2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Vikings, whose ancestors came from Scandinavia, were the first Europeans     1    (reach) America. They had lived in many places of northern Europe. In 982 AD, a man     2    (call) Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because of a murder, for     3    he got into trouble. Eric discovered Greenland and persuaded some people     4    (settle) in Greenland. Eric set sail again, but only half of the ships made     5    to Greenland this time.

Later a man, Biarni set sail from Iceland in search     6     Eris’s party. But he     7    (blow) off course and found himself in an unknown land, from where he     8    (eventual) reached Greenland.

In the year 1002, Leif, Eric the Red’s son, followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to     9    is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada. He also discovered Newfoundland. Actually, Eric the Red and Leif’s     10    (deed) are the first records we have of Europeans sailing to the Americas.

3 . 阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Earth Day is an event    1    (annual) celebrated on April 22.     2    (found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American politician and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and    3     (get) people to care about the earth.

In1962, Rachel Carson’s bestselling book “Silent Spring” created an    4    (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides (农药) . Then, a fire,     5     broke out in 1969 on Cleveland’s Guyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator Gaylord Nelson dreamed of    6    similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day.

In the fall of 1969, Nelson announced it and appealed to the entire country to get involved. Consequently, telegrams, letters and telephone calls    7    all over the country poured in. Since 1970, Earth Day celebration have grown. Later, Nelson    8    (award) the Presidential Medal of Freedom in recognition of his work.

Today, Earth Day is celebrated around the world every April 22. Sometimes numerous communities celebrate Earth Week, an entire week of    9    (activity) focused on the Environmental issues. In 2017, the March for Science    10    (occur) on Earth Day(April 22, 2017) and was followed by the People’s Climate Mobilization (April 29, 2017).

4 . 语法填空

The fresh thin air, snow-covered mountains and graceful animals running on the plains are     1    we’re here-to observe Tibetan antelopes, which are being hunted,     2    (legal), for their valuable fur.

My guide is Zhaxi, who works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. “We’re not trying to save the animals,”he says. “Actually, we’re trying to save     3    (we).”

     During the 1980s and 1990s, the population of Tibetan antelopes dropped by more than 50 percent, as hunters were shooting antelopes to make     4    (profit). To save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from    5    (attack). Bridges and gates    6    ( add ) to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.

As    7    result, the antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the     8     (danger) species list. The govermment, however, does not intend    9    (stop) the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.

   Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature     10     we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.

6 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Usually,we are encouraged to be nice to our people. However, we always forget to be nice to    1     (we)environment.

Global warming is quite     2     big problem today in the 21st century. Pollution leads    3     greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere,which gradually causes the temperature of the Earth to increase. And the rising temperature causes the melting of glaciers(冰川融化)and abnormal weather.     4     (prevent)global warming is key to the protection for the Earth.

Simple things that can be done every day can help slow down global warming and make the Earth better place for us,our     5     ( child),and more future generations to live. We need to take actions     6     (active) to help reduce global warming.

There    7     (be)many ways to help,such as taking public transportation,riding bikes or walking. The question is    8     we are willing to put them into practice. If the answer is positive, act now! We should walk or bike whenever we can. It’s also an     9     ( easy) and more beneficial exercise than exercising in the gym. If we have to go to a place and we can’t walk,we should take the public transportation. We also try to encourage our friends and family to do the same to make a contribution to global warming. If everyone does something to help,we can make a     10     (different).

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dogs are often called “man’s best friend” and make ideal pets.

The most attractive quality of     1     dog is its faith in its owner. They always greet us     2     we come home and they will never leave us even in a desperate(绝望的)situation. For example, there     3    (be)a very sick man and his dog barked and barked until the rescue team arrived.

Furthermore, dogs are strong     4    (animal)that will protect us. Houses with dogs are considered much     5    (safe)than those with burglar alarms(防盗警报器). Not only will they stop thieves, but they will also guard against fire. For example, there was a serious fire and a dog     6    (try)to pull its owner out.

And finally, dogs can be     7    (train)by people. Dogs can do a number of things that people can not. For example, they can find drugs, bodies, illegal DVDs and hunt down prisoners with     8    (they)nose. They’re also used     9     help the elderly and disabled.

To sum up, dogs are     10    (real)friendly, civilized(文明的)and loyal partners.

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Recently, videos     1     (show) bees in a plastic box drop from the air the moment lights are turned off have circulated (流传) on the Internet. Most people take     2     for granted that for those bees dropping is more dangerous than keeping flying. However, it's not true.

       One theory could link to how bees use the sun's position to guide their way back, so once the sun sets, they immediately stop moving.       3     theory suggests it is a prey (猎物) response,     4     shade from a large predator (捕食者) above them resulting in bees dropping from the air and falling to the ground, where they would have less chance of being spotted.
       Either way, such strange behavior of bees is     5     (fascinate) to look at. Some bees have adapted to flying at night,     6     (possible) as there is less competition from other     7     (insect). However,     8     bees can see in the dark depends on how “night” and “dark”     9     (understand), as some animals can see at night because they have eyes     10    (accustom) to low lighting, while dark can mean a total absence of light.

9 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.

Nearly one billion animals died in the Australian bushfires. That number would have been even     1    (large) if it had not been for wombats(袋熊). When the fires started, their underground homes     2    (become) places of shelter for many other lives.

Wombats are small, furry mammals native to Australia. There are three wombat species. Northern and southern wombats have furry noses,     3     common wombats have bare skin on noses. You shouldn’t let the     4    (appear) of wombats fool you, though. Despite their size, they are     5    (unbelievable) fast. They can run at the speed of an Olympic runner, but only for a minute and a half or so.     6     is interesting is their cube-shaped poop(粪便). They often pile up their poop     7     a way to mark their areas. Scientists believe the square shape     8    (form) to stop the poop from rolling away.

Now there are only about 500 northern wombats     9    (survive) in the wild. The species is considered to be critically endangered. Luckily, conservationists are attempting     10    (help). In the 1980s, just 35 northern wombats were left alive — so things are improving!