1 . Heimaey is a small island off the southern coast of Iceland. But with its neighbouring islands, there
Baby puffins leave at night by instinct (本能) and follow the light of the
Each breeding season, the
The next morning, they take the birds to the beach for release(释放). Over the years, kids have even developed a
“ Thanks to kids’ help, we scientists have learned that baby puffins now weigh less. That means they have a
Scientists worry puffins will
| A．lives | B．has | C．stands | D．contains |
| A．search | B．continue | C．follow | D．make |
| A．life | B．trouble | C．journey | D．luck |
| A．sun | B．candle | C．moon | D．bulb |
| A．excited | B．puzzled | C．concerned | D．surprised |
| A．keep | B．stay | C．end up | D．turn off |
| A．only | B．nearly | C．hardly | D．mainly |
| A．scientists | B．birds | C．children | D．adults |
| A．corner | B．get | C．catch | D．lose |
| A．new | B．gentle | C．common | D．rough |
| A．weighed | B．raised | C．eaten | D．tapped |
| A．higher | B．lower | C．worse | D．better |
| A．die out | B．die away | C．die down | D．die off |
| A．source | B．love | C．patience | D．hope |
| A．poster | B．profit | C．difference | D．attack |
2 . Hannah Huxford encountered the fry-stealing gull in Bridlington, a coastal town on the Yorkshire coast. Huxford snapped the well-timed photo on her iPhone in 2011; it went viral soon after. A decade later, the fry-stealing gull is appearing on billboards, as part of an advertising campaign for Google.
Researchers recently discovered that food may actually become more attractive to gulls when the birds observe humans handling it first, according to a 2020 study published in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
Because the birds seem to be attracted to food items that they’ve watched humans touch, another of the study’s authors, says that it’s even more important to properly throw food waste and snack wrappers in the trash. “Our findings suggest that gulls are more likely to approach food that they have seen people drop or put down, so they may associate areas where people are eating with an easy meal, ‘‘ Dr. Laura Kelley said.
The scientists approached 74 herring gulls in coastal towns in Cornwall, tempting them with weighted bags of fried potatoes. Only 19 gulls were curious or hungry enough to linger (逗留), allowing the scientists to place the bag on the ground and retreat a short distance away, waiting in a crouched (蹲下) position to see if a gull would approach.
Their experiments demonstrated that gulls were more cautious about approaching a tempting treat if there was a person nearby who was watching them closely. However, the scientists also found that far fewer of the birds than expected showed interest in investigating the food at all when being stared at.
In fact, people may be able to protect their lunches from gulls by avoiding areas where the birds tend to gather and keeping a closer eye on their meals, she added. “Gulls have a bad reputation but, like all animals, they are just trying to survive,“ Goumas said. “We can try to alleviate the conflict we have with them by making changes in our own behavior. ”
1. Why does the author mention “the fry-stealing gull photo“ in Paragraph 1?| A．To open up the topic. | B．To kid about the gull. |
| C．To tell us an episode. | D．To introduce the background. |
| A．Photos taken by people. | B．Areas full of food waste. |
| C．Food that visitors are eating. | D．Snack wrappers in the trash. |
| A．They don’t like the food left over by humans. |
| B．They approach the treat when they are hungry. |
| C．They are interested in eating food with humans. |
| D．They probably won’t eat the treat when being watched. |
| A．Conservative. | B．Sympathetic. |
| C．Skeptical. | D．Indifferent. |
3 . Wildlife faces threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and some human activities. Although protecting wildlife may seem too hard at times, even small actions in your own neighborhood can help protect many different animals. Here are some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions. Create wildlifefriendly areas in your backyard.
When trying to make your garden more beautiful, you can choose plants that can provide food and shelter for the native wildlife. This will also help cut down on pollution. Besides, bird or bat houses in your yard or garden can attract and shelter more species.
Avoid harming the natural ecosystem (生态系统) in your backyard.
Some plants from other places can kill or harm the native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife.
Have a greener lifestyle.
By using less water and fewer fuels, you will do good to help protect the wildlife around you. Take buses or the subway if you can, turn off the electric devices when you’re not using them, take showers for a shorter time, and keep the temperature in your room at or below 68 Fahrenheit degrees in winter.
Buy products that are friendly to wildlife.
Don’t buy products that are made from endangered animals. Keep in mind that some endangered animals are killed by traps, or hunters who are eager to earn money with them.
Donate money to organizations that protect wildlife and their habitats.
You can give money to organizations or groups that protect wildlife in your neighborhood, thus promoting their work.
1. The purpose of this passage is to ________.| A．tell us why protecting wildlife is extremely important now |
| B．suggest that we protect wildlife through words |
| C．explain why protecting wildlife is not as hard as people think |
| D．give us some tips on how to protect wildlife through small actions |
| A．Animal diseases. | B．Destruction of habitat. |
| C．Pollution. | D．Hunters. |
| A．Planting proper trees in gardens. |
| B．Buying a sweater that is made from antelope fur as a gift. |
| C．Donating some money to WWF. |
| D．Reading books about wildlife. |
| A．Environment. | B．Teaching. |
| C．Business. | D．Geography. |
4 . As Gwen Erickson approached 97, she began raising one of America’s most popular, yet endangered butterflies—the monarch butterfly (帝王蝶). She managed to
The whole process is a little
Erickson remembered her first attempt to raise
Erickson doesn’t like to talk about herself and what she does, but she does so this time as she wants to
This new
| A．steal | B．donate | C．keep | D．photograph |
| A．number | B．size | C．range | D．variety |
| A．money-saving | B．labor-demanding | C．energy-efficient | D．time-consuming |
| A．sped up | B．turned up | C．woke up | D．grew up |
| A．impatient | B．delighted | C．surprised | D．unwilling |
| A．accompanied | B．attended | C．greeted | D．impressed |
| A．flies | B．pests | C．butterflies | D．bees |
| A．regain | B．develop | C．remove | D．express |
| A．decoration | B．fossil | C．herb | D．pleasure |
| A．allow | B．encourage | C．arrange | D．invite |
| A．passion | B．exit | C．species | D．fiction |
| A．opportunity | B．result | C．change | D．inspiration |
| A．hobby | B．version | C．rumour | D．exercise |
| A．promises | B．reminds | C．upsets | D．strengthens |
| A．polite | B．generous | C．optimistic | D．purposeful |
5 . Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community unity, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York &Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students (BUGS) program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home-a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty.
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm. Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines—each one complementing the other in a symbiotic (共生的) relationship.
1. What is special about Gotham Greens?| A．It offers homeless families information on healthy eating. |
| B．It provides job training for students. |
| C．It uses high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food. |
| D．It creates a sustainable garden on a large boat. |
| A．Gotham Greens. | B．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students |
| C．Revision Urban Farm. | D．Swale. |
| A．They are inspirational multinational project. |
| B．They have educational and entertaining purposes. |
| C．They are important for city residents. |
| D．They create job opportunities for farmers. |
Ecotourism(生态旅游)is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become
Ecotourism has
Due to
Minimize the impact of
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially
7 . Clothes were once used until they fell apart. Not today. In high-income countries in particular, clothing and footwear are increasingly frequently bought, thrown away and replaced with new fashions, which are themselves soon thrown away and replaced.
The so-called ‘Fast fashion’ is having a surprising environmental impact. The first one is water. The fashion industry consumes anywhere from 20 trillion (万亿) to 200 trillion litres every year. Then there are micro-plastics. Plastic fibres are released when we wash polyester (聚酯纤维) textiles, which make up between20% and 35% of the micro-plastics choking the oceans. Added to this are specific chemicals, such as those used to make fabrics stain resistant and the pesticides required to protect crops such as cotton.
Change is badly needed, but will require the fashion industry to work harder to embrace more of what is known as the circular economy. That will involve at least two things: refocusing on making things that last, and so encouraging reuse; and more rapidly expanding the technologies for sustainable manufacturing processes, especially recycling. There’s a big role for research-both academic and industrial-in achieving these and other ambitions.
Researchers could begin by helping to provide more accurate estimates of water use. There is also work to be done on improving and expanding textiles recycling. Undoubtedly, used textiles go to landfill in part because there are relatively few systems that collect, recycle and reuse materials. Such recycling requires the manual separation of fibres, as well as buttons and zips. Different fibres are not easy to identify by eye, and overall such manual processes are time-consuming. Machinery that can help is being developed. Technologies also exist to recycle used fibres chemically and to create high-quality fibres that can be reused in clothing. But these are nowhere near the scale needed.
Another challenge for researchers is to workout how to get consumers and manufacturers to change their behaviour. Other research questions include finding ways to encourage people to purchase long lasting goods; exploring how to satisfy desires for something new while reducing environmental impact; and understanding why certain measures can be successfully scaled up whereas others fail.
1. Why does the author mention “water”, “micro-plastics” and “chemicals” in Paragraph 2?| A．To provide an idea. | B．To prove a point. |
| C．To give a definition. | D．To present new concepts. |
| A．Efforts are made to lengthen the lifespan of textiles. |
| B．Worn-out clothes are used as dishcloths and oil rags. |
| C．High-quality fibres are created to be reused in clothing. |
| D．Fashion industry is encouraged to release new lines more often. |
| A．To make sure that all of the used textiles go to landfill. |
| B．To separate fibres, as well as buttons and zips manually. |
| C．To improve and expand textile recycling to a larger extent. |
| D．To encourage consumers to satisfy their desires for fashion. |
| A．Say Yes to the So-called Fast Fashion |
| B．Cut Fast Fashion’s Environmental Impact |
| C．Address the Academic Challenges for Researchers |
| D．Improve the Efficiency of the Separation of Fibres |
1. What is the woman doing?
| A．Carrying trees. | B．Planting trees. | C．Picking up waste. |
| A．To play in it. | B．To clean it. | C．To measure the depth of it. |
| A．Strangers. | B．Teammates. | C．Schoolmate |
9 . The warm coast of California is a place where many western monarch butterflies travel to stay during the cold winter months in the United States. Researchers fear the record low number of monarchs this year could mean the insects are in danger of disappearing in the near future.
The Xerces Society works on conservation efforts for insects. Last winter, it recorded around 29,000 butterflies in its yearly survey. That was similar to the winter before, when an all-time low of 27,000 monarchs was counted. But the count this year is dangerously low. Fewer than 2,000 orange-and-black butterflies are in the yearly count this January, which showed a big drop in recent years. On the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains, another monarch butterfly population has decreased by more than 80 percent since the mid-1990s.
Causes for the extremely low numbers of butterflies in the western states include homebuilding and chemical use, which destroyed milkweed plants along their migratory(迁移的)path. The plants are needed for monarch butterflies to grow and develop. Climate changes interfere with the growth of wild plants. And huge wildfires in the west may also have influenced their migration.
A 2017 Washington State University study predicted that monarch butterflies would likely disappear within 10to 20 years if the population dropped below 30,000 and nothing was done to save them.
Action should be taken to provide protection for their food supply and environment, including their migratory path. The Xerces Society said it will keep working with other partners to protect the monarch. The organization added that people can help by planting flowers and milkweed along these butterflies’ migratory path.
1. Why do the researchers fear the possibility of monarch butterflies disappearing?| A．Because the warm coast of California is getting cold during the winter months. |
| B．Because most of them are killed by huge wildfires. |
| C．Because the population of this species is varied. |
| D．Because the number of monarch butterflies has dropped sharply. |
| A．Milkweed plants need monarchs to grow and develop. |
| B．Factors of the decrease in numbers of monarchs. |
| C．Human activities have influenced the climate change. |
| D．The importance of milkweed to the environment. |
| A．Lead. | B．Help. | C．Reserve. | D．Disturb. |
| A．Within 10 to 20 years monarch butterflies will disappear. |
| B．The migratory path of monarch butterflies is under protection. |
| C．Milkweed should be planted along monarchs’migratory path. |
| D．It is dangerous if the number of a species is below 30,000. |
10 . All dogs can benefit from training throughout their lives. But where to begin the process? Thus, we have sought advice from some experts on where to start.
Identify your training goals
Decide how you’d like to train your dog
When it comes to training methods, you have a few options. Group classes are cheaper but less personalized, while customized classes with training facilities are more expensive and riskier.
Generally speaking, many trainers fall into two broad categories. The first is positive reinforcement (强化) trainers, which means giving your dog something good to train. The second is balanced trainers who are willing to make a series of corrections using positive reinforcement methods.
Be realistic
Your dog may bark at your guests.
| A．Understand the methods |
| B．Make a detailed schedule |
| C．Here’s what they say about the issue |
| D．Usually there are two levels of dog training |
| E．The benefits of training dogs properly are as follows |
| F．Your choice will depend on your budget and your training goals |
| G．It might be a kind of dog to defend against people walking in your door |
