is not satisfactory in summer

D．younger generations make up the majority of park visitors

6 . Getting Around Britain

In Britain, we still calculate distances in miles and we still drive on the left. Many of Britain’s roads follow ancient Roman roads and you have to pay at some old roll（收费）bridges dating back hundreds of years. In London, we still have red double-decker buses and black London taxis. Before they can work, London taxi drivers still have to spend about 18 months learning all about the streets of London to get ‘the knowledge’.

    1    There are now more than 25 million cars on our roads so traffic jams are common on Britain's motorways, like the M25 around London.     2     You get delays caused by unpredictable events such as ‘leaves on the lines’ in autumn. To improve the situation in transport, the government is investing a lot of money in the railways and coming out with ‘new’ ideas like toll motorways and congestion charges in major cities like London.

Despite all of this, there are some fantastic ways of getting around the country and enjoying yourself at the same time.    3     Britain has thousands of miles of quiet country lanes and forest tracks which are ideal for keen cyclists. There are even more footpaths for walking holidays from one end of the country to the other, like Offa’s Dyke Footpath on the lovely borders of England and Wales. For more adventures, there are plenty of places for horse riding and canoeing as well as hang-gliding, paragliding and ballooning.

    4     Britain has a great network of canals, a lot of them going through spectacular countryside. Another relaxed option is to go on one of Britain's many steam railways like the Seven Valley Railway or the Snowdown Railway which goes up the highest mountain in Wales. Just sit back and enjoy it!

A．For example, you can go on a cycling holiday.

B．However, not everything about British transport is as it used to be fifty years ago.

C．Nevertheless, there is one road in London, where you have to drive on the right!

D．And even though we invented the railways, our train network is not in a terribly good state.

E．If you want something a bit safer and less energetic, go on a narrow boat.

F．To sum up, Britain is a country that puts traditional and modern elements together.

7 . When most people go to the famous amusement parks in Orlando, Florida, they miss some of the natural wonders the State has to offer. It was in Citrus County on the beautiful west coast of Florida that we went to see the manatee (海牛), which occupies coastal waters and rivers.

Our days started early in the morning at Homosassa Springs. We boarded a boat with Captain Traci Wood from Native Vacations. Having spotted two manatees just below the water, Captain Traci stopped the boat as they slowly swam toward us. They used their tails to drive themselves, steering with their flippers(脚蹼), gracefully moving their bodies through the water in our direction. Our boat was soon surrounded by other members of this gentle species.

Soon we continued our journey. Within a few minutes Captain Traci stopped the boat again and we were given instructions. Whatever you do, she said, remember the three golden rules: minimize splash (拍水) noise; act with very slow movements; and when you touch one of these friendly, gentle grey giants on the back or stomach, never touch with more than one hand at a time. The Endangered Species Act forbids touching a manatee unless it touches you first, and they will let you know. The protection of this endangered species is taken very seriously. But this won’t affect the experience in the least. Most Homosassa manatees are very social and will come to you.

Manatees feed strictly on plants, and they eat a great variety of species, including hyacinth and water lettuce. They’re very big, measuring 3 to 5 metres and weighing as much as 1,600 kilos. Despite this, they look very cute. Manatees are of course wild creatures, although when face to face with them, you’re unlikely to feel any fear.

From December to March, groups of manatees escape the cold winter ocean and bathe in the warm waters near power plants and coastal springs that stay about 23 degrees year-round. Divers and swimmers come to Florida from all over the world for a chance to swim or interact with the manatee in its natural environment, rich in marine vegetation. This rich source of food makes this area an ideal place for the manatees. So the manatees arrive every year by the hundreds to find warmth, nourishment(营养) and maybe, just maybe, to visit us, the curious humans.

1. According to Captain Traci, those who swim with manatees mustn’t________.

A．be under the age of twelve	B．make any noise to annoy them
C．swim so slowly as to be caught by them	D．touch them with both hands at the same time

2. What can be learned about manatees from the passage?

A．They live on other sea animals.	B．They are not dangerous to humans.
C．They remain curious about humans.	D．They are among the biggest sea animals.

3. Why do manatees come to Florida every year?

A．To stay away from the cold weather.	B．To interact with human beings.
C．To give birth to their babies.	D．To clean their bodies.

8 . Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Culture Shock in Paris

Before arriving in Paris, Wu Shuyun, a 56-year-old Chinese housewife, imagined the French capital to be like a film set for a romantic love story,     1    (picture) herself as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians.

Not anymore once she was actually in the city. Instead, Ms. Wu said she was shocked by the cigarette butts and dog poop, and the indifference of the locals. Though friends     2    (warn) her about thieves targeting Chinese people, she said she was surprised when a member of her tour group was robbed on a crowded Metro train, as other riders     3    (watch).

“For the Chinese, France has always been romantic, mysterious and desirable,” Ms. Wu said after a two-week tour. “    4     I realized that the Parisians were indifferent, I made a decision: try to make the most of the trip, but never come back to Paris again.”

Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists     5    (shake) by disappointment were at risk of Paris Syndrome(巴黎综合症). It is a condition during     6     foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy images of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are destroyed by the stresses of Paris.

The expression was coined 30 years ago by a Paris-based Japanese doctor, Hiroaki Ota, after several Japanese visitors to Paris fell ill when their culture of politeness and reserve     7    (meet) with French arrogance.

Thomas Deschamps, the head of research at the Paris Tourism Office, said culture shock was particularly common among travelers from Asia,     8     sometimes wrongly regarded the French capital as a museum.

“They watch movies like Amelie. They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,” Thomas said. “They don’t know about the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters, and other     9    (pleasant) parts of the city. Paris is not a museum. People are busy. They are stressed and living their lives.”

    10    (help) protect Chinese tourists, the tourism industry has made efforts to be more culturally sensitive. An online guide for hotels and businesses notes that for serving Chinese visitors, “a simple smile and hello in their language will naturally please them.”

9 . At Cleveland Bridge, in Bath, a long line of traffic is building up. Although the Georgian structure was praised for its handsome Greek Revival style by Nikolaus Pevsner, an architectural master, it was built for horses, not cars. Repairs will close the bridge for several months, causing bigger jams and more pollution in a city where air quality is already a cause of concern.

Bath is an extreme example of a tradeoff faced by much of the country. Britain has the oldest housing stock in Europe, with one in five homes more than 100 years old. Period features are prized and often protected by law. Yet as efforts to cut carbon emissions intensify, they are clashing with attempts to preserve heritage. It is a “delicate balance” says Wera Hobhouse, Bath’s MP “What is the public benefit of dealing with the climate emergency, versus protecting a heritage asset?”

Two years ago, Bath was among the first British cities to declare a “climate emergency” when it also promised to go carbon-neutral by 2030. Yet Bath also wants-and is legally required to preserve its heritage. With Roman remains and Georgian streets that spread across the Avon Valley in shades of honey and butter, the city is designated a world heritage site by UNESCO. About 60% of it is further protected by the government as a conservation area, more than 5.000 of Bath’s buildings-nearly 10% of the total-are listed as being of special architectural or historical interest, making it a criminal offence to alter them without permission.

Many of the features that make Bath’s Georgian buildings so delicate also make them leaky. Buildings of traditional construction make up 30% of Bath’s housing stock but account for 40% of domestic carbon emissions, according to the Centre for Sustainable Energy, a charity. British homes are rated for energy efficiency on a scale from A to G; most traditional buildings in the city are an F or G.

Transport is another area where climate and heritage clash. Bath’s 17t-century streets lack room for bike lanes. Joanna Wright was recently booted out of her role as Bath’s climate chief after proposing that North Road, which leads to the university, should be closed to traffic. In two years she was unable to install any on-street electric-vehicle charging points, partly because of the “nightmare" of getting permission to dig up old pavements.

All this means going carbon neutral by 2030 looks hard, but the city is at least beginning to make compromises. In March it launched the first “clean-air zone” outside London, charging drivers to enter central Bath. A trial has made 160 electric motoreycles available to hire. And local opinion seems to be shifting in favour of sustainability. “The discussion has moved dramatically towards considering the climate emergency,” says Ms. Hobhouse.

1. What problem does Bath face?

A．It is getting more and more crowded due to the repairs that are under way.

B．Its historical significance makes it hard to reform it into an eco-friendly city.

C．It refuses to admit that the climate emergency is already a cause of concern.

D．Its promise to go carbon-neutral by 2030 wins no support from the city residents.

2. The percentage mentioned in the underlined sentence (paragraph 4) is intended to _________.

A．question the validity of the A-G scale

B．highlight the long history of Bath’s buildings

C．emphasize the buildings are not energy efficient

D．illustrate the features that Bath’s buildings share

3. It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that Joanna Wright _________.

A．failed to perform her duties well

B．managed to dig up some old pavements

C．succeeded in building bike lanes in Bath

D．removed charging points from Bath’s streets

4. What can be inferred from the passage?

A．Wera Hobhouse doesn’t care much about the public benefit.

B．Traditional buildings in Bath are not accessible to tourists now.

C．Local people in Bath used to favour heritage over sustainability.

D．Bath has been leading the way in constructing a carbon-neutral city.

10 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Wintry Scenes from a Swedish Wonderland

I always give the same advice to ambitious photographers: Wherever home is, that’s where you should begin. Having lived and worked everywhere but in Sweden for most of my life, I was terrible at following it myself. For me, Sweden has always been a place to relax and spend time with family. I’ve never explored it in the same way I’ve explored destinations like Zambia     1     now.

With all of my foreign trips     2     (cancel) this year, I decided to travel north from my home near Stockholm. What began as a two-week trip quickly turned into journeys     3    , both starting and finishing in midwinter, lasted the entire year.

Climate change doesn’t have any impact on the length of our daylight. And yet,     4     (lie) on the back staring up at the magical light show of the aurora borealis (北极光), I hardly minded the lack of daylight. Instead,     5     caught my attention was the fascinating beauty of the white, frozen landscapes and the endless shades of blue.

But Johan Stenevad, my host at Lapland Guesthouse, showed me     6     else. One day, on a snowmobile path lined with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked me what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A forest.”

He shook his head. “Not a forest, just a plantation. Soon, this is what     7     (leave).” he said. For over half a century now, the ancient forests that once seemed endless continue     8     (cut) down. The Sami that live mainly in the northern areas     9     (face) an existential crisis. Their lives and culture are closely linked to the ancient forests and the reindeer (驯鹿) there. The slow growing lichen (地衣) and mushrooms upon which the reindeer depend for survival are not found in plantations. So, the death of one     10     mean the death of the other, and an uncertain future for an entire people.

We are not visitors in nature and it’s essential for our own survival as well as that of the natural world.