A recent research shows that 86% of the world’s rivers have been damaged by human activities. The research
Unsurprisingly, the worst-hit rivers are in western Europe and North America. This is because these regions have large and rich
2 . New Zealand plans to put a price on sheep and cow burps (打嗝) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (排放). If the plan is passed, New Zealand will become the first country to tax (征税) farmers on each burp of their cattle, since the burps give out methane (甲烷) into the atmosphere.
“There is no question that we need to cut the amount of methane we are putting into the atmosphere, and an effective emissions pricing system for agriculture will play a key part in how we achieve that,” Climate Change Minister James Shaw said.
Animal agriculture is one of the leading causes of global warming. It is reportedly responsible for at least 14.5% of the world’s emissions. Moreover, cows are by far the biggest contributors. This is so because they produce 40% of global methane when they burp, fart (放屁) and produce waste. Also, methane is 80 times more warming than CO2 although it’s shorter-lived in the atmosphere.
New Zealand, which has a population of five million people, has around 10 million cattle and 26 million sheep. “Almost half the country’s total greenhouse gas emissions come from agriculture, mainly methane,” the draft plan explained.
The “burp tax” is expected to take effect in 2025. Mr. Shaw wants farming to be more environmentally friendly. He also wants farmers to change the way they farm. He wants them to feed their animals on seaweed instead of grass. This will produce fewer emissions. Mr. Shaw also said farmers can reduce the tax they pay by planting more trees. Another suggestion is for cows to wear special masks.
New Zealand’s farmers support the government. They want to do their bit to help the environment.
1. Why will cattle’s burps be taxed?A.To raise more money. | B.To feed more cattle. |
C.To limit cattle’s price. | D.To better the environment. |
A.Its cows produce 40% of global methane. |
B.Its agriculture affects greenhouse gas emissions. |
C.It is responsible for at least 14.5% of the world’s emissions. |
D.There is 80 times more methane than CO2. |
A.Plant more trees. | B.Correct their way to farm. |
C.Feed their animals on grass. | D.Wear special masks when farming. |
A.New Zealand reducing greenhouse gas emissions |
B.New Zealand’s greenhouse emissions and animal farming |
C.New Zealand introducing a new tax to help the environment |
D.New Zealand’s farmers joining in the fight against climate change |
The world is in a climate crisis. We need to change how we get our power, which
The ESA project
4 . The Okapi Wildlife Reserve, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and home to one-sixth of the remaining wild okapi in the world. It protects many other wildlife species as well as one-fifth of the Ituri forest. But despite its status, the reserve is under threat from human activities.
Mining, deforestation (森林破坏), and illegal hunting are all threatening the reserve, and criminals have murdered several people, including forest guards, since 2012. Forest loss is expanding rapidly. In 2020, the most deforestation in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve since records began in 2002 was recorded via satellite data. Since 2002, the area has lost about 7% of its total forest cover. Most recently, satellite data shows deforestation along the Ituri River in late 2021, likely from illegal gold mining.
“Miners are actually eating the reserve out of its wildlife by hunting animals for food. There is almost no wildlife left around the mine itself, and wildlife numbers are greatly reduced around mining towns,” said John Lukas, co-founder of the Okapi Conservation Project.
Protecting the reserve is important for the endangered okapi and other wildlife that call the region home, but preserving the area’s forests is of particular significance in dealing with climate change.
“The forests of Congo, more than forests in the Amazon and in Asia, store carbon even in times of drought and rising temperatures,” explained Lukas. “Preserving the forests not only provides habitats for okapi, elephants and chimpanzees but gives humans time to adjust our source of energy to be more sustainable and carbon neutral (碳中和). Hopefully the Western world will financially support the countries of the Congo basin to value their forests as sources of life and not just a kind of goods to be sold.”
1. What happened to the forests in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve?A.Forest guards hunting. |
B.Mining via satellites. |
C.About 7% forest loss in 21 years. |
D.One-fifth of wild animals leaving. |
A.Because of being killed for food. |
B.Because of the high temperature. |
C.Because of no habitat. |
D.Because of the deadly diseases. |
A.Gold mines are in the forests. |
B.The forests affect climate. |
C.The forests are home to wild species. |
D.A good life can be led by selling trees. |
A.Current situation of the Okapi Wildlife Reserve |
B.Gold mines found in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve |
C.Protecting the wildlife in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve |
D.Endangered Okapi reserve threatened by human activities |