1. What season did Jason like best?
| A．Autumn. | B．Winter. | C．Summer. |
| A．Have snowball fights. |
| B．Go for a walk in the park. |
| C．Gather his friends at home. |
| A．He could play with snow. |
| B．He could receive many presents. |
| C．He could send gifts to others. |
| A．Three months. |
| B．About four months. |
| C．More than five months. |
| A．In a pet store. | B．In the zoo. | C．In a forest. |
| A．Cloudy. | B．Sunny. | C．Rainy. |
Officials are seeking to protect a small environment on Java island
5 . Time to load up some popular games: new research indicates pigs possess the mental capability to play video games. The study, published in Frontiers in Psychology, tested the ability of four pigs (Hamlet, Omelette, Ebony and Ivory) to play a simple joystick (操纵杆) game with their noses, moving a cursor (光标) to four targets on the screen. Although the animals didn’t demonstrate the skills to win a round any time, they did show an understanding of some elementary games. Performing well not by chance, the pigs appeared to recognize the movement of the cursor was controlled by the joystick. The fact that they did so well despite a lack of flexible fingers is “extraordinary”, according to the researchers.
“It is no small achievement for an animal to grasp the concept that the behaviour they are performing is having an effect elsewhere. That pigs can do this to any degree should give us pause as to what else they are capable of learning and how such learning may impact them, “said Purdue University’s Dr Candace Croney, the study’s lead author.
Researchers also noted that while the pigs could be taught to play the game using food as positive motivation, they also responded well to social interaction. In fact, when the game was made more challenging and the pigs became unwilling to participate in it, “only oral encouragement by the experimenter” would see training continue.
These findings are the latest to highlight the intelligence of pigs. Not only have they been shown to use mirrors to find hidden food, but studies have also demonstrated how pigs can be taught to “come” and “sit” after oral commands.
As with any sentient (有感觉力的) beings, how we interact with pigs and what we do to them impacts and matters to them. We therefore have a moral duty to understand how pigs acquire information, and what they are capable of learning and remembering, because it ultimately offers the potential for how they understand their interactions with us and their environments.
1. What can be learned from Paragraph 1?| A．The pigs sometimes won the video games. |
| B．The pigs operated joysticks with their noses. |
| C．The pigs competed with each other in the games. |
| D．The pigs sometimes performed well accidentally. |
| A．Stop us from advancing. | B．Affect us in learning. |
| C．Make us think seriously. | D．Force us to train pigs better. |
| A．Their being inspired by human words. | B．Their being driven by food. |
| C．Their being willing to keep trying. | D．Their being motivated by challenges. |
| A．Smart Pigs: Best Animal Players | B．Flexible Noses: Fun Games |
| C．Oral Commands: Pig Learners | D．Pig Players: Learning Potential |
6 . It was a very hot day in late summer. I was a young dad working in a local wood factory. It was dangerous, back-breaking work that paid very little. In the year I had worked there, only four other people hadn’t quit and been replaced with new faces. Those of us who stayed did so only because there was no other work to find to support our families.
On this day the fans weren’t working and all of us were covered in sweat and sawdust. When I looked around, every face I saw looked angry and frustrated. Suddenly, a voice called out, “Hey! There’s a deer in here.” A lost little deer had wandered through the open loading bay doors and was now cowering(蜷缩)in between the huge stacks of wood. All of us stopped working and went looking for her as she ran about looking for a way out.
Now most people where I live hunt deer for meat in the fall, but also treat them with great kindness during the rest of the year. Many will even buy 50 bags of corn to help feed them during the. harsh winter months. It was no surprise then that all of us were soon quickly working together to free this little deer. By blocking off all the other routes we were able to guide her and panic her back to the open door. We watched as she jumped out of the building and back into the woods. Then we walked back in to work. I noticed something, though. On every face there was a joyful smile. It was as if this one single act of kindness had energized(使充满活力)us again and reminded us of what life is all about.
1. Why were many people unwilling to work in the wood factory?| A．Most people quit and were replaced with new faces. |
| B．They are not satisfied with the boss. |
| C．The pay and work conditions were bad. |
| D．They wanted more pleasure and freedom. |
| A．The deer was a light to the dull work. |
| B．The workers were working in a good mood daily. |
| C．The deer was trapped in a big well. |
| D．All the workers wanted to catch the deer. |
| A．By dropping some food. | B．By opening one route. |
| C．By using some signals. | D．By shouting loudly. |
| A．Bad-tempered but patient. | B．stubborn but kind. |
| C．Hard-working and loving. | D．curious and adventurous. |
7 . Before bringing a dog into your family, it is important to know how to take care of it.
Knowing how to take care of a dog involves proper attention to your dog's diet.
Knowing how to take care of a dog also involves an adequate level of exercise.
Proper veterinary(兽医的) care is extremely important when understanding how to take care of dog. It's best if you bring your dog in for veterinary checkups at least once year.
| A．Dogs are very expensive to keep if you want them happy. |
| B．Inexpensive low-quality dog food can negatively affect your dog's health. |
| C．If you're worried about costs, you may want to invest in pet insurance for your dog. |
| D．Knowing how to take care of a dog involves knowing how to train a dog. |
| E．You need to provide for its needs, both physical and emotional. |
| F．You should know training is very important for a domestic animal. |
| G．Each year, thousands of dogs experience obesity-related health problems. |
1. What does the woman think is the problem living on the moon?
| A．Money. | B．Distance. | C．Technology. |
| A．A space pioneer. | B．A moon settler. | C．A shuttle designer. |
| A．It is very cool. | B．It isn’t practical. | C．It is reasonable. |
1. What color is Cruiser's hair?
| A．Blonde. | B．Dark. | C．Brown. |
| A．Playing with Cruiser. |
| B．Meeting a wolf in hunting. |
| C．Chasing Sally around the house. |
10 . Nutrient shortages might not be the result of poor diet. A study from 2004 showed that many fruits and vegetables contain less protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin C than they did in the1950s, though carbohydrate levels have increased over the same time length. While some researchers think this difference is explained by farmers growing sweeter cultivar, others believe a bigger factor is at play— Earth’s changing atmosphere.
Earth’s atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are rising. Within the next 50 years, carbon dioxide concentrations are expected to reach 550 parts per million, which is about double the amount measured before the mid—19th century. Farming will be greatly affected: Research shows that raised carbon dioxide levels will affect 95 percent of plant species—including main crops, such as wheat, rice, and potatoes by causing essential mineral levels to drop by 6 to 8 percent. Though this decline may sound negligible, it will have far—reaching consequences for global health.
The influences of an increasingly carbon-concentrated atmosphere were first observed in zooplankton, microscopic sea creatures that primarily feed on algae. Rising carbon dioxide levels could also have a similar effect on land plants’ nutritional value. When they can more easily transform sunlight into food, plants pack in a higher concentration of carbohydrates at the expense of protein, zinc, iron, and other essential nutrients.
Will the increase of carbohydrates and consequent decrease of other nutrients in your meals make a difference for your health? According to some evidence, yes. Nutrient-rich plants are vital for fighting against health problems around the world, and lower levels in natural sources put populations at risk. For instance, studies show that 150 million people may be at risk for protein shortage by 2050, and iron shortage may affect a billion pregnant women within the same time period.
1. What causes the nutrient shortages in food?| A．Poor dict. | B．Changing atmosphere. | C．Farm produce. | D．Time length |
| A．Carbon dioxide will be double than that at present. |
| B．Carbon dioxide of plant species will increase 95%. |
| C．Plants’ mineral levels will drop by 6 to 8 percent. |
| D．Plants species will reach 550 times as much. |
| A．Lack of protein levels. | B．Lack of natural sources. |
| C．Lack of pregnant women. | D．Lack of carbohydrates. |
| A．Earth’s Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Level | B．Climate Change and Plant Nutrient Levels |
| C．More Food Leading to Better Health | D．Natural Resources and Carbohydrate |
