Dogs are not toys and their needs should be taken into consideration. Dog owners in Germany will    1     (require)to walk their pets at least twice a day if a new law passes.

The country's agricultural minister Julia Klockner proposed a law that would order dog owners to walk their dogs at least twice a day for a total of an hour or more     2     (let) their dogs take enough exercise. The new law would also stop owners from     3     (leave)their pets home alone all day or tying     4     (they)up outside for a long period of time. The law also includes a limit for dog owners on     5     number of dogs they can keep.

The idea behind the law is to make sure the country's dogs get enough exercise and stay     6     (health). The proposed law has brought forth different opinions from dog owners and those     7       are working in the animal industry.

"There are lots of     8     (way)to enrich your dog's life without a strict law, and exercise needs are different depending on the size, type and age of the dog, ”Lindsay Hamrick, a worker of the Humane Society of the United States said. Meanwhile, dog trainer Anja Striegel said, "Staying at home all day     9    (do)the species little good.   A large part of the problems that dog owners have    10       their animals these days arise from lack of exercise.

4 . On the day the tornado hit, there was no sign that the fierce weather was on its way —the sky was blue and the sun had been out. The first warning my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I, 65, got came around 9 p.m., from some text on the TV Jimmy was watching. He ran upstairs to find me in our third-floor bedroom, and we changed the channel from the national television to our local Pensacola, Florida, station.

Soon the tornado was on top of us. It was the loudest thing I had ever heard. The house shook, and the power went out. And the wind began to roar (咆哮) through the house, most likely through windows and the door to our garage. Everything was moving. And the back wall of the house came off and flew into the darkness outside. We had three flights of steps to get to the storeroom down there, the relative safety of the first floor.

I didn't know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there was no floor as the wind lifted me off my feet. As we finally reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew open. Suddenly, a three-foot-long tree branch (树枝) flew over our heads, missing us by inches.

By the time I reached the storeroom, the tornado had been over us for about a minute, Jimmy pushed me down to the storeroom floor, but he couldn't get inside himself because of the wind. I held Jimmy's arm as the tornado blew the door open. My knees were full of glass, but I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have flown right out of the house.

All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet. I thought he was gone. And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldn't believe it was over. Our neighbor said the storm lasted four minutes. In that time, four of the twelve town houses in our unit were completely destroyed. Luckily, none of us were seriously injured.

5 . Unusually bright light in the sky that appeared suddenly last June has got astronomers in great excitement, After months of study, they still aren’t sure what the object — university referred to as the “Cow” — is, whatever it is, says astronomer Lilian Rivera Sandoval or Texas Tech University in Lubbock, “It’s super strange and we are obsessed with its study.”

The Cow first appeared in telescope observations on 16 June 2018, in what turned out to be small galaxy about 200 million light years away. “When we saw that we thought, let’s get on this.” says Daniel Perley, an astronomer at Liverpool John Moore University.

The early observations confirmed the Caw was truly strange. It didn’t show the obvious changes in its light output that an exploding star would make. Sandoval ways as soon as she and colleagues Anew the Cow was truly distant, they requested time on NASA’s Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory to see what the Cow was doing in X-rays. Although the X-ray brightness varied over the early weeks, “the spectrum didn’t change, which is very unusual,” she notes. After 3 weeks, the X-ray signal began to vary more wildly while also dropping off in brightness.

Many astronomers agree that the long and steady duration of the event means that it was powered after an initial explosion by some form of central engine. But what that engine may be is also far from clear. Some argue that it could be a very unusual star whose central part has collapsed inward after it exploded. Others say it is a tidal disruption event — a star being torn apart by a black hole. But that usually requires the supermassive black hole in the center of a galaxy, and the Cow is situated in its galaxy’s arm. So, some say, il could be a tidal disruption event generated by an intermediate mass black hole, although evidence for the existence of such smaller black holes remains controversial. “All explanations have problems,” Sandoval says, “I hope there are more Cows.”

6 . During a decline in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in “visitors” recently. So many are the hermit crabs （寄居蟹）flooding into the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells （贝壳）for them to live in have become in short supply.

The Thai government moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg. On December 5 these were distributed around the park in a ceremony.

Hermit crabs rely on shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta and the surrounding smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells may be man-made：pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods. Crabs had begun to make do with potential death-traps such as plastic caps and bottles.

The shell drive was part of a government initiative to “regain the balance of nature”. “I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes,” says Varawut Silpa-archa, the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by CO VID-19. A ban on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover, bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years.

The government has decided to try to copy the short break forced on it by CO VID-19 in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for a short period during the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the short term, in the longer run more parks may help to keep the tourists coming.

The Mingsha Mountain     1     (locate) in Dunhuang city in western China. It is famous for the sounds the wind makes when blowing over the dunes. As you walk through the quicksand, sometimes you can hear loud noises from beneath your     2     (foot). Hence that’s the origin of the name—the Mingsha Mountain.

Lying between the tall sand dunes, there is a little miracle. The spring, which looks like a crescent moon (新月),     3     (exist) for thousands of years, and has never dried up.

The formation and continuous existence of the Crescent Spring     4     (be) all related to its geographic location. The flowing water joins here to form it.     5    average, the evaporation (蒸发) there is more than 60 times     6    of the annual rainfall. Although it’s extremely dry here, the stable water source ensures a     7     (sustain) water supply to the spring. It’s also due to the low-lying land. Whenever there is a sandstorm, it forms     8    upward air flow between the surrounding sand mountains. The air flow sends the sand at the foot back to the top of the sand mountain,     9     (save) the Crescent Spring from being destroyed by quicksand. The Crescent Spring,     10    beauty attracts tourists from home and abroad, has become a romantic paradise for visitors.

8 . When we see a person in trouble, the first idea that comes to our mind is to lend a hand. But what if we see an animal in trouble, does the same rule apply?

This question was raised after a group of penguins (企鹅) were saved from an icy gully (峡谷) in Antarctica. It was filmed for the BBC wildlife series Dynasties. The film crew were anxious when they saw that a group of penguins had fallen into a gully and been trapped with their young. They built a slope (斜坡) so that a few of the penguins could save themselves.

The case has taken the international media by storm. Viewers watching this film sighed in relief. “I’m so glad. I understand not taking action directly, but a helping hand isn’t bothering, right?” viewer Kathryn Shaw said on her Facebook.

However, others think human interference (干涉) is unnatural. “You can’t have sunshine throughout your life. To have done anything else would only make matters worse.” said the show’s creator David Attenborough, according to TheTimes.

In this case, however, Mike Gunton, the executive producer of the series, said that this was a one-off situation. “There were no animals going to suffer by interfering. You weren’t touching the animals and it was just felt by doing this …They had the chance not to have to keep slipping down the slope.” he told the BBC.

Such cases are familiar to Paul Nicklen, wildlife photographer for National Geographic. He told Metro, “If it’s ever a predator (捕食者) situation, no matter how gut-wrenching, you stay out of the way. Even when you’re watching a male polar bear eat a baby bear.”

“There’s no rule book in those situations. You can only respond to the facts that are right there in front of you.” Will Lawson, the show’s director, told Daily Mail.