In the past 500 million years, there have been five mass extinction events on Earth. In the third event,
(1) 垃圾问题的现状；
(2) 垃圾分类的好处（至少2点）；
(3) 呼吁全体同学积极参加垃圾分类。
注意：(1)词数：100左右；(2) 开头和结尾已为你写好，不记入总词数；
参考词汇：垃圾分类rubbish classification 可回收物 recyclable waste
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3 . Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of the country’s persistent problems: garbage and poverty. It’s called the Chip Bag Project. The 26-year-old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than throw your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.
Chip eaters drop off their empty bags at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they clean the chip bags in soapy hot water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. They use liners (活衬里) from old coats to line the insides.
It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether they’re single-serve or family size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and portable,” Oleita told the Detroit News.
Since its start in 2020, the Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800,000 chip bags and it created 110 sleeping bags last December.
Sure, it would be simpler to raise the money to buy new sleeping bags. But that’s only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago to live a better life — and her fellow volunteers. “We are devoted to making an impact not only socially, but environmentally,” she says.
And, of course, there’s the symbolism of saving bags that would otherwise land in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It’s a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty are often closely related. As Oleita told hourdetroit.com: “I think it’s time to show connections between all of these issues.”
1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?| A．The final goal of Chip Bag Project. | B．The basic rules of Chip Bag Project. |
| C．The main work of Chip Bag Project. | D．The significance of Chip Bag Project. |
| A．It is only made of old coats. | B．It is easy to carry around. |
| C．It has the function of heating. | D．It is the same size as 150 bags. |
| A．Making sleeping bags is easier than buying new ones. |
| B．Poverty and environmental problems go hand in hand. |
| C．Making sleeping bags is the best way to help the homeless. |
| D．Environmental problems have little impact on the homeless. |
| A．Caring and creative. | B．Brave and optimistic. |
| C．Honest and determined. | D．Talented and easy-going |
4 . Do you know one bird whose name is crow (乌鸦)?Here is a story about one of them. There was once a lazy crow who thought it was too much trouble to
One day he saw a(n)
“No, you can’t!”
The crow went home feeling
Sadly the crow flew to his own forest. But when his old friends, the other crows saw him they asked him to
“What looks easier isn’t always so,” the crow said to himself. “I wish I had never painted my feathers grey!”
1.| A．pick out | B．look for | C．put away | D．hand in |
| A．lovely | B．healthy | C．happy | D．pretty |
| A．boring | B．funny | C．old | D．fat |
| A．followed | B．caught | C．protected | D．taught |
| A．square | B．forest | C．park | D．house |
| A．men | B．visitors | C．pigeons | D．crows |
| A．help | B．join | C．see | D．believe |
| A．explained | B．advised | C．shouted | D．continued |
| A．lucky | B．asleep | C．tired | D．sad |
| A．idea | B．choice | C．change | D．accident |
| A．head | B．feathers | C．feet | D．legs |
| A．understand | B．guess | C．hope | D．think |
| A．welcomed | B．discovered | C．noticed | D．attacked |
| A．Strangely | B．Finally | C．Suddenly | D．Interestingly |
| A．wait | B．stop | C．cry | D．leave |
| A．go away | B．give up | C．set off | D．hurry up |
| A．miss | B．hunt | C．know | D．forget |
| A．colder | B．worse | C．busier | D．stronger |
| A．brothers | B．friends | C．parents | D．sisters |
| A．though | B．but | C．as | D．and |
5 . Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly (有规律的). Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous (多山的).
The earthquake which was talked about most in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died.
In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit the Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 400,000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People can not prepare for earthquakes.
1. Earthquakes happen ________.| A．in all the places in the world |
| B．only in the countries that have a lot of mountains |
| C．regularly in most places in the world |
| D．only in a few places along the coast |
| A．In 1964 in Alaska. |
| B．In 1556 in China. |
| C．In 1923 in Japan. |
| D．In 1976 in China. |
| A．The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. |
| B．Earthquakes often come unexpectedly (出乎意料地). |
| C．Earthquakes can cause fires. |
| D．People still don’t know how to tell when an earthquake will come. |
| A．How do earthquakes worry people? |
| B．What will people do to prepare for earthquakes? |
| C．How can we save people when earthquakes happen? |
| D．How do earthquakes happen? |
6 . Natural gas produces half as much CO2 when burned as coal, but that doesn't make it harmless. Climate scientists say that rising production of natural gas is becoming one of the biggest driving forces of climate change and that plans for industry expansion could stop efforts to make the Earth’s climate steady. The U. S. energy industry plans to spend hundreds of billions of dollars building pipelines and receiving stations in coming years to increase exports of natural gas in supercooled liquefied form, known as LNG(液化天然气).
Climate scientists are concerned about another greenhouse gas that leaks(泄漏) into the atmosphere during natural gas production: methane. Methane has a warming effect up to 80 or 90 times more powerful than CO2 over a 20-year timescale. Many companies say they have been doing more to find and fix methane leaks.
What about gas as a temporary “bridge fuel” to a cleaner future? The industry often describes natural gas as a vital “bridge” to help change from relying on coal-fired power to cleaner sources of energy. Advocates of natural gas argue that gas-fired power plants can provide continuous electricity, backing up wind and solar operations. Climate scientists are increasingly concerned, however, that plans to expand the industry a lot mean that using natural gas as a “bridge” could end up locking the world into a high-carbon and fast-warming future.
1. What does burning natural gas result in compared with burning coal?| A．Producing more greenhouses. | B．Making air much dirtier. |
| C．Providing less electricity. | D．Giving off 1/2 CO2 |
| A．Expand exports of LNG. |
| B．Find and fix methane leaks. |
| C．Make the Earth’s climate steady. |
| D．Build pipelines and oil stations. |
| A．burning natural gas does no harm to the climate |
| B．natural gas is a vital “bridge” to help rely on coal-burned power |
| C．the natural gas production is the smallest driving force of climate change |
| D．methane is a more powerful greenhouse gas than CO2 in a warming effect |
| A．Efforts to avoid climate disaster. |
| B．Worries about a warming future. |
| C．Plans for expanding gas industry. |
| D．Ways to produce cleaner natural gas. |
7 . The more, the merrier!
As Hurricane Delta approached Mexico’s Yucatan Peninsula(半岛) in early October, Pimentel, who founded Tierra de Animales in 2011, opened up his home, which doubles as an animal rescue. “It doesn’t matter if the house is dirty. It can be cleaned. The things animals broke can be fixed or bought again, but what’s beautiful is to see them happy, healthy, safe and with the possibility of being adopted,” he said.
As Pimentel prepared for the hurricane to strike, he began asking for donations. “As you know, we have hundreds of animals here and are rushing into the city now, getting prepared as much as possible. Most importantly, we have to buy as much dog food as we can, ” the animal shelter wrote just hours ahead of the storm’s arrival.
Of course, preparing for the hurricane also meant that he had to move the dogs inside. After successfully settling all the canines, Pimentel shared the photographs online, showing his home packed with wall-to-wall canines. The posts ended up going viral (广为传播的), which Pimentel had stressed was never his intention, resulting in thousands of likes and donations.
“Your support at this time has been invaluable and we deeply appreciate all your messages, calls and shows of affection,” read a recent post. Pimentel hopes his viral posts will bring about an increase in adoptions.
1. What does the author intend to do in Paragraph1?| A．Summarize the whole paragraphs. |
| B．Introduce a new topic for discussion. |
| C．Provide vital details for the readers. |
| D．Excite the readers’ curiosity to continue. |
| A．Tierra de Animales was founded by the animal rescue. |
| B．Pimentel attached great importance to the animals’ safety. |
| C．Many animals with virus were attacking Yucatan Peninsula. |
| D．Pimentel asked for donations to cover all his family expenses. |
| A．Dogs. | B．Posts. | C．Adoptions. | D．Donations. |
| A．Be actively involved in adopting dogs. |
| B．Avoid spreading the posts with virus. |
| C．Never mind animals’ making trouble. |
| D．Buy his dogs as many as possible. |
8 . The world has undoubtedly changed in many ways due to the changing climate. Humanity has seen wildfires burn through the rolling hills of California and across Australian forests. Weather patterns have changed, and species of all kinds have had to adapt as well as they can.
A study out of the New England Aquarium in Boston, Massachusetts, focuses on the Epaulette shark and their newly born pups. Native to the warm waters near Australia and New Guinea, this small species of shark is very interesting and adaptive. But all the evolutionary adaptive behaviors don’t take these sharks out of harm’s way.
Lauren Benoit, a marine scientist, weighed in on this issue, “Studies have found that warmer waters caused sharks to give birth faster and as a result the premature pups were smaller and lacked energy.” Lauren continued discussing the real impact of climate change on all sharks. “The problem is that the water is warming so rapidly that these sharks may not have enough time to adapt. The same goes for their prey (猎物), who are also trying to deal with the changing environment. Some species may be able to change their migration patterns to follow the colder water.”
The danger is clear and present. Lauren explains: “If these animals are born too soon, then the conditions they need to survive may not be present. Overtime, if some of the babies survive and are able to adapt to these temperatures, then future generations will be able to withstand the warmer environment.”
The warming conditions of the planet will be likely to influence everything living on Earth. Lauren helps us understand why we need to try and stop and change the impact of global warming from a shark’s perspective: “Overall, most sharks are cold-blooded and are very sensitive to temperature. As global ocean temperatures warm, it will become dangerous for shark populations.”
1. What can we know about the sharks in the second paragraph?| A．Warmer waters help them grow better. | B．They have adapted to global warming. |
| C．Their new born babies are very lovely. | D．Their adaptation fails to keep them safe. |
| A．They are challenging their babies’ growth. | B．They are making sharks more sensitive. |
| C．They are weakening their ability to swim. | D．They are causing sharks to die of coldness. |
| A．Ignore. | B．Survive. | C．Create. | D．Change. |
| A．Sharks’ prey tries to deal with warmer environment. |
| B．Baby sharks have adapted to higher temperatures. |
| C．Climate change has posed a threat to baby sharks. |
| D．Undeniable climate change causes global disasters. |
9 . The story started from a popular video, in which a tourist pulled a flower out of the ground in Tibet and boiled it with other food.
He might not know what he dug up was not an ordinary one but snow lotus, an extremely rare species. The exact number existing in the wild is unknown, but scientists believe that the species is dying out and people are not allowed to collect them for private or even scientific use since 2000.
The snow lotus generally only grows above the snowline of the Tibetan Himalayas or Heaven Mountain in Central Asia. In order to survive the harsh environment and strong wind, it grows thick hair on the outside, which keeps the plant from the cold. And it often has to grow around six to eight years before its only flowering time in life.
Only very few plants and animals survive in such an environment. Therefore, each snow lotus is key part of fragile (脆弱的) ecosystem around it. When someone digs one out of the ground, he/she not only wastes the plant’s own years of efforts, but also threatens the ecological (生态的) balance of about one square kilometer around it.
For a long time, many people collect the lotus flowers to sell as herbal (药草的) plants to others, even though their herbal effects are not proved. Regardless of the fact, some traders do misleading advertising about them and illegally sell them at high prices. As a result, the species is in danger. The snow lotus is not the only plant that suffers from the illegal sale of certain people because they carry a sense of mystery. It is time the law offered stricter protection of these rare plants for the ecological environment.
1. What did the author intend to tell us about the tourist?| A．He destroyed an endangered plant. | B．He has good outdoor survival skills. |
| C．He discovered a special kind of flowers. | D．He has made many popular short videos. |
| A．To fight for enough living space. | B．To make the flower less obvious. |
| C．To protect it from extreme conditions. | D．To prevent it from being dug out easily. |
| A．It is hard for people to find a snow lotus. |
| B．It takes many years for a snow lotus to fully grow. |
| C．Some rare plants usually grow in weak environments. |
| D．The snow lotus is very important to the local ecosystem. |
| A．We should call on the public to protect rare plants. |
| B．We should learn to recognize different plants. |
| C．We should follow all the laws in our country. |
| D．We should avoid taking wild plants as food. |
10 . FUR, FINS & FEATHERS
Wildlife-watching can turn a day outdoors into a wide-eyed family adventure. Here are four of the best UK experiences this spring.
Ponies on Exmoor
Exmoor National Park is a haven for wildlife, with the area’s native ponies a highlight. Some animals wander around the park, and you will likely see them on four-wheel-drive vehicle adventures. For very young children, don’t miss the Exmoor Pony Center, near Dulverton, home to around 20 native ponies.
Puffins on Skomer Island
Skomer might be less than a mile off the Pembrokeshire coast but arriving on this rocky, dramatic island still feels like landing on a distant shore. During breeding season (April to early July), you can expect to spot puffins, but there’s plenty more for families to enjoy, too. However, visitor numbers are capped each day, so book your boat trip well ahead of time.
Eagles and Otters on Mull
The inner Hebridean Island of Mull has superb birdwatching certificates and a rich marine life, too. Keep your eyes on the sky for golden and white-tailed eagles — the former a Highland icon, the latter the UK’s largest bird of prey. The coast, meanwhile, is home to shy but spellbinding otters (水獭). Mull Magic offers themed wildlife tours, including the Otter Detective Walk, the Eagle Walk and Birds, Beaches & Butterflies.
Seals in Norfolk
The county’s coastline is famous for its seals, with three key locations allowing you to admire colonies from a responsible distance. Hunstanton is a good bet in the summer months, and Horsey Beach is an excellent option for seeing baby seals during the winter breeding seasons, but Blakeney Points is the best year-round choice, with both harbor and grey seals seen in large numbers. Various operators run family-friendly bout trips from nearby Morston Quay, with departures throughout the year.
1. Which tour is strongly recommended for little kids?| A．Ponies on Exmoor. | B．Puffins on Skomer Island. | C．Eagles and Otters on Mull. | D．Seals in Norfolk. |
| A．You can see puffins in August. | B．It’s quite far away from the shore. |
| C．You can enjoy themed wildlife tours. | D．It puts limits on the number of visitors. |
| A．Hunstanton. | B．Hebridean Island. | C．Blakeney Points. | D．Horsey Beach. |
