| A．Keep his body clean. |
| B．Take him for a walk. |
| C．Provide food and water. |
2 . Forfar Marine (海洋的) Science Program
Live on beachfront property, study on the clear Caribbean waters, and earn your certifications during a marine science program through the nonprofit International Field Studies (IFS). Forfar Field Station, located on Andros, Bahamas, has been home to unique field study experiences for students since 1970 and IFS is happy to use the past 50 years of experience to support our program designed to give young adults a professional and academic experience of a lifetime. Students will join in lecture-based activities and journeys throughout the island as they explore the wonders of Andros.
Program Overview
Our program will allow students to conduct real-life marine-based field studies with an introduction to ecotourism and the Bahamian culture. We will also explore how climate change is specifically affecting the ecosystem on the island. Students will take classes from our qualified staff of Environmental Educators and Certified Instructors while enjoying hands-on labs and exploring the ocean, blue holes, and unique island ecology of Andros. As a recent college graduate or post-high school student taking a gap year, this experience is sure to help you stand out as you start your career path.
Program Details
Ages: 18 — 24 years old
Length: about 6 weeks
Fall Group: October 27 — December 5, 2022
Application Deadline Extended: September 27th
Winter Group: January 17 — February 25, 2023
Application Deadline Extended: October 31st
Summer Group (shortened program): May 30 — July 1, 2023
Application Deadline Extended: February 20th
Pricing:
Fall/Winter Groups: $5,500
Summer Group: $4,700
Discounted rates for Bahamian residents available. Please note interest on your application.
Focus: Marine Science, Coastal Ecotourism, Island Ecology, Climate Change, Diving, and Sea Kayaking.
Certifications you’ll receive: PADI Open Water Diver, PADI Advanced Open Water Diver PADI Rescue Diver, etc. (PADI is the world’s leading scuba diver training organization.)
1. When may you submit an application if you are interested in Fall Group?| A．On September 15th, 2022. | B．On September 30th, 2022. |
| C．On October 1st, 2022. | D．On October 10th, 2022. |
| A．They may become a member of staff at PADI. |
| B．They may go on a free tour on the Bahamas. |
| C．They will get diving-related certificates. |
| D．They will be paid very well. |
| A．It lasts for six weeks in each season. | B．It takes place on Andros, Bahamas. |
| C．It is open to primary school students. | D．It features marine and food science. |
3 . Cheap and even free volunteering programs are everywhere. Don’t worry about a budget that may stop you from volunteering abroad! Kindred Spirit Elephant Sanctuary (保护区) is the right place for you.
Highlights
Volunteer with elephants and bring them back into their natural habitat.
Make a difference in the conservation efforts to save elephants living under awful conditions.
Help teach English to the communities and raise awareness about the captive (圈养的) elephant situation.
Wander the forests and observe elephant’s natural behaviours in their home environment.
Our Sanctuary
Our sanctuary has rescued 5 elephants from the tourism industry and we have now brought them home to live out their lives in the forest, in semi-wild conditions. We need volunteers to help us keep these elephants happy and healthy in their natural habitat. With volunteer support. we hope to return more elephants to the forest soon.
Your tasks
Performing research on the natural elephant behaviours and the surrounding forest.
Taking part in community projects such as teaching English at the school and to other locals.
Carrying out litter pick-ups with the kids to educate on waste management.
Your Rough Schedule:
Day 1: Pickup from Chiang Mai at 9 am. Travel through a national park and stunning mountains until you arrive in our unique village. Meet your homestay family and the other volunteers, and immerse yourself in hill tribe culture.
Day 2: Wake up early to hike in the forest and find our elephants. Spend the morning recording and learning about these amazing animals and their natural behaviours. Return to the village in the late afternoon and take part in our community & teaching projects.
Day 3: Another early start to like to observe our elephants one last time. Return to Chiang Mai in the afternoon.
1. Which of the following highlights the volunteer work at the sanctuary?| A．Looking after captive elephants. |
| B．Seeking elephants in natural forests. |
| C．Learning local communities’ folk arts. |
| D．Saving elephants in poor environment. |
| A．Establish experimental bases. |
| B．Promote educational programs. |
| C．Enhance cultural exchange. |
| D．Start anti-poverty projects. |
| A．You should have good ability of hiking. |
| B．You can choose your own transportation. |
| C．You may camp on the mountain for days. |
| D．You must be familiar with local languages. |
4 . 
Endangered Species Youth Art Contest
2023 Contest Now Open!
Join us for our 6th annual Endangered Species Youth Art Contest! In celebration of Endangered Species Day (May 19, 2023), Roger Williams Park Zoo is accepting art entries from local K-12 grade students in the New England area showing threatened and endangered species. Together we hope to raise awareness about the importance of saving endangered species and their wild habitats.
Winners will be formally announced by May 2023.
Rules & Art Submission Instructions:
▲All entries are to be submitted electronically. Web form will be made available beginning February 1,2023.
▲Students’ artworks must be original. Computer-produced images will NOTbe judged.
▲All artworks must be about threatened/endangered species.
▲Each art entry must also include a short explanation (3-5 sentences) as to why saving your chosen species from extinction is important.
Deadline: Entries must be received by Sunday, April 2,2023. Late entries will not be judged.
2023 Art Contest Prizes
GRAND PRIZE(Judges Choice)
▲One Family RWPZoo membership (a S149 value; or extra year added to current Zoo membership)
▲An adopt-an-animal package of your choice
▲One $100 gift card
GRADE CATEGORY WINNERS (Grades K-2, Grades 3-12)
Each grade-winner shall receive:
★Six General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
★One $25 gift card
HONORABLE MENTIONS (Grades K-2,Grades 3-12)
Each grade-honorable mention shall receive:
·Four General daytime admission tickets to RWPZoo
·An award certificate
All winning artworks will be highlighted on the Zoo’s website and social media pages, and in the Zoo’s summer WILD Magazine issue.
1. How can you submit your artwork?| A．By sending it in an envelope. |
| B．By turning it in on the website. |
| C．By handing it to the zoo in person. |
| D．By having it delivered to the judges. |
| A．The habitats of threatened and endangered species. |
| B．The relationship between humans and endangered species. |
| C．The measures to protect endangered species. |
| D．The reason of protecting your targeted species. |
| A．A choice to adopt an animal. |
| B．A S25 worth of gift card to the zoo. |
| C．An exhibition of the artwork all year round. |
| D．Six tickets to RWPZoo for general daily time admission. |
1. Who might Mary Locke be?
| A．A news reporter. | B．A plane designer. | C．A fire ranger. |
| A．From a river. | B．From a lake. | C．From the Fire Center. |
| A．Dangerous. | B．Exciting. | C．Extraordinary. |
| A．The plane’s tanks hold no more than 5,000 liters of water. |
| B．The fire rangers should keep the plane away from the fire. |
| C．The crew has to drop water 20 times to put out the fire. |
6 . As Ruslan and his friend fished, they suddenly spotted three creatures in the water. It was a mother bear and her two cubs, swimming along trying to cross the lake. “This in itself was not an unusual sight, as bears are extremely common in the Russian wilderness,” said Ruslan.
But soon the men realized something was not right. As the mother swam confidently toward one of the islands, her cubs were starting to struggle. Ruslan and his friend could not believe what they were seeing. The two fishermen were faced with the very real possibility of watching the young bears drown. It was something they couldn’t allow to happen. Ruslan didn’t want to approach the cubs while their mother was still within reach, fearing she might turn around and attack them and their boat. But as the seconds ticked along, he and his friend watched the cubs become more desperate. Finally he decided that when the mother was at a safe distance, they sailed toward the cubs, slowly not to frighten them. To their amazement, it seemed as though the young bears knew this was a lifeline.
The cubs swam close enough to the boat to put their paws on the side. But they kept slipping as they couldn’t get a strong hold to pull themselves onto the boat. The men decided to use their fishing net to help pull the cubs onto the boat. But it would not be easy—two totally wet bear cubs were infinitely heavier than the fish the net was designed to hold.
But this was their best chance, so they had to try. Ruslan jumped into the water while his friend took the net and slowly slid it under the cubs, hoping to pull them up. The cubs turned toward the men and looked straight at them, seemingly acknowledging their efforts to help. Then, an incredible thing happened. The cubs made it onto the boat at last.
1. How did Ruslan feel when he came across three bears swimming across the lake?| A．Unusual. | B．Overjoyed. | C．Desperate. | D．Unsurprised. |
| A．Because there is a risk of drowning. |
| B．Because the cubs were still within reach. |
| C．Because they were concerned for their safety. |
| D．Because the cubs had only a slim chance of survival. |
| A．The cubs were too heavy to be pulled up. |
| B．The cubs made it onto the boat by themselves. |
| C．The drowning cubs were saved with the fishing net. |
| D．The two fishermen jumped into the water to help the cubs. |
| A．Modest and cautious. | B．Dedicated and mature. |
| C．Greedy and patient. | D．Caring and courageous. |
7 . A new study suggests that smoke from wildfires can change how clouds store water and could lead to less rainfall. The research comes as western parts of the United States are currently experiencing drought conditions after several years of intense wildfire activity.
Clouds contain a collection of water droplets (微滴) that form from vapor in the atmosphere. When these droplets condense (凝结) onto each other within a cloud，they become heavier and eventually fall as rain. But the water condensation process requires a solid substance for the vapor to attach to. Different kinds of particles rising up from the Earth’s surface can reach clouds and make this process possible.
The new study found that smoke from wildfires contains small particles that affect the way droplets form in clouds. The main effect was the number of water droplets formed. The team reported that smoky clouds contained about five times the number of droplets as non-smoky clouds. But data also showed that the droplets in smoky clouds were much smaller, about half the size of those in the clouds without wildfire smoke.
It is that size difference, the researchers say, that could reduce the amount of rainfall. This is because small droplets are less likely to grow and eventually fall to the ground as rain. “Because of their small droplet sizes, these smoky clouds are expected to reflect more light and produce less rain than clouds in clean air,” the study states.
The findings could mean that active wildfire seasons in the western U. S. may in fact lead to less rain and more drought, the researchers said. “We were surprised at how effective these primarily organic particles were at forming cloud droplets and what large impacts they had on the microphysics (微观物理) of the clouds,” said Cynthia Twohy, leader of the new study.
Twohy also noted that different kinds of clouds behave differently. The current study examined changes in small cumulus clouds. Other kinds that sit much higher in the atmosphere can cause heavy storms, she said. Twohy added, “I am hoping these results will lead to detailed regional modeling studies that will help us understand the actual impact of smoke on clouds and climate.”
1. Why did the researchers conduct the study?| A．They aren’t sure how water droplets form from vapor. |
| B．There is a great climate change in America. |
| C．The US has serious drought after wildfires. |
| D．They wonder how smoky clouds appear. |
| A．They tend to reflect more light. |
| B．They often have lower temperatures than others. |
| C．They contain more droplets which are larger in size. |
| D．They have fewer particles for the vapor to attach to. |
| A．Less rainfall. |
| B．Much cooler weather. |
| C．Fewer windy days. |
| D．More storms. |
| A．There are many reasons for the US drought. |
| B．Wildfire smoke can make clouds produce less rain. |
| C．Organic particles play an important role in forming clouds. |
| D．Humans have to face the serious consequences of wildfires. |
| A．Sunny. | B．Snowy. | C．Rainy. |
Yunnan is the hometown of tea. It provides the ideal climate and the ecological environment for large-leaf tea trees, which are located in the
Other
Yunnan has diverse resources of tea trees. The regulation also advocates proper research and
10 . In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christian-sen became puzzled about something that, strangely, had not troubled anyone before he couldn’t find the park’s volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that is what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christian-sen couldn’t find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which were created when erupting magma(岩浆)piled up. These can form remarkably quickly. One day in 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile-across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn’t involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera(火山口).Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christian-sen couldn’t find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up(放大的照片)for one of the visitors’ centers. As soon as Christian-sen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park—2.2 million acres -was a caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across-much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
1. What does the underlined word “its” in paragraph 1 refer to?| A．The ground. | B．The nature. |
| C．The volcano. | D．The park. |
| A．A single big crack was forming there. | B．Someone was burning stalks there. |
| C．A volcano was erupting underneath. | D．There were some hot springs there. |
| A．By looking at the photographs. | B．By analyzing its steamy features. |
| C．By researching historical documents. | D．By using some advanced equipment. |
| A．Its level is much higher than the surrounding areas. |
| B．The volcano in it involved mountain building. |
| C．It is a large hole left by the explosion. |
| D．Its shape is much like a cone. |
