1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Ant Forest initiative was launched by the Alipay app in 2016.     1    about 200 million trees planted on 182,700 hectares of land, it has helped to     2    (efficient) avoid almost 7.9 million tons of carbon emissions.

The initiative is in line with the Chinese government's strategy of transforming the nation into a "Green Economy".       3     (accomplish) this objective,China has been taking aggressive action in expanding its green coverage.

For example,the "Great Green Wall" was initiated in the northern region to restrict the       4     (expand) of the Gobi Desert. The Forestry Administration's monitoring report mentioned that desert lands       5     (shrink) by 24,240 square kilometers in the past decade. Moreover,China only has a small percentage of vegetated area(植被面积).     6    it has contributed to the increase in the world's green leaf area by almost 25% in the last two decades.

Our planet is at a tipping point,     7    may result in natural disasters unless urgent actions     8    (take)immediately. Here, Alipay Ant Forest shows that it is possible to rely on digital technology for a better and       9     (green) future. Several more initiatives, from not just China but all across the globe,     10     (be) under way towards a sustainable future of the planet.

2 . For years I hadn't known much about gardening. I grew up in the countryside but got hooked on music and drawing and put a great deal of effort into books. As a teenager, the fields beyond my home became a green barrier to the big city I so longed to be part of.I was always full of life,free from worries.

Breaking up with Josh changed everything. I felt so lost and alone. Yet I didn't turn to gardening for recovery straight away. That summer I went to a dozen festivals,danced my way through sleepless weekends and relied on kind friends. But none of them worked for long.

Then one day I walked to the balcony,seeing sunflowers blooming brightly in the wind. They made me realize that plants always carried on. “How small my heartbreak is in the grand scheme of things," I said to myself. I had no idea where I'd end up living, but I could rely on those cycles of growth,decay(衰退)and renewal. There was something enormously comforting in that.

Gradually,the need for green space became a habit that changed my life. When I was staying with friends, I'd hunt out parks. Within a couple of months, I'd signed up as a volunteer at a local community garden and would get there early on Sunday mornings, as if it were my own kind of church.

It's not surprising that being outdoors and surrounding myself with nature helped me through this difficult time. Studies by the Royal College of Physicians have found that gardening can lower blood pressure,relieve anxiety and depression, boost mood,and burn calories.

Fifteen months later, I found a new home,nestled in a patch of south London woodland.I have 30 houseplants in total and my balcony blooms all year around,so it feels like both an oasis(绿洲)and somewhere to think.

Life is still sometimes frustrating.Difficult things still happen. But these days I know how to treat myself: I make sure I go outside, breathe in, look at what's growing, and I always feel better.

1. Which can best describe the author in her teenage years?

A．Stubborn but innocent.

B．Diligent and carefree.

C．Productive and optimistic.

D．Ambitious but selfish.

2. What actually drew the author to gardening?

A．It reminded her of the childhood.

B．It helped her ease negative feelings.

C．It broke down the barrier to the big city.

D．It relieved the symptoms of sleeplessness.

3. The underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably refers to

A．praying to God in the church

B．the need for green space in life

C．hunting out as many parks as possible

D．the voluntary work in the community garden

4. What does the text focus on?

A．Cure of nature.

B．Curse of fate.

C．Obstacle to peace.

D．Openness to change.

3 . The government of India has announced that it will replace the single-use plastic cups used for tea in 7,000 train stations around the country with traditional clay cups called kulhads. This will reduce the amount of waste thrown away every day, thus helping further the government's goal of making India free from single-use plastics, and it will provide much-needed employment for two million potters.

Jaya Jaitly, a politician and handicrafts expert, has advocated since the early 1990s for clay cups to be reintroduced in train stations. She explained that employing potters to provide these cups was a way to support them at a time when they lost jobs due to "new Internet technology."

It is reported that a potter's average monthly income will increase from $34 to $135 a month. The government is distributing electric wheels to those who do not have them and funding a switch from wood-fueled to gas-fueled kilns(窑炉)in villages that already have gas devices for cooking. Jaitly said this would reduce smoke pollution.

She also said that one reason why earlier efforts to reintroduce kulhads failed was that the government was unwilling to accept non-standardized sizes and shapes of cups. This time they will have to accept it because the handmade pieces cannot possibly be the same, particularly with production being so scattered(分散). Variation in appearance is a small price to pay for the environmental benefits.

This is happy, hopeful news from India, a country that has long struggled to deal with plastic waste, partly because of its huge population and inadequate waste processing infrastructure across vast rural regions. This policy is an excellent example of getting at the root cause of a problem and fixing it, rather than just trying to clean up the mess afterward. To use the bathtub metaphor(比喻) that's commonly cited when talking about plastic pollution, this is like turning off the plastic-producing tap, instead of wasting time trying to mop up the overflow, wishing it would go away.

1. What is special about the policy announced by Indian government?

A．It promotes awareness of traffic issues.

B．It collects enough revenue to fight poverty.

C．It promises to be eco-friendly and favorable.

D．It rids India of the long-term unemployment.

2. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A．Jaya Jaitly is a short-sighted politician and economist.

B．Advances in Internet technology cost potters their jobs.

C．Clay cups were first introduced in Indian railway stations.

D．Potters were employed at stations to get financial support.

3. What effort does the government make for the potters?

A．It raises their monthly income.

B．It offers new cooking devices to them.

C．It standardizes the size of clay cups for them.

D．It provides funds for them to upgrade their devices.

4. Which of the following is similar to the bathtub metaphor?

A．Put the cart before the horse.

B．Treat the foot when the foot hurts.

C．Stop the boiling by taking off the fire.

D．Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.

4 . 假定你是李华，你的加拿大网友Jack想了解你所在社区的垃圾分类（garbage classification）开展情况。请你给他写一封回信，要点如下：
1.活动开始时间
2.活动开展情况
3.活动后社区变化
注意：
1.写作词数应为80词；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

5 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。     

The Molai Forest, named after its creator,   was once an area     1    (strike) by floods. Teenager Jadav noticed     2       sharp fall in the number of birds and snakes in nearby forest area and wetland.

The boy soon turned to his elders and asked, "What if all of us die like these snakes one day?" The grown-ups only laughed. But the boy comforted    3     (he) saying "I will make the planet greener.”

Since then, Jadav started planting bamboos in the wetland. He found a small island and planted many young trees. He worked     4    (extreme) hard at this for three long     5     (decade). His work paid off and the land became a     6    (beauty)green forest.

In 1980, Jadav worked with a team     7     carried out a tree plantation   project in Jorhat district. It took Jadav about five years     8       (complete)the project.

Forest is his home now. He regards the recognition and awards he got    9    his wealth. Jadav, now 52-year-old man, finds all his    10     (happy)in the forest.

6 . Oxygen, I'm sure you'd agree, is pretty important for life on Earth. We breathe it in, our cells survive on it and without it, we hardly live. Basically all multicellular life on Earth evolved over millions of years to make use of oxygen.

But take a deep breath, because we need to talk about Henneguya salminicola, a tiny parasite(寄生虫) containing fewer than100 cells that lives within the muscle tissue of salmon, a large fish with silver skin and pink flesh. The strange-looking parasite does not busy itself with such small matters as breathing oxygen. Nope, it seems that H. salminicola is the first multicellular animal we've found that survives without the stuff.

“Aerobic respiration(有氧呼吸) was thought to be commonly found in animals, but now we confirmed that this is not the case, "said Dorothee Huchon, a zoologist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, in a press release.

Huchon and a team of international researchers examined and sequenced(排序) all of. salminicola's' genes in their study, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. They found that the parasite, which is closely related to jellyfish, lacks the DNA machinery necessary to“breathe”---it doesn't' have mitochondria(线粒体), often called the "powerhouse" of the cell, because they use oxygen to make energy. It's like a little factory inside almost all cells, and DNA detectives can find mitochondrial genes during sequencing.

The discovery came as something of an accident for the team, who were examining the genome (the complete set of genes) of the species. When they went searching for the mitochondrial genes,   they came up empty-handed. "Our discovery shows that evolution can go in strange directions, ”Huchon said. "Aerobic respiration is a major source of energy, and yet we found an animal that gave up this important pathway.”

Some single-celled life forms have evolved the ability to survive without oxygen and do not have mitochondria, either. Plenty of bacteria can exist without oxygen at all. Instead of oxygen, they get their energy from fermentation(发酵) or use other molecules like iron.

But how H. salminicola produces energy is still unclear. Huchon suggests it could draw oxygen from the cells in salmon or it could have evolved similar methods to those of single-celled organisms which scientists have documented in the past.

1. What can we learn about Henneguya salminicola?

A．It is an animal consisting of a cell.

B．It can still survive without oxygen.

C．It takes on a normal appearance.

D．It has a longer lifespan than salmon.

2. What is the main function of mitochondria?

A．To make cells breathe fast.

B．To help to produce oxygen.

C．To provide energy for cells.

D．To help cells absorb oxygen.

3. How did Huchon probably feel about the discovery?

A．Interested.

B．Satisfied.

C．Astonished.

D．Frightened.

4. What could be the most suitable title for the text?

A．The natural evolution of animal cells

B．Different kinds of life forms on earth

C．A research on single-celled organisms

D．A creature that doesn't breathe oxygen

7 . 2020年12月19日上午，学校组织全体同学在电视上观看了嫦娥五号工程月球样本交接仪式，同学们观看后心潮澎湃，倍感自豪，决心认真学习，今后报效祖国,……。请你为校报英文专栏写一篇新闻报道，内容包括：
1. 观看时间、方式、内容；
2. 同学们的感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Students Watching Chang’e 5 Samples Handover

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . What's the first thing that comes to mind when you think of the word “culture”？ Do you think of different groups of people across the world with various ____and clothing? What about animals?

Sam Williams,executive director of the Macaw(金刚鹦鹉）Recovery Network in Costa Rica, helps to ___the impact of the decline of macaw populations by taking birds that were born____and releasing them into the wild. But this process is very___

＂In a cage,you can't____them to know where,when and how to find that food, or about trees with good nest sites," Williams told ecologist and writer Carl Safina for the Guardian. In the wild, the parents would be the ones to teach them this important __

This type of knowledge is known as cultural knowledge. Cultural knowledge can be___ from the older generation to the newer one. For many species,cultural knowledge is necessary for ___

Culture helps animals to____different habitats.For example,some crows(乌鸦）have learned to put nuts in the middle of the road for cars to drive over. And in other areas, they have learned to do this at intersections so they can____get the food when the cars stop at red lights.

Other important parts of cultural knowledge include things like group identity, using different tools,taking different____routes and using different socializing methods.

These traditions can especially be seen in chimpanzee communities. Cat Hobaiter,who studies chimpanzees in Uganda,said:"It's not just the____of populations of chimps that worries me.I find____the possibility of losing each population's unique culture. That's permanent.”

Culture isn't just for____.Culture is also an important part of life in the wild from using tools to____.

1.

A．communities

B．zones

C．traditions

D．divisions

2.

A．squeeze

B．reduce

C．wrestle

D．delete

3.

A．encaged

B．enlarged

C．encouraged

D．ensured

4.

A．tentative

B．slow

C．lame

D．abrupt

5.

A．elect

B．swap

C．assess

D．train

6.

A．brochure

B．seminar

C．framework

D．information

7.

A．passed down

B．taken up

C．followed up

D．put together

8.

A．management

B．survival

C．currency

D．cooperation

9.

A．cater to

B．push for

C．adapt to

D．dive in

10.

A．safely

B．desperately

C．surprisingly

D．hopefully

11.

A．irrigation

B．migration

C．suspension

D．collision

12.

A．loss

B．dilemma

C．adjustment

D．prevention

13.

A．enterprising

B．flexible

C．artificial

D．terrifying

14.

A．animals

B．plants

C．humans

D．nails

15.

A．refreshing

B．weeping

C．negotiating

D．socializing

9 . Dog are man’s best friend. If you plan on buying a dog, try to put in a little bit of research. You will find out that there are plenty of dog breeds (品种) to choose from, but some are more expensive than others. Not just in terms of the price, but also grooming (梳理) and medical expenses.

In this list, we will cover the most expensive dog breeds in the world that you can buy. We’ll even include the dog’s price tag, washing expenses, and average health care costs.

Kerry Blue Terrier

With a price at $ 600, this dog might be inexpensive. However, due to their many health concerns, health care costs can reach up to $7,000. If taken good care of, they can live up to 15 years.

Great Dane

The Great Dane breed is a big dog with an average price of $ 800. This breed has a life expectancy (期限) of 7 to 10 years. The average health care costs are expected to be around $7,100.

Bernese Mountain Dog

The purchase price for one of these huge 120-pound dogs is around $ 800. This breed has many health concerns which will cost you around $ 6,500. .

German Shepherd

Known for their cleverness as a sheepherder , the price for one is around $ 800. Although they can live for up to 13 years, their health care costs up to $20,500. What causes their health care to be so expensive is treating common health conditions.

1. What is important to a life length of a Kerry Blue Terrier?

A．Good care.

B．Enough food.

C．Proper exercise.

D．Daily companion.

2. What is special about German Shepherd?

A．It costs the most to care.	B．It is the cheapest to get.
C．It can live up to 15 years. .	D．It is the strongest dog.

3. Which would you buy if you want to spend less than $ 7,500, including health care cost?

A．Great Dane.	B．German Shepherd.
C．Kerry Blue Terrier.	D．Bernese Mountain Dog.

10 . China's Mars rover, Tianwen-1, will likely attempt to land at a site in northeastern Mars, according to a new paper published just days ahead of the mission's launch. The paper was written by team members of China's Tianwen-1 Mars mission, which aims to send an orbiter and a rover to the Red Planet.

The study reveals new details about Tianwen-1, outlining its intended landing area, science goals and the names of instruments aboard the spacecraft. It also stresses the historic nature of the mission: Not only is Tianwen-1 China's first fully homegrown Mars mission, it's also the first to carry both an orbiter and a rover.

Tianwen-1 means "questions to heaven“ and was taken from the title of a poem by Qu Yuan (340 — 278 BC). The spacecraft will reach Mars in February 2021, at the same time as NASA's Perseverance rover and the United Arab Emirates5 Hope orbiter launched on Sunday (July 19). However, China's rover will remain attached to the orbiter for two to three months before attempting its landing, according to the paper.

The chosen landing area is Utopia Planitia, a huge basin formed by a large impact far back in Mars' history that was also the region where NASA's Viking 2 lander touched down in 1976. China had isolated a part of the vast plain as a landing area, which means there will be more time and atmosphere for the entry spacecraft to slow down and safely land on the surface. The latitude is also suitable for receiving enough sunlight to power the 240 kilograms rover. The relatively smooth surface will also be helpful for roving. The mission also benefits from the engineering heritage of China's Chang'e lunar exploration program, the paper noted.

The Tianwen-1 orbiter will operate in a polar orbit in order to map Mars. The rover will also investigate the surface soil characteristics and water-ice distribution with its own Subsurface Exploration Radar. It will also analyze surface material composition and characteristics of the Martian climate and environment on the surface.

1. What's the purpose of the passage?

A．To lay out key details about Tianwen-1.

B．To state how Tianwen-1 was invented.

C．To stress the historic meaning of Tianwen-1.

D．To analyze characteristics of the Martian climate.

2. What is most special about Tianwen-1 according to Para. 2?

A．It was named after Qu Yuan, a famous poet in Chinese history.

B．It will reach Mars at the same time as NASA's Viking 2.

C．It will remain for 2 or 3 months on Mars.

D．It will complete orbiting and roving in a Mars mission.

3. Why is Utopia Planitia chosen as the landing area of Tianwen-1?

A．The rare air there is suitable for the flight of Tianwen.

B．The area can protect Tianwen-1 from too much sunlight.

C．It has relatively smooth surface, which is helpful for roving.

D．There is no spacecraft successfully landing there in history.

4. The last paragraph states mainly        .

A．Tianwen-1's historic contributions	B．Tianwen-1's new radar instruments
C．Tianwen-1's academic advantages	D．Tianwen-1's scientific goals