1 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I picked out Misty at a pound. “He’s going to be put to sleep in two days,” the assistant told me, sighing. “Nobody wants him — everyone says he’s ugly.” I looked into Misty’s eyes. “I’ll take him,” I said, and Misty came to live with me.

Misty was a very adorable cat - my lap was his favorite spot in the world. “How’s my boy this morning?” I asked him every day, and he’d meow back.

When I noticed he was having problems chewing, I took him to the vet (兽医). He had to have two teeth out. The bill rocked me — my income was pitiful. “Please don’t get sick anymore, Misty,” I begged.

But just six months later, Misty began meowing in pain. My heart sank. “Misty’s got bladder (膀胱) stones”, the vet said. “The surgery for that is ＄1000.” “Is there any alternative?” I asked desperately. “You could have him put down”, she said. I took Misty home. I couldn’t put him to sleep. But the vet bills had ruined my savings.

That afternoon, I let Misty out for a few minutes as always. Hearing him meow in pain, I felt terrible. “I have to do something,” I scolded myself. But when I called him, he didn’t come. “Oh no!” I searched the streets but couldn’t find him. I printed out Missing Cat posters and I cried each time I taped one to a tree. But nobody called. Misty had disappeared.

Three months witnessed my countless tears. I just had to assume Misty was dead. If he hadn’t been run over or died of starvation, those bladder stones would have taken their toll. The few extra dollars in my bank account didn’t compensate for the sadness I felt.

Then one day, I received a call from an elderly woman saying she had one cat seeming to match my poster. I rushed to her place.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

From her glossy (有光泽的) coat, I was sure Misty had had far better medical care.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

“Is that really Misty?” she asked again, a slim of sadness flashing over her face.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Terry Townshend is an ecologist from the UK. In late October, he climbed to the roof of a building to check out a hand-sized recording device     1    (lay) there to catch the sounds of migratory birds (候鸟) at Beijing’s Olympic Park. Every two weeks, he came here to collect data and share it     2     universities’ research centres for this year’s bird tracking study.

As a birdwatcher     3     has lived in Beijing for over a decade, Townshend founded a website     4     formed a group for fellow enthusiasts. He works to raise environmental     5    (aware) among people to help save some of China’s most endangered birds, initiating projects to track some of Beijing’s celebrated birds.

Though observing the migratory birds in Beijing    6    (be) one of Townshend’s main activities now, his bond with China was established twelve years ago. At that time, the non-governmental organization Townshend once worked with was invited by the Chinese government     7    (cooperate) in boosting support for China’s general environmental laws on climate change. As the project leader, Townshend came to-China for the first time. After getting to know the country, he decided to stay here for     8    (far) research.

“China     9    (value) the recovery of nature in past decades. With the efforts to carry out various targeted protections toward nature,     10     future looks bright for China’s biodiversity. ”Townshend said.

3 . As an intense heat wave sweeps through China, residents are seeking relief in air raid shelters and swimming pools to stay cool, and dozens of cities, including Shanghai, Chongqing and Hangzhou, have issued their highest-level red alert warnings. Shanghai has issued three red alerts this year, with the temperature hitting 40.9 Celsius on July 13, matching the record set in 2017 since 1873. The fact that Shanghai has experienced only 16 days of 40°C-plus temperatures since the city began keeping records in 1873 should give us an idea about the seriousness of the situation.

Medical experts say extreme heat could cause nausea (恶心), fatigue, sunstroke and even death, with senior citizens and people with long-term illnesses particularly vulnerable to heat waves.

Extreme heat events, which began a month ago, have affected the lives of more than 900 million people in China. Between June 1 and July 12, the average number of days with temperatures above 35°Cwas 5.3, up 2.4 days over normal years, breaking the national record set in 1961, according to the National Climate Center.

Parts of Europe are also in the grip of heat waves and experiencing extreme weather events after the western part of North America faced extreme heat waves last year. In response to the exceptionally high temperatures, the United Kingdom has declared a national emergency and issued the highest-level red alert warning for Monday and Tuesday for the first time. More alarmingly, the average global temperature in June this year was 0.4°C higher than normal years and the highest since 1979, with temperatures in countries such as Spain, France and Italy exceeding 40°C.

Unfortunately, extreme heat, which is directly related to climate change, will become more frequent and intense in the next 30 years, setting new records for high temperatures. As global warming intensifies, losses and devastation will increase, forcing natural and human systems to raise their adaptation limits.

1. What can we know about the heat waves this year?

A．It may cause more harm to the old and people with long-term illnesses.

B．The number of days above 35°Cin June breaks the national record.

C．Shanghai has experienced a higher temperature than that in 2017.

D．The whole Europe as well as America are suffering from the heat waves.

2. How does the author develop the text?

A．By analyzing and concluding.	B．By explaining and contrasting.
C．By giving examples and quoting.	D．By giving figures and comparing.

3. According to the writer, what is the trend of extreme heat?

A．Becoming more serious.	B．Remaining stable.
C．Staying unpredictable.	D．Getting controllable.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The solutions to the climate change.	B．The economic losses from heat waves.
C．The increase of severe heat waves.	D．The destructive effect of global warming.

4 . Poison frogs across Central and South America display some of the brightest colors in the animal kingdom. The way such creatures evolved to be just colorful enough to signal their toxic (有毒的) defense-but not so colorful that they become vulnerable to predators (捕食者) — has long been a grey area for scientists. Initially, predators would not have known that bright colors signal toxicity, and therefore would have eaten, and then become ill-these easily-spotted few members of a species with the colorful mutation (突变). In theory, this should make it virtually impossible for the aposematic (防护色的) pioneers to pass on their genes to their offspring, allowing for the mutation to take hold in the population.

To get to the bottom of this dilemma, Karl Loeffler Henry, a researcher at Carleton University launched the new study. Loeffler Henry’s team pored over data from the family trees of 1,100 species of frogs, newts and salamanders, and categorized them into one of five groups. On one end of range are the creatures with bright blues, yellows and reds. On the other are species that blend in perfectly with their surroundings. Between these poles, the scientists place species with camouflaged (伪装的) tops and colorful bottoms in various degrees. These tend to display their dramatic halves only when trying to defend themselves from predators.

The team used nine different computer models to test the potential evolutionary routes the species in the bright aposematic group might have taken to evolve this way. In the end, the researchers realized that they all kind of followed a similar pattern, evolving from species in the middle of that range, those whose colors are hidden unless in danger.

There have also been other theories proposed, but this new theory presents a mechanism that is likely to play a role in the evolution of anti-predator defense in various prey groups and a wide range of different predators. Possibly, it might inspire the exploration of evolution of warning coloration in other animal groups as well.

1. What remained unclear to scientists in the past?

A．How the proper shades of the colors are evolved.

B．How these creatures signal their toxic defence.

C．Which colors are better at scaring predators away.

D．Which creatures are at higher risk of being eaten.

2. What do the underlined words “this dilemma” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The predators clearly knew about the toxicity but still feed on them.

B．The first colorful members have bright colors but can avoid predators.

C．The first colorful members were eaten but the mutation was passed on.

D．The predators became seriously ill but their population continued to boom.

3. What do we know about the new study?

A．The colors of all those species were either bright or grey.

B．The aposematic group evolved by following nine routes.

C．The researchers observed these different species in the wild.

D．The origin of the evolution turned out to be the hidden colors.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A．Other theories of the evolution.	B．Other animals’ evolution routes.
C．The drawbacks of the study.	D．The significance of the study.

5 . My 5-year-old daughter Kai walked around a bus stop, picking up candy wrappers and plastic bottles and throwing them in the waste bin. We were a visiting family here, but she was cleaning the sidewalk, which didn’t shock me, nor was I _________ when strangers looked at us.

Our cleanup project began when we drove past an empty field one day and Kai _________ the field was covered by _________ balloons. We had read about how animals could _________ balloons for food. “Stop,” Kai said, and I _________. Surprisingly, we found the field was full of much trash _________ the balloons. “Can we come back and clean it?” Kai asked. Then each Friday, we returned to have a(n) _________ cleaning.

However, it seems we can never _________ the trash completely. I feel something close to _________! Why are we making kids clean up our __________? It has everything to do with the planet we adults are leaving for kids. Plastic pollution is globally distributed and microplastics have even been discovered in human blood. It is not a __________ story that we have created trash but our next generation cleans up them.

Now Kai hopes to become a marine biologist to protect sharks one day. She still has many years to __________, if adults get serious about solving plastic pollution. We shouldn’t leave our next generation a __________ planet and expect them to save it.

The last time our family was at the beach, we still picked up plastic bottles. Most __________, though, we saw an octopus (章鱼) playing around our feet, a __________ of a harmonious habitat worth protecting.

1.

A．embarrassed

B．discouraged

C．concerned

D．frightened

2.

A．apologized

B．confirmed

C．spotted

D．explained

3.

A．loose

B．magic

C．processed

D．abandoned

4.

A．trade

B．mistake

C．replace

D．change

5.

A．pulled over

B．blew up

C．turned down

D．gave in

6.

A．due to

B．ahead of

C．other than

D．instead of

7.

A．official

B．serious

C．optional

D．regular

8.

A．deliver

B．remove

C．track

D．produce

9.

A．stress

B．comfort

C．anger

D．pride

10.

A．mess

B．platform

C．court

D．house

11.

A．scary

B．pleasant

C．historic

D．real

12.

A．decide

B．struggle

C．survive

D．contribute

13.

A．safe

B．giant

C．distant

D．sick

14.

A．personally

B．memorably

C．technically

D．universally

15.

A．promise

B．threat

C．reminder

D．favor

6 . For thousands of years, Chinese writers have travelled all over the country to take down notes about the geographical conditions of each city. Among them, well-known Chinese geographer and writer Li Daoyuan, in the Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), composed his book, Commentary on the Water Classics, after studying the original literary version, Water Classics. He later expanded the river records to 1, 252 from the original 137.

The book is now being studied again by Professor Li Xiaojie and his team from Fudan University. They have been using drawing software and 3D modelling to recreate the waterway situations on a map based on the book description. So far, they have completed research on four rivers.

“Ancient people knew really well how to apply the power of nature to technical considerations,”Li said, giving the example of Qianjin’e, one of the most famous ancient water conservation projects in Luoyang, Henan. In order to lead the river into the city for irrigation (灌溉) in ancient Luoyang, the officials built a canal branch by separating a northwest-southeast river. However, the canal water wasn't enough to support the citizens in dry seasons. To solve that, on the northern side of the canal branch, the officials built a reservoir (水库) and a channel to lead the water to the canal branch, where the waterways would converge and flow together to the city.

In Commentary on the Water Classics, a total of 2, 800 cities are recorded with details. Still, the process of recreation takes much effort. After doing a lot of text analysis and fieldwork, the team has gradually created the model with 3D modelling software based on repeated deductions (推论).

For Professor Li, the book is not only a record of the natural landscape over 1, 000 years ago, but also a detailed description of humanity and culture and a treasure for today’s reference.

1. What can we learn about the book Commentary on the Water Classics?

A．It has been out of date.	B．It explains 3D modelling.
C．It keeps records of 137 rivers.	D．It is based on previous studies.

2. What does the underlined word “converge” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Join.

B．Pass.

C．Cross.

D．Begin.

3. What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about model recreation?

A．Its major problems.	B．Its detailed analysis.
C．Its complex process.	D．Its successful application.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．3D Technology Fuels Modern Research

B．Ancient Classics Inspire Modern Research

C．An Effective Approach to Model Recreation

D．A Famous Writer of Chinese Ancient Classics

7 . Crows (乌鸦) are undeniably intelligent. From making tools to holding hatred, crows have been surprising the scientific community with their skillset. In fact, a study once published in the journal Current Biology found “the crow brain is the same relative size as the chimpanzee (大猩猩) brain”.

Now, a study published in Science Advances finds crows understand what is known as recursion (递归). Prior to this study, recursion was believed to be unique to humans.

“We were interested in the ability to represent recursive structures—defined here as having elements be put within other similar elements,” Diana Liao said, who is the study’s first author. Liao says it was surprising to discover crows “were able to know the underlying recursive structure of the orders” upon first exposure. This makes the birds similar to humans, who are able to extract patterns with little experience. “Recursion is thought to be a key feature of human symbolic systems such as language or mathematics—and since these are thought to be unique to humans—there’s been interest in whether non-human animals can grasp and generate recursive structures,” says Liao.

What exactly is recursion? Liao explains: “A classic example sentence is ‘the mouse the cat caught ran’ where the clause the cat caught’ is within the clause’ the mouse who ran’. These complex structures are found in human languages but not in animal communication systems which suggest that recursion might be what separates them.”

The findings of this study are significant since they show recursive ability in animals that are not closely related to chimpanzees. “This suggests that this ability is either very evolutionarily (进化) ancient or that is a product of convergent evolution,” says Liao. “Also, it would propose that certain brain structures are not necessary to support this ability since birds have a dramatically different neural architecture.”

Liao says scientists know crows are smart but the extent of their intelligence is really unexpected. “Everyone has the impression that crows are super smart but I simply didn’t know just how intelligent they are.”

1. What is the finding of the new study?

A．Crows can make tools.

B．Crows understand recursion.

C．Crows can create special patterns.

D．Crows and chimpanzees are of a brain size.

2. Which structure can show Crows’ special ability?

A．I bought a book	B．My book was missing.
C．The book I bought was missing.	D．My book was missing and I bought one.

3. What impressed Diana Liao?

A．Crows’ intelligence level.	B．Crows’ body structure.
C．The reason for Crows’s martness.	D．people’s impression of crows.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Crows Are Humans’ close Relatives

B．Crows Are Found the cleverest Bird

C．Crows Have the Ability to Learn to speak

D．Crows Have a Human-like Grammar skill

8 . Sammie Vance approached her principal at Haley Elementary with the idea of installing “buddy benches” into her school playground to help others feel less lonely. The principal _________ of the idea. But wooden benches are _________. Just one would be worth nearly a thousand dollars. However, a bench made of _________ bottle caps would only be around $250. So Sammie _________ others in her community to collect enough caps to make one bench. _________, she managed to get bottle caps from 50 states. And thus, the initiative of “Sammie’s Buddy Bench Project” was _________.

Pretty soon, Sammie’s Buddy Bench Project began commanding the _________ of several news media. For her amazing efforts, Sammie has been chosen the receiver of several _________ and was _________ one of People magazine’s “Girls Changing the World”. And __________, more than 200 bottle cap buddy benches have been around at schools and parks across the country, plus Mexico and Australia.

This is, of course, not just a beautiful story about helping others. It’s also a major win for __________. It is reported that 1.3 billion bottle caps are used each year. These caps cannot be recycled in the same way along with plastic bottles __________ each has a different melting point, and when they are __________ in, it can ruin an entire batch (一批). And that’s when they get discarded. Millions of caps have been found in our __________ alone, which can be devastating to marine life. In fact, it’s one of the leading __________ of death. It’s big caring hearts like Sammie’s that help our planet heal against damage.

1.

A．complained

B．allowed

C．approved

D．spoke

2.

A．costly

B．heavy

C．productive

D．valueless

3.

A．reviewed

B．recreated

C．removed

D．recycled

4.

A．kept track of

B．reached out to

C．sang high praises for

D．got rid of

5.

A．Unfortunately

B．Accordingly

C．Apparently

D．Eventually

6.

A．born

B．promoted

C．obtained

D．commented

7.

A．attraction

B．attention

C．acceptance

D．admission

8.

A．campaigns

B．contests

C．assemblies

D．awards

9.

A．nicknamed

B．introduced

C．defined

D．named

10.

A．the other day

B．to date

C．by then

D．until recently

11.

A．sustainability

B．changeability

C．adaptability

D．visibility

12.

A．though

B．as

C．if

D．when

13.

A．combined

B．mixed

C．involved

D．fitted

14.

A．fields

B．walls

C．oceans

D．rains

15.

A．explanations

B．questions

C．ways

D．causes

9 . Birders get nervous when they see landscapes covered in wind turbines (涡轮机). When the wind gets going, their blades (叶片) can turn around at well over 200km per hour. It is easy to imagine careless birds getting cut into pieces and wind turbines do indeed kill at least some birds. But a new analysis of American data suggests the numbers are negligible, and have little impact on bird populations.

Erik Katovich, an economist at the University of Geneva, made use of the Christmas BirdCount, a citizen-science project run by the National Audubon Society. Volunteers count birds they spot over Christmas, and the society gathers the numbers. He assumed, reasonably, that if wind turbines harmed bird populations, the numbers seen in the Christmas Bird Count would drop in places where new turbines had been built. Combining bird population and species maps with the locations and construction dates of all wind turbines, he found building turbines had no noticeable effect on bird populations.

Instead of limiting his analysis to wind power alone, he also examined oil-and-gas extraction (开采), which has boomed in America over the past couple of decades. Comparing bird populations to the locations of new gas wells revealed an average 15% drop in bird numbers when new wells were drilled, probably due to a combination of noise, air pollution and the disturbance of rivers and ponds that many birds rely upon. When drilling happened in migration centers, feeding grounds or breeding locations, bird numbers instead dropped by 25%.

Wind power, in other words, not only produces far less planet-heating carbon dioxide and methane than do fossil fuels. It appears to be significantly less damaging to wildlife, too. Yet that is not the impression you would get from reading the news. Dr Katovich found 173 stories in major American news media reporting the supposed negative effects that wind turbines had on birds in 2020, compared with only 46 stories discussing the effects of oil-and-gas wells.

1. What does the underlined word“negligible”in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Insignificant.

B．Inaccurate.

C．Inconsistent.

D．Indefinite.

2. What is Dr Katovich's conclusion based on?

A．Previous studies.	B．Relevant data.
C．Reasonable prediction.	D．Experiment results.

3. What message does paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?

A．Oil-and-gas extraction has expanded in America.

B．Birds are heavily dependent on rivers and ponds.

C．Many factors lead to the decline of bird populations.

D．Well drilling poses a serious threat to birds' survival.

4. Which of the following may Dr Katovich agree with?

A．Wind turbines could share the sky with wildlife.

B．More evidence is needed to confirm the finding.

C．Wind power will be substituted for fossil fuels.

D．Wind turbines deserve wider media coverage.

10 . Can you imagine someone hunting you down with a gun? Most of us would be terrified. So, it’s no surprise that that’s how animals respond, too.

Orcas, a species that have been systematically hunted- even with machine guns-dramatically decreased in number in the twentieth century. These so-called “killer whales” hunted the same fish that fishermen prized and were therefore seen as competition. Consequently, killer whales began avoiding certain locations and routes. But while North America largely banned their killing in the 1970s, they continue to be hunted in Greenland to this day.

Elephants also have to deal with human hunters. Ivory poachers(象牙偷猎者)have greatly reduced the African elephant population, which used to cover the entire continent. The ivory trade was banned in 1990, but animal habitats and food supplies have still declined. In Kenya, the human population has increased four times over the last 40 years while the elephant population declined by four-fifths.

This has caused the elephants to adopt unique responses to people. For instance, elephants are terrified of the spear-waving Maasai, an ethnic group of Kenya and Tanzania who have often hurt elephants when trying to protect their own cattle.

So once in an experiment by a group of zoologists, when elephants living close to the Maasai were presented with three different T-shirts, one belonging to a Maasai, another to a different local and one to a researcher, they only reacted with fear to the Maasai shirt, literally smelling the danger.

However, neither elephants nor killer whales commonly show anger and hate for people. In fact, elephants are generally friendly to humans. And the only instances of killer whales harming a person occurred when the whales were kept in a water cage. Orcas have even been reported to aid humans in need, protecting them from other animals.

1. Why are killer whales often hunted?

A．They are hugely profitable.

B．They harm people’s interests.

C．They threaten fishermen’s safety.

D．They compete with other wildlife for food.

2. What does the underlined word “This” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A．Less illegal ivory trade.

B．The decline of food supplies.

C．Elephants’ traveling to other continents.

D．The population change of humans and elephants.

3. Why is the experiment mentioned?

A．To prove humans’ influence on animals.

B．To show the defensive nature of the Maasai.

C．To illustrate the cleverness of the wild animals.

D．To highlight the urgency of animal conservation.

4. What’s the best title of this text?

A．Fierce Animals Can Feel Frightened Too

B．Animal Kingdoms Are Sounding an Alarm

C．Animals Are Trying to Fit in Human World

D．Human Actions Have Shaped Animal Consciousness