1 . Getting rid of(丢弃) old tyres(轮胎) has long been a problem. Every year many tyres are thrown. Some of the ways might be better than getting rid of them, but they are not especially green.
Energy recovery(回收利用) is one common way. This includes burning tyres to produce electricity, or as a way to provide heat for other industrial processes. But that produces planet-warming pollution. Tyres can be whole or broken in construction projects, such as repairing roads. There are, however, worries about chemicals from the tyres coming out and polluting the ground.
So some companies have begun exploring another pleasing idea. Since tyres are mostly made from hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物), it should be possible in principle to turn old tyres into environmentally friendly materials which can be used to run some cars they came from. One of the most thoughtful companies is based in Oslo, Norway. Later this year the company will start building a huge tyre-reused factory in Sunderland in northeastern England. In a couple of years, when the factory is fully operational, it will be able to turn 8 million old tyres into new products.
The process works by dividing a tyre into its three main parts. One is steel, which is used to support the structure of a tyre and which can be easily reused. The second is powder used to improve the continuous use of the tyre. The third is rubber. Some of that will be natural rubber from the rubber trees. The carbon black can be reused to make new tyres. That is of interest to tyre makers because it helps efforts to become carbon neutral(碳中和).
1. What is the disadvantage of energy recovery of tyres mentioned in the text?| A．It is unpractical. | B．It produces pollution. |
| C．It costs a lot. | D．It produces less electricity. |
| A．By giving an example. | B．By making questions. |
| C．By following time order. | D．By comparing differences. |
| A．Costly. | B．Useful. | C．Dangerous. | D．Short-lived. |
| A．Tyres can be divided into three parts |
| B．A company built a tyre-reused factory |
| C．Energy recovery can deal with old tyres |
| D．Old tyres can become environmentally friendly materials |
2 . Every year, people all around the world come together to celebrate Earth Day with lots of different activities.Earth Day events typically have one theme in common:the desire to show support for environmental issues and teach future generations about the need to protect our planet.
The very first Earth Day was celebrated on April 22, 1970. The event, which some consider to be the birth of the environmental movement, when spring comes, while avoiding most spring breaks and final exams.He hoped to call for college and university students for what he planned as a day of environmental learning and activism.
Participants (参与者) from 2, 000 colleges and universities, primary and secondary schools, and hundreds of communities across the United States got together in their local communities to mark the occasion of the very first Earth Day. Almost 20 million Americans filled the streets of their local communities on that first Earth Day.
Earth Day is now observed in 192 countries, and celebrated by billions of people around the world.Events can be found everywhere from tree planting activities at your local park to online Twitter parties that share information about environmental issues. In 2011, 28 million trees were planted in Afghanistan by the Earth Day Network. In 2012, people rode bikes in Beijing to raise awareness about climate change and help people learn what they could do to protect the planet.
How can you get involved? The possibilities are endless. Pick up trash in your neighborhood. Make a commitment to reduce your food waste or electricity use. Plant a tree.Talk to your friends and family about environmental issues. The best part? Make every day Earth Day and help to make this planet a healthy place for all of us to enjoy.
1. From whom did Nelson hope to get support for his plan?| A．Teachers. | B．Officials. | C．Students. | D．Researchers. |
| A．Worldwide. | B．Successful. |
| C．Unique. | D．Messy. |
| A．Its challenge. | B．Its inspiration. |
| C．Its history. | D．Its influence. |
| A．Take specific action. | B．Reflect on our behavior. |
| C．Contribute good ideas. | D．Answer some questions. |
3 . Have you ever seen a blue-footed booby (蓝脚鲣鸟)? It is a kind of sea bird. Here’s some information about the blue-footed booby.
The blue-footed booby is a large sea bird and it is much larger than most sea birds. It is less than three feet long. It weighs more than three pounds. Its brown wings are long and sharp.
The blue-footed booby has different colors. Its head and thick neck have brown and black streaks (条纹). The rest of its body is white. Its eyes are yellow.
The blue-footed booby only eats fish. It is an expert hunter. It looks a little clumsy on land, but it is fast and flexible (灵活的)when it catches fish. The booby flies over the water. When it sees a fish, it dives into the water. A few moments later, it rushes out of the water with the fish. The blue-footed booby has a long sharp bill. It can use its bill to catch the fish easily.
You might think the blue-footed booby is a funny name for a bird. But its name fits the bird very well.The blue-footed booby has bright blue feet. The word “booby” comes from the word “bobo”. It’s a Spanish word that means “ stupid fellow”. The blue-footed booby looks a little clumsy and stupid when it walks on the ground. That’s why it gets such a name.
1. where may you read this passage?| A．in a news report. | B．in an animal magazine. |
| C．in a movie poster. | D．in a travel guidebook. |
| A．笨拙的 | B．敏捷的 |
| C．机灵的 | D．愚蠢的 |
| A．Most sea birds are larger than he blue-footed booby. |
| B．The blue-footed booby has long harp white wings. |
| C．We can know what food the blue-footed booby eats. |
| D．The blue-footed booby can use its feet to catch fish. |
| A．What the blue-footed booby looks like. |
| B．How the blue-footed booby gets its food. |
| C．Why people love the blue-footed booby. |
| D．How the blue-footed booby gets its name. |
4 . There’s another universe where there are no buildings, trees, cars, cellphones or the Internet. You don’t have to travel a great distance to discover it. At 10 miles offshore, you’re already there. At 100 miles, the effect is complete: Civilization disappears, along with any sign of humanity. It’s the closest to the isolation of outer space. And it is why I’m really into sailing.
I was always more intrigued, though, by wind-driven boats than any relying on engines. As a kid, I was interested by the adventures of Robin Lee Graham, the teenage global traveler. However, it wasn’t until about 20 years ago that I took sailing seriously, and I quickly learned the art of monitoring the sails. I’ve made voyages in fair weather.
Still, I’ve made lots of mistakes. While living in Asia, a friend and I set off across the South China Sea destined for Thailand, only to be stopped by a typhoon that forced us to make landfall in Vietnam. Along the way, however, I also learned the essentials-navigation and maintaining a boat’s system. Years later, my wife and I lived aboard our Symbiosis. We visited many places nearly accessible to reach on a small boat. Far from shore, it’s the responsibility of the crew to keep the water out, the people in, the boat on course and everything working, which adds to the excitement of the voyages.
It appeals to me, so does the company or fellow sailors. But boats are expensive and time-consuming. After returning from the Caribbean, we decided to sell Symbiosis, deciding to sail only other people’s boats, but it wasn’t eight months before we found a good deal on a smaller boat—easier to maintain but still capable of some offshore voyages. I think we’ll name her Talisman.
1. Why is the author interested in sailing?| A．He likes doing adventurous sports. | B．He likes being away from human society. |
| C．He likes living in a strange place. | D．He likes discovering something great. |
| A．Puzzled. | B．Challenged. |
| C．Attracted. | D．Motivated. |
| A．Keeping the boat sailing safely. | B．Making plenty of mistakes. |
| C．Designing a boat’s system. | D．Reaching a new destination. |
| A．He will purchase an expensive boat. | B．He decides to sail globally again. |
| C．He will invite more fellow sailors. | D．He will take some voyages in his new boat. |
(1).目前野生动物的生存状况堪忧；(2).请阐述状况所产生的原因(至少2个方面)；(3).解决办法(至少3种办法)。可适当调整内容的顺序和增加细节，使其连贯。词数100词左右。
Dear Jim,
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Li Hua
6 . There are many ecosystems that are truly suffering from damage. One of the solutions to the problem is that they can be restored (修复) by reintroducing some animal species. A study shows if you introduce right large mammals (哺乳动物), you can successfully restore a lot of the planet.
Some roles that species play in the environment are extremely important, so the loss of any of these can break the ecological balance. So on the other hand, it means that reintroducing a species can produce positive results. When a few wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone Park, it became one of the most successful examples to prove the reintroduced species did help restore the ecosystem. Dr. Carly, a scientist, along with her team, was able to identify 20 kinds of mammals that could help restore a lot of what we’ve destroyed in nature if reintroduced. The species benefit the nature in different ways like helping renew soil and grass.
The team compared environments of 500 years ago with conditions of modern environments. And they figured out that only 16% of the world still has undamaged wild mammals communities, and just 6% looks similar to what it looked like before 1500. They believed that undamaged mammals communities can easily be swollen through reintroduction program, especially in South America and northern areas of Africa.
In Europe, reintroducing wolf, bison, and reindeer could really make a great impact. However, just wolves and wild horses could make a difference to Asia. “Our recommendations may not be suitable everywhere in the world—local assessments (评估) must be made to decide whether to start a reintroduction program or not. If hunting pressures within different species, shortage of food are still problems, they need solving first. However, our findings show there are huge areas of the world that could be suitable for large mammal restoration if other problems are managed,” said Dr. Carly.
1. What role did the wolves play in Yellowstone Park?| A．Attracting some other animal species. |
| B．Keeping the balance of the ecosystem. |
| C．Creating better soil for other animals. |
| D．Preventing more visits to the park. |
| A．Planned. | B．Cut. | C．Controlled. | D．Increased. |
| A．The more species reintroduced, the better for the local area. |
| B．It is almost impossible for the damaged nature to be restored. |
| C．Reintroducing species must be based on the local conditions. |
| D．Providing enough food for reintroduced species is a challenge. |
| A．Environment. | B．Culture. | C．Health. | D．History. |
7 . With no special equipment, no fences and no watering, two abandoned agricultural fields in the UK have been rewilded (重新野化), in large part due to the efforts of jays, which actually “engineered” these new woodlands. Researchers now hope that rewilding projects can take a more natural and hands-off approach and that jays can shed some of their bad reputations.
The two fields, which researchers have called the New Wilderness and the Old Wilderness, had been abandoned in 1996 and 1961 respectively. The former was a bare field, while the latter was grassland—both lay next to ancient woodlands. Researchers had suspected that the fields would gradually return to wilderness, but it was impressive to see just how quickly this happened, and how much of it was owed to birds.
Using aerial data, the researchers monitored the two sites. After just 24 years, the New Wilderness had grown into a young, healthy wood with 132 live trees per hectare, over half of which (57%) were oaks. Meanwhile, the Old Wilderness resembled a mature woodland after 39 years, with 390 trees per hectare.
“This native woodland restoration was approaching the structure (but not the species composition) of long-established woodlands within six decades,” the researchers explained in the study.
Part of this reforestation was done by the wind, and researchers suspect that previous ground disturbance may have aided the woodland establishment—which is good news, as it would suggest that agricultural areas may be reforested faster than anticipated. However, animals—Eurasian jays, thrushes, wood mice, and squirrels—also played an important role in helping the forests take shape. This handful of species provided much of the natural regeneration needed for the forest to develop. Jays, in particular, seem to have done a lot of heavy lifting.
1. What does the underlined word “shed” in Paragraph 1 refer to?| A．Be opposed to. |
| B．Be ashamed of. |
| C．Get used to. |
| D．Get rid of. |
| A．The scale of the woodlands. |
| B．The diversity of the fields. |
| C．The rate of the changes. |
| D．The frequency of the wilderness. |
| A．The woodland restoration was approaching the structure of long-established ones. |
| B．Much of the wilderness of the fields was owed to birds. |
| C．Previous ground disturbance aided the woodland establishment. |
| D．How quickly the fields returned to wilderness over time. |
| A．The essential role of humans in the reforestation. |
| B．The factors that contribute to the reforestation. |
| C．The importance of woodland establishment. |
| D．The threats faced by a handful of wild animals. |
On his way home, Jonathon saw a gray, long-haired cat sitting on the sidewalk. As he stopped to pet her, he noticed that she was not wearing a collar. She rubbed her head against his hand and began to purr (发呼噜声). She reminded Jonathon of Smoky, the cat he had when he was younger. Smoky’s fur had been long and gray too.
Jonathon petted the cat for a while. Then he said, “I have to go,” and continued home. To his surprise, the cat followed him.
When Jonathon was home, he walked up the porch steps and went in the kitchen. The cat followed him up the steps and sat quietly outside the door, watching him closely. Jonathon made a sandwich. The cat continued to stare at him. Jonathon sighed. “I know it’s not a good idea to feed a stray cat,” he said, “but you look so hungry! I can’t sit here and eat without feeding you too!”
Jonathon put some turkey on a plate for the cat. As Jonathon watched, she ate every scrap of turkey and then began to clean her face and paws. “Wow!” Jonathon said, “You must have been starving. I wonder how long it has been since someone fed you.”
Jonathon finished his sandwich and looked at the cat. Her long fur was matted (乱蓬蓬的). Jonathon remembered that Smoky’s brush and toys were stored in the garage. “I’m going to clean you up a little,” Jonathon said to the cat.
Jonathon found Smoky’s brush and got to work. As the dirt came out, the cat’s fur began to get lighter. “Hey!” Jonathon said, realizing the truth. “You’re not gray—you’re white!”
After her brushing, the cat climbed onto Jonathon’s lap and purred. “You’re so friendly, you probably belong to someone,” Jonathon said. “I bet you’re just lost.” When Jonathon’s father came home, Jonathon showed him the cat that had stretched out in a patch of sun on the porch. “Why don’t you make some signs to place in the neighborhood,” his father suggested.
注意：
1. 续写字数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
His father said that if no one called about the cat after a week, Jonathon could keep her.
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“Okay,” Jonathon’s father finally said, “I think you’ve waited long enough.”
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A dog named Peggy was unable to continue the job she was good
Peggy’s owners gave her to a local animal shelter (庇护所) when they found it hard
While Peggy became deaf,
But the most important lesson Peggy learned had nothing to do with sheep. It was about trust. “It took her some time to learn that we love her, and understand our praise,” Shorten said.
These days, with her GPS tracker in place, Peggy heads out with sheep fom time to time, happily knowing that the
Ethiopia has broken the world record for the largest number of trees
Ethiopia’s record-breaking
